Acids and Bases - Reaction with each other | Don't Memorise
Summary
TLDRThis educational video script explores the neutralization reaction between acids and bases. It demonstrates how sodium hydroxide, a base, turns phenolphthalein pink, indicating its basic nature. The addition of hydrochloric acid, an acid, neutralizes the base, reverting the solution to colorless. The script further explains that acids and bases react to form salt and water, a process known as neutralization. Practically, antacids neutralize stomach acid, providing relief from acidity, showcasing the real-world application of this chemical principle.
Takeaways
- đŹ Phenolphthalein is an acid-base indicator that turns pink in basic solutions and colorless in acidic solutions.
- đ§Ș Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a base that turns phenolphthalein pink, indicating its basic nature.
- đ Adding hydrochloric acid (HCl) to a basic solution with phenolphthalein turns it colorless, demonstrating an acid-base reaction.
- đ§Ș The color change from pink to colorless and back to pink upon adding acid and then base shows the neutralization process.
- đ The neutralization reaction between an acid and a base results in the formation of salt and water.
- đ The chemical equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide is: NaOH + HCl â NaCl + H2O.
- đ Antacids are bases used to neutralize excess stomach acid, providing relief from acidity and heartburn.
- đ§Ș The reaction between an antacid (a base) and hydrochloric acid in the stomach can be represented as: Base + HCl â Salt + Water.
- đ The practical application of neutralization reactions is seen in the use of antacids to counteract the harmful effects of stomach acid.
- đ Understanding acid-base reactions is fundamental to chemistry and has practical implications in medicine and everyday life.
Q & A
What happens when phenolphthalein is added to a sodium hydroxide solution?
-The color of the solution turns pink, indicating that sodium hydroxide is a base.
Why does phenolphthalein change color in the presence of sodium hydroxide?
-Phenolphthalein is colorless in acidic solutions but turns pink in basic solutions, so its color change to pink indicates the basic nature of the sodium hydroxide solution.
What is observed when hydrochloric acid is added to the pink phenolphthalein solution?
-The solution turns colorless again, showing that the base's effect has been neutralized by the acid.
What does the color change back to pink after adding sodium hydroxide to the mixture indicate?
-It indicates that the effect of the acid has been neutralized by the base, and the solution is once again basic.
What is the general reaction between an acid and a base?
-An acid and a base react to form salt and water, which is known as a neutralization reaction.
What products are formed when hydrochloric acid reacts with calcium hydroxide?
-Calcium chloride and water are formed when hydrochloric acid reacts with calcium hydroxide.
What is the role of antacids in our body?
-Antacids are used to neutralize excess stomach acid, which is primarily hydrochloric acid, providing relief from the burning sensation caused by acidity.
How do antacids provide relief from stomach acidity?
-Antacids, being bases, react with hydrochloric acid in the stomach to form salt and water, thus neutralizing the acid and alleviating discomfort.
What is the significance of the neutralization reaction in everyday life?
-Neutralization reactions are significant in everyday life as they help in managing acidity, such as in the use of antacids to reduce stomach acid, and in various industrial processes.
Can you provide an example of a neutralization reaction that occurs in the human body?
-An example of a neutralization reaction in the human body is when antacids, which are bases, react with hydrochloric acid in the stomach to form salt and water, providing relief from heartburn.
What is the chemical equation for the reaction between sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid?
-The chemical equation for the reaction between sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid is NaOH + HCl â NaCl + H2O.
Outlines
đ§Ș Understanding Acid-Base Reactions
The script begins with an experiment to demonstrate the reaction between an acid and a base. Sodium hydroxide, a base, is mixed with phenolphthalein, an acid-base indicator. The solution turns pink, indicating a basic environment. The addition of hydrochloric acid, an acid, neutralizes the base, causing the solution to become colorless. This experiment illustrates the neutralization process where an acid and a base react to form salt and water, a reaction known as a neutralization reaction. The script also explains that this principle applies to other reactions, such as the formation of calcium chloride from hydrochloric acid and calcium hydroxide.
Mindmap
Keywords
đĄAcid
đĄBase
đĄPhenolphthalein
đĄNeutralization
đĄSalt
đĄStomach Acid
đĄAntacid
đĄIndicator
đĄHydrochloric Acid
đĄSodium Hydroxide
đĄCalcium Hydroxide
Highlights
Sodium hydroxide solution turns phenolphthalein pink, indicating a basic solution.
Phenolphthalein is colorless in acidic solutions and turns pink in basic solutions.
The addition of hydrochloric acid to the basic solution turns it colorless, indicating a neutralization reaction.
The color change from pink to colorless demonstrates the neutralization of the base by an acid.
Adding sodium hydroxide back to the mixture re-establishes the pink color, neutralizing the acid's effect.
The reaction between an acid and a base produces salt and water, known as a neutralization reaction.
The formation of sodium chloride from sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid illustrates a typical neutralization reaction.
Calcium chloride and water are produced when hydrochloric acid reacts with calcium hydroxide.
Antacids are used to neutralize excess stomach acid, which is hydrochloric acid.
Antacids, being bases, react with stomach acid to provide relief from acidity.
The reaction of antacids with hydrochloric acid results in salt and water, alleviating the burning sensation.
The practical application of neutralization reactions is demonstrated by the use of antacids to counteract stomach acidity.
The burning sensation in the stomach is due to the harmful effects of excess hydrochloric acid.
The neutralization reaction between a base and an acid is fundamental in understanding acid-base chemistry.
The color change of phenolphthalein serves as a visual indicator of the acid-base reaction progress.
The concept of neutralization is practically applied in the treatment of acidity-related discomfort.
The reaction formula Base + Acid â Salt + Water summarizes the neutralization process.
Transcripts
To understand how acids react with bases, we take about 2 millilitres of sodium
hydroxide solution in a testtube and add a couple of drops of phenolphathalein
solution to it.
What do you notice about the color?
Yes, the colour of the solution turns pink!
The indicator phenolphthalein is colourless in acidic solutions, but goes pink in
basic solutions!
As sodium hydroxide is a base, the indicator turns pink!
Now to see how bases react with acids, we add hydrochloric acid to this drop by
drop!
What do you observe?
We see that the solution turns colourless again.
So the colourless base turned pink and then again
turned colourless after an acid was added.
What does this prove?
We can say that the effect of a base is neutralised or nullified by an acid.
Does the reverse also happen?
Will an acid be neutralised by a base?
To find out, letâs add a few drops of sodium hydroxide
back to the above mixture.
And yes, the pink colour of the phenolphthalein reappears!
Thatâs because the effect of acid is neutralised by the base!
So the reaction taking place here can be written like this:
Sodium chloride is nothing but a salt.
So an acid and a base react to give us salt and water!
And guess what such a reaction is called?
Itâs called a Neutralisation reaction!
A base reacts with acid to give us salt and water.
Base + Acid ï Salt + Water In a similar way, calcium chloride is formed
along with water when hydrochloric the acid reacts with calcium hydroxide!
2HCl + Ca(OH) 2 Â ï CaCl 2 Â + 2H 2 O Can you think of a more practical reaction?
When we have acidity, our stomach produces excess acid which is nothing but
hydrochloric acid(HCl).
And this acid is very harmful for the walls of our stomachâŠ
which is why we get that burning sensation.
So to neutralize the acid, what we use is an antacid.
Antacids as you would have guessed are nothing but bases!
The antacid reacts with the base to give salt and water.
And that gives us relief!
Base + HCl ï Salt + Water
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