Review Buku Sejarah Indonesia Modern 1200-2008 |Sejarah Minat|
Summary
TLDRThe script discusses the modern history of Indonesia from 1200 to 2008, focusing on the impact of Islam, European colonization, and the Dutch East India Company's Cultuurstelsel system. It highlights the local resistance, the rise of Aceh, Mataram, and the influence of ethical politics leading to the formation of social and political organizations. The script also touches on the struggle for independence, the challenges faced during the New Order era, and the eventual recognition of Indonesia in international politics, emphasizing the nation's resilience and its journey towards democracy.
Takeaways
- đ The book 'Sejarah Indonesia Modern' by Safira Cak Edy Purwanto covers the period from 1200 to 2008, focusing on the modern history of Indonesia.
- đ The arrival of Islam in the Nusantara region marks the beginning of a new era, which is considered a significant turning point in Indonesian history.
- đ° The second wave of foreign influence came with the European powers, particularly the Portuguese and the Dutch, who began to establish colonial rule.
- đĄïž The Dutch East India Company (VOC) implemented a system of governance that delegated local power to Presidents and Regents, aiming to address financial shortcomings.
- đŸ The Dutch introduced the Cultivation System (Cultuurstelsel) in 1831, which was a forced cultivation policy that significantly increased colonial profits.
- đŒ The 'Ethical Policy' was a shift in Dutch colonial policy, aiming to improve the welfare of the colonized people and criticized the previous harsh methods.
- đŁïž The rise of local resistance and the formation of social-political organizations, such as unions and nationalist movements, were influenced by the Ethical Policy.
- đ The Proclamation of Indonesian Independence was a pivotal moment that forced the nation to confront foreign powers and assert its sovereignty.
- đ„ Post-independence, Indonesia faced internal challenges including economic instability, corruption, separatism, and high poverty rates.
- đ Indonesia's participation in the Asia-Africa Conference in Bandung and its role in international politics highlighted its status as a formerly colonized nation seeking a new path.
Q & A
What is the main topic of the book 'Sejarah Indonesia Modern' by Safira Cak Edy Purwanto?
-The book 'Sejarah Indonesia Modern' discusses the modern history of Indonesia, focusing on the period from 1200 to 2008.
How does the script describe the impact of Islam on the Nusantara region?
-The script suggests that the arrival of Islam in the Nusantara region marked the beginning of a new era, referred to as the 'request coba' period, which had a significant influence on the region's history.
What does the term 'kekuatan lokal' mentioned in the script refer to?
-The term 'kekuatan lokal' refers to the local powers or forces that emerged in response to the European colonial presence, particularly in the context of the Dutch East India Company's (VOC) activities.
What is the 'Cultuurstelsel' mentioned in the script?
-The 'Cultuurstelsel' was a forced cultivation system implemented by the Dutch in their colonies, including Indonesia, to maximize profits from the production of cash crops like spices.
How did the Dutch East India Company (VOC) manage its colonial territories according to the script?
-The VOC managed its colonial territories by delegating local power to Presidents and Regents, which was a part of their system to address financial shortcomings of colonial governance.
What is the significance of the year 1831 mentioned in the script?
-The year 1831 is significant because it marks the point when the Dutch colonial budget became balanced, and the VOC had already been dissolved, leading to the Dutch government directly financing the colonial administration.
What is the 'politiek van ethische' referred to in the script?
-The 'politiek van ethische' or 'Ethical Policy' was a policy implemented by the Dutch in their colonies, which aimed to improve the welfare of the native populations and was a shift from the purely exploitative policies of the past.
How did the 'Ethical Policy' influence the Dutch colonial administration as described in the script?
-The 'Ethical Policy' led to the Dutch colonial administration becoming a reference for other colonial powers and resulted in the emergence of a unique struggle for independence, including the establishment of social and political organizations.
What role did the 'Asia-Afrika Konferensi' play in the script's narrative?
-The 'Asia-Afrika Konferensi' or Bandung Conference is mentioned as an event that highlighted the shared fate of Asian and African nations, including Indonesia, which had been colonized, and it contributed to the international recognition of Indonesia.
How does the script describe the challenges faced by Indonesia after gaining independence?
-The script describes various challenges faced by Indonesia post-independence, including economic depression, political corruption, high poverty rates, and threats of separatism, which complicated the country's transition to a stable democracy.
Outlines
đ Indonesian Modern History Review
Safira Cak Edy Purwanto, a student from class 10 IPS 5, reviews a book on Modern Indonesian History from 1200 to 2008. The book begins with the introduction of Islam to the archipelago, marking the start of a new era known as the 'modern' period. It discusses the three stages of mental codes that have shaped the region's history. The second wave involves the arrival of European nations, particularly the Portuguese and Dutch, initiating colonial rule. The Dutch East India Company (VOC) is highlighted for its aggressive competition for spices, leading to the establishment of a despotic power structure. The VOC's model of state, based on a system of credit and residential delegation of power to local leaders, is critiqued. The Dutch implemented forced cultivation programs, such as the Cultuurstelsel, which brought significant profits from 1831. The narrative also touches on the 'ethical policy' of the Dutch, which aimed to improve the welfare of the colonized, and the rise of nationalist movements and organizations in response to colonial rule. The paragraph concludes with the eventual declaration of Indonesian independence as a culmination of these movements.
đ Post-Colonial Indonesia and the New Order
The second paragraph discusses the challenges faced by Indonesia after gaining independence, particularly the economic crisis that hit Asia. The 'New Order' regime, which initially brought stability, was quickly undermined by economic despair, leading to its eventual downfall. The paragraph also addresses the issues of corruption, separatism, and poverty that plagued the country, affecting its democratic development. The narrative suggests that despite these challenges, Indonesia began to play a role in international politics, as evidenced by its participation in the Asia-Africa conference in Bandung, which marked a significant moment in the country's post-colonial history.
Mindmap
Keywords
đĄIslam
đĄVOC
đĄCultuurstelsel
đĄEthical Policy
đĄNationalism
đĄRevolution
đĄAsia-Africa Conference
đĄNew Order
đĄCorruption
đĄDemocracy
Highlights
Introduction of the book review: 'Sejarah Indonesia Modern', covering from 1200 to 2008.
Discussion on the arrival of Islam in the Nusantara, marking a significant historical timeline.
Analysis of European colonialism, focusing on the Portuguese and Dutch competition over spices.
Explanation of Dutch colonial activities, including harsh economic measures and exploitation.
Introduction of local resistance movements, highlighting the roles of kingdoms like Aceh, Demak, and Mataram.
The Dutch VOC's strategy to implement a residential credit system by delegating power to local leaders.
Introduction of the 'Cultuurstelsel' (Forced Cultivation System), which increased Dutch profits.
Impact of the forced cultivation policy, leading to financial recovery of the Dutch government.
Discussion on the Dutch Ethical Policy, marking a shift towards educational reforms and social change.
Van Deventer's article highlighting Dutch responsibility and debt to the Indonesian people.
Growth of nationalist movements in response to the Ethical Policy, including modern organizations and political parties.
The declaration of Indonesian independence, a pivotal moment in the struggle against colonial rule.
Post-independence challenges faced by Indonesia, including internal revolution, corruption, and the influence of Japan.
Emergence of Indonesia on the international political stage through movements like the Asia-Africa Conference.
The fall of the New Order regime due to the Asian economic crisis, corruption, and political instability.
Transcripts
hai hai
hai hai
Hai nama saya Safira Cak Edy Purwanto
dari kelas 10 IPS 5 dan saya akan
mereview buku Sejarah Indonesia Modern
kalau 1200 hingga 2008 buatan request
dan ini bentuknya
Hai
buku ini diawali dengan pembahasan
masuknya Islam masuk ke Islam di
nusantara mengawali suatu rentang waktu
yang disebut request cobain bisa modern
Hai diem aja ketiga proses kode mental
yang menurutnya telah merusak samperio
debet
The Spot tersebut sebagai unit sejarah
yang padu
Hai gelombang kedua organisasi ini
sabarai adalah masuknya bangsa-bangsa
Eropa terutama Portugis dan Belanda
Hai murtala kaum kolonial Chan
menjadi-jadi Ketika koperasi-koperasi
Belanda melakukan persaingan keras
banget berebutkan rempah-rempah meskipun
pouch organizer sebagian besar pasalnya
bukan orang Belanda para petualang
gelandang sejahat dan orang-orang masih
jelek dan seluruh Eropa ia bersumpah
Setia sungguh tragis memang jika sekian
abad yang lalu wilayah yang sedemikian
kayak itu dikelola dan dikasih oleh para
Bandit Eropa yang duduk di jok
Hai oleh ricklefs hal ini dilihat
sebagai kebangkitan kekuatan lokal yang
diakui paspor Rich tetapi memperagakan
pelaku seperti Aceh Demak Mataram
Dalil dan hujjah
Hai pada ruang waktu tetapai pada era
tahun 1600
begini perlawanan militer sekarang
bisa-bisa dari kerajaan-kerajaan
Nusantara dengan Belanda
Hai bukannya kemenangan politik dan
kebudayaan lu suruh dalam perjalanan
waktu doa abad cocek lam benar-benar
mampu membangun kekuatan despotik yang
mampu sepenuhnya menduduki negara-negara
Nusantara model negara dilihat yang
diformulasikan oleh VOC adalah dengan
sistem kredit residensial
Hai yakin yg.com delegasikan kekuasaan
lokal kepada Presiden dan Bupati untuk
menutup kekurangan versus financial
pemerintahan kolonial Belanda menerapkan
program tanam paksa
di
balik melalui program
Cultuurstelsel inilah Belanda meraih
keuntungan yang besar sejak tahun 1831
anggaran belanja kolonial Belanda Sudah
berimbang dan hutang lama VOC telah
karena
lebih dari itu Gubernur Jenderal Belanda
mampu menyeret uang ke negeri Belanda
lafang 32 florens akibat solution
diperoleh dari Jawa inilah kolonial
Belanda membiayai penaklukan
daerah-daerah di luar Jawa
Hai berita Islam dan mulai menerapkan
kebijakan yang dikenal dengan politik
etis novel maksudku have large yang
mengkritik habis kekejaman Hindia
Belanda kini menjadi referensi penting
bagi pegawai kolonial
faktor lain juga dapat kita temui dalam
artikel yang ditulis oleh Van Deventer
yang menyatakan negeri Belanda berhutang
kepada bangsa Indonesia
dampak dari politik etis ini memang
melahirkan bodoh perjuangan tersendiri
keluarkan dari Belanda ke
the lounge
pengen ke kiri format perjuangan yang
lebih modern Misalnya saja melalui gaib
laut
parlementarian maupun kampanye Gagasan
dan ideologi burger berbagai surat kabar
yang diterbitkan oleh dirinya sendiri
oleh para tokoh nasionalis
serta pembibitan serikat-serikat
organisasi sosial politik
g-shock pada akhirnya waktu yang
ditunggu itu tiba yakini sebuah
pernyataan kemerdekaan
seluruh potensi kekuatan nasional
dipaksa
Hai untuk menghadapi kekuatan asing yang
masih tetap melancarkan Agresi ada
realitas menarik yang disampaikan oleh
mengenai revolusi
hai
pertama kedaulatan rakyat dalam satuan
nasional rokok kelompok revolusioner
muda mengintimidasi menculik dan muka
dangkal membunuh para pejabat
pemerintahan
Hai kepala desa anggota polisi yang
diasingkan ke channel dituduh hack Han
korupsi dan penindasan sama Jepang namun
pada sisi lain
Indonesia mulai mulai diperhitungkan
politik internasional dengan Magelang
Magelang asia-afrika
di sebuah daerah yang sedang setidaknya
memiliki kesamaan nasib ini sama-sama
Mbak sebagai bangsa yang pernah dijajah
karena stabilitas yang baru menjadi
kritis segera dihabisi oleh orde baru
klimaksnya orde baru jatuh
Hai
hal ini terjadi karena despres ekonomi
yang sedang melanda kawasan Asia ketika
perjalanan referal masih mencapai dua
kali pemilu Indonesia sebagai yang
Hai pada saat yang sama diwarnai sekian
persoalan mulai merajalela korupsi
ancaman separatisme tingginya angka
kemiskinan bahkan intrik-intrik politik
yang mencederai dewasa demo berdemokrasi
Hai
saya tidak bisa viral sekali diperoleh
dari kelas kulit S5E
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