Praktikum Sifat Koligatif Larutan Penurunan Tekanan Uap

Summary

In this educational video, Melanie, a chemistry education student from UIN Sunan Kalijaga, Yogyakarta, conducts a simple experiment to demonstrate the effect of solutes on vapor pressure. She uses three glasses of water, adding salt and sugar to two of them, and observes the amount of condensation on the lids after a day. The results show that pure water has the highest vapor pressure, followed by the sugar solution, and the salt solution has the least. Melanie explains that the presence of solutes reduces vapor pressure due to increased intermolecular forces, making it harder for water to evaporate. An animation is provided to illustrate the process, concluding with the principle that more solutes lead to lower vapor pressure.

Takeaways

• 🧪 The experiment conducted is a simple laboratory practice about the lowering of vapor pressure.
• 👩‍🔬 Melanie, a student from the Faculty of Chemical Education at UIN Sunan Kalijaga, Yogyakarta, presents the experiment.
• 🔬 The experiment aims to understand the impact of dissolved substances on vapor pressure in solutions.
• 🏡 The experiment is designed to be replicable at home using common household items.
• 📝 Materials used include three glasses, lids, a spoon, water, sugar, salt, and a baby bottle for measuring water.
• 💧 The procedure involves filling the glasses with water and adding sugar and salt to two of them, respectively.
• ⏱️ The glasses are then covered and left to sit for approximately a day to observe the results.
• 🌡️ The results show that the glass with pure water has the most condensation, indicating the highest vapor pressure.
• 🔬 The presence of dissolved substances in a solvent lowers the vapor pressure due to increased intermolecular forces.
• 📉 As the concentration of the solute increases, the vapor pressure of the solution decreases.
• 🎥 An animation is provided to illustrate the process of vaporization and the effect of solutes on vapor pressure.

Q & A

What is the main topic of the video script?

The main topic of the video script is a simple experiment on the reduction of vapor pressure.

Who is the speaker in the video script?

The speaker is Melanie, a student from the Faculty of Chemical Education at UIN Sunan Kalijaga, Yogyakarta.

What is the purpose of the experiment described in the script?

The purpose of the experiment is to determine the effect of adding a solute on the vapor pressure of a solution.

What materials are used in the experiment?

The materials used in the experiment include three glasses, three glass covers, a spoon, water, sugar, salt, and a baby bottle to measure the water.

How much water is added to each glass in the experiment?

100 milliliters of water is added to each glass.

What solutes are added to the glasses and in what quantity?

One spoonful of salt is added to the second glass, and one spoonful of sugar is added to the third glass.

What is observed after the experiment is conducted for a day?

It is observed that the glass with pure water has the most vapor, the glass with saltwater has less, and the glass with sugar water has a moderate amount of vapor.

What does the observation indicate about the vapor pressure of the solutions?

The observation indicates that the vapor pressure of pure water is higher than that of the sugar and salt solutions, with the sugar solution having a higher vapor pressure than the salt solution.

Why does water adhere to the glass cover?

Water adheres to the glass cover due to the process of evaporation and the presence of vapor pressure within the closed container.

What causes the difference in the amount of water droplets on the covers of the glasses with different solutions?

The difference is caused by the varying intermolecular forces between the solute and solvent molecules, with pure water having weaker intermolecular forces leading to faster evaporation and more water droplets.

What conclusion can be drawn from the experiment regarding the effect of solutes on vapor pressure?

The conclusion drawn from the experiment is that the presence of solutes in a solvent causes a reduction in vapor pressure, known as Raoult's Law.

What additional aid is provided to help understand the process of evaporation?

An animation is provided to illustrate the process of evaporation, showing the difference between pure water and a solution with a solute.