ENGLISH 9: CONDITIONALS
Summary
TLDRIn this educational video, Teacher Ellen Jane Sierra Gaza from Hawaiian City National High School guides Grade 9 students through English conditionals, explaining their structures and uses. She covers zero, first, second, and third conditionals, illustrating each with examples and activities. The session explores real and hypothetical situations, helping students understand how to express abilities, possibilities, and obligations clearly. The lesson concludes with a quiz to reinforce learning, emphasizing the importance of daydreaming as a creative outlet during quarantine.
Takeaways
- đ The lesson is focused on understanding and using modal verbs and conditionals in English.
- đŁïž Teacher Ellen Jane Sierra Gaza from Hawaiian City National High School is the instructor for this learning session.
- đ Modal verbs express different concepts such as ability (can, could), possibility (may, might), permission (may, can, could, will, would), and obligation (must, have to).
- đ« 'Mustn't' is used to express prohibition.
- đ Daydreaming is described as a series of pleasant thoughts about preferable activities or future achievements, which can be real or imaginary.
- âïž Daydreams may include unrealistic scenarios like flying to the moon or meeting celebrities.
- đą Conditionals are categorized into four types: Zero, First, Second, and Third, each with a specific structure and use case.
- đ Zero conditionals describe universal truths and habits, using 'if' or 'when' followed by present simple tense in both clauses.
- đź First conditionals are used for predictions, plans, and possible future outcomes, structured as 'if' or 'when' plus present simple, then 'will' or 'going to' plus verb.
- đ€ Second conditionals are for hypothetical and unlikely situations, following the 'if' plus simple past, 'would' plus verb structure.
- đ Third conditionals reflect on past unreal situations and their consequences, using 'if' plus past perfect, 'would have' plus past participle.
- đ The lesson includes an activity where students construct sentences based on pictures using the four types of conditionals.
- đ A quiz is provided at the end of the lesson to test students' understanding of the conditionals covered.
- đ The benefits of daydreaming are mentioned, such as stress relief and problem-solving, but it's advised to do it in moderation.
Q & A
What is the main topic of the video script?
-The main topic of the video script is the explanation and use of conditionals in English, including zero, first, second, and third conditionals.
Who is the speaker in the script?
-The speaker in the script is Teacher Ellen Jane Sierra Gaza from Hawaiian City National High School.
What are modal verbs used to express in sentences?
-Modal verbs are used to express ability, possibility, prohibition, permission, and obligation in sentences.
Which modal verbs are used to express ability according to the script?
-The modal verbs used to express ability are 'can' and 'could'.
What is the structure of a zero conditional sentence?
-The structure of a zero conditional sentence is 'if or when' plus present simple, plus present simple.
What does the first conditional express?
-The first conditional expresses predictions, plans, offers, promises, suggestions, and warnings about possible future outcomes.
What is the difference between 'if' and 'when' in conditional sentences?
-The difference between 'if' and 'when' is that 'if' is used when there is a chance that the action might happen, while 'when' is used when the action is certain to happen.
What is the structure of a second conditional sentence?
-The structure of a second conditional sentence is 'if' plus simple past, 'would' plus verb.
What does the third conditional express?
-The third conditional is used to express hypothetical or unreal situations in the past and their imagined past consequences.
What is the purpose of the activity involving pictures in the script?
-The purpose of the activity involving pictures is to practice constructing sentences using the four types of conditionals based on the images provided.
What is the final advice given by the teacher regarding daydreaming?
-The final advice is that daydreaming is okay and has benefits such as reducing stress and helping problem-solving, but it should be done in moderation as excess of anything is not good.
Outlines
đ Introduction to Conditionals in English Grammar
Teacher Ellen Jane Sierra Gaza introduces the lesson on conditionals, emphasizing their importance in expressing ability, possibility, prohibition, permission, and obligation in English. She reviews modal verbs and their uses, then leads into a discussion about daydreaming as a form of escapism during quarantine. The paragraph concludes with an introduction to conditional sentence structures, highlighting the 'if' clause and its role in setting conditions for hypothetical situations.
đ Understanding the Types of Conditionals
This paragraph delves into the different types of conditionals: zero, first, second, and third. Each conditional is explained with its respective clause structure, distinguishing between real and unreal conditions. The zero conditional is associated with permanent truths and habits, while the first conditional addresses possible future outcomes. The second and third conditionals explore hypothetical situations in the present/future and past, respectively, with examples provided to illustrate their usage.
đ Zero and First Conditionals: Facts and Predictions
The distinction between zero and first conditionals is clarified, with zero conditionals describing general truths and habits, and first conditionals dealing with predictions and plans for the future. Examples are given to demonstrate the subtle differences in meaning between these two types of conditionals, emphasizing the importance of context in determining which to use.
đ Second and Third Conditionals: Hypothetical Situations
The focus shifts to second and third conditionals, which are used for hypothetical and unreal situations. The second conditional is exemplified by situations that are unlikely to occur, while the third conditional is used to express regrets or past unrealized actions and their potential outcomes. The structure of these conditionals is outlined, and examples are provided to illustrate their application in expressing imaginary scenarios.
đš Interactive Activity with Conditionals
An interactive activity is introduced where students are prompted to construct sentences using the four types of conditionals based on provided pictures. This activity aims to reinforce the understanding of conditionals through practical application. The paragraph concludes with the teacher's attempt to guess the sentences students might have formed, providing a playful and engaging conclusion to the lesson.
đ Quiz and Conclusion of the Lesson
The lesson concludes with a quiz to test students' understanding of the four conditionals, with examples of sentences to be completed. The teacher provides answers and explains the type of each conditional used in the quiz. A final reminder about the benefits of daydreaming in moderation is given, and the session ends with an encouragement to continue learning and a farewell message.
Mindmap
Keywords
đĄModal Verbs
đĄDaydreaming
đĄConditionals
đĄZero Conditional
đĄFirst Conditional
đĄSecond Conditional
đĄThird Conditional
đĄImperative Sentences
đĄHabitual Actions
đĄSubjunctive Mood
đĄEducational Engagement
Highlights
Introduction to the lesson on modal verbs and their functions in sentences.
Explanation of modal verbs expressing ability, possibility, permission, prohibition, and obligation.
Review of the previous lesson on the use of modal verbs in different contexts.
Discussion on daydreaming as a form of mental escape during quarantine.
Engagement with students through guessing their daydreams and aspirations.
Introduction to conditionals and their structure in English sentences.
Explanation of Zero Conditional with examples of permanent truths and general habits.
Differentiation between 'if' and 'when' in conditional sentences.
Real-life examples of Zero Conditional used in instructions and habits.
Introduction to First Conditional for talking about possible future events.
Examples of First Conditional used in predictions, plans, and warnings.
Clarification on the difference between Zero and First Conditionals.
Explanation of Second Conditional for hypothetical and unlikely situations.
Examples of Second Conditional used in imaginary scenarios and hypothetical questions.
Introduction to Third Conditional for talking about past unreal situations and their outcomes.
Examples of Third Conditional used to express regrets and past hypothetical outcomes.
Interactive activity where students construct sentences using the four types of conditionals.
Quiz time to test students' understanding of the four conditionals.
Conclusion of the lesson with a reminder of the benefits of daydreaming in moderation.
Closing remarks encouraging continuous learning and safety.
Transcripts
[Music]
hi there grade 9 learners i'm so glad to
be with you this learning session
welcome to our school on air in english
9.
i am teacher ellen jane sierra gaza from
hawaiian city national high school main
campus schools division of coin city
i am your teacher throughout this
learning episode so please don't go away
and stay with me until the end okay
how are you today dear learners i hope
you're doing great in your studies
are you bored already staying home
before we begin with today's lecture let
us first have a short review about the
previous lesson we had which was about
models and their functions in sentences
a model is a type of auxiliary helping
verb that is used to express ability
possibility
prohibition permission or obligation
models express ability
are can and could
while may and might express possibility
the modal verbs that express permission
are the following
may
can
could
will and would
meanwhile the word masen expresses
prohibition
and lastly models expressing obligation
are the words must
have to and o2
do always remember to use models
properly to tell exactly you want to
convey or express
before we start our new lesson for today
we ask you something
have you done daydreaming
daydreaming comes from the word daydream
it is a series of pleasant thoughts
about something you would prefer to be
doing
or something you would like to achieve
in the future
it may be something real or just
imaginary events or situations
well i know during this period of
quarantine
many of our usual pastimes are
unavailable to us
and daydreaming has become a welcome
skate i know this for sure
how about you my dear learners
what do you they dream
let me guess
maybe you are thinking about the
following
if you have wings
you will fly to the moon and have fun
this sounds so interesting doesn't it
i myself also daydream to fly to the
moon like needle
the first american astronaut to land
onto it
what a great moment it would be
let me have another guess
some of you might be thinking
if you visit south korea you will watch
bts and long peak concerts
did i guess them right
i know many of you are so in love with
these k-pop groups from south korea am i
correct
some of you are also dying to see some
big stars in korean movie industry like
hyundai
park bogo seong haikyuu and many more
okay let's guess
you might be dreaming about this
if you have super power
you will eliminate covet 19 virus
this is so great isn't it
what kind of power do you want to
possess then
a well may be like cyclops of x-men who
emits powerful beams of energy from his
eyes
definitely that could kill the deadly
virus in an instant
my dear learners let's go back to the
statements i mentioned a while ago
sentence number one
if you have wings
you will fly to the moon and have fun
sentence number two
if you visit korea
you will watch bts and blank pink
concerts
in sentence number three if you have
super power
you will eliminate covet 19 virus
what do you notice about the sentence
construction of each statement
that's right
each sentence
starts with the word if
and it has two main clauses
we call this as conditionals
stay with me and let us learn together
as we explore the world of conditionals
hey you ready
so find a calming place to stay and lend
me your ears alright
[Music]
learning to use conditionals
helps you to express yourself clearly
and really be creative in english
conditionals may be
real or unreal
real conditionals used to talk about
what do you normally do in real life
situations
while and real conditionals are
conditions that are not real
imaginary or unlikely to happen
okay i'm going to begin with the
overview of conditionals
we have four conditionals
zero conditional
first conditional
second conditional
and the third conditional
each conditional has an if clause and a
main clause
the structure of a zero conditional is
very simple
if or when
plus present simple
plus present simple
the sentence formation of the first
conditional is this
if or when
plus present simple
plus
will or one less verb
next is the second conditional which
follows this pattern
if plus simple pass
would plus verve
and lastly the third conditional with
this pattern
if
plus past perfect
would have
plus past participle
the if clause is the condition
and the main clause is the result or
outcome
example
if i see taylor swift
i will take a picture with her
very conditional used to talk about
permanent truths such as scientific
facts instructions and general habits
zurich conditional is also called the
factual or the real conditional because
we use it to talk about truths and facts
things that are in real world
we also use it to talk about habits
rules and to give instructions that are
results of something happening first
so in other words if this happens
then this is the result
simple as that
you want more examples
here are they
if you heat water to 100 degrees celsius
it boils
if you eat ice
it
melts see
they are facts
they stitch it right
and they follow the sentence structure
of a zero conditional sentence
if or when
plus present simple plus present simple
aside from the word if we can use the
word when as a replacement because boss
are pretty similar in meaning
we can say when you heat water to 100
degrees celsius it boils
when you hit ice
it melts
awesome right
we use if when there is a chance that
the action will happen but it might not
happen as well
if does happen then we know the exact
results will be
example
if we eat fruits and vegetables
i feel fit and healthy
there is a chance this might happen
because we do not exactly know
if we can eat fruits and vegetables
daily
but if we are so sure that the action
will happen
then we are going to use when
we might not be very sure when the
action will happen
but we are sure that it will be going to
happen
okay examples when i eat fruits and
vegetables i feel fit and healthy
when she goes to the gym to exercise
she feels stronger
specific time does not matter but we
know the action will take place
back to forming zero conditionals
let us look on this few examples here
if you hit ice it melts
if it rains the grass gets wet
these are all facts right
how about this sentence
if it's hot
turn on the air conditioner
what kind of sentence is this
you are correct still this is azure
conditional in form
since it has the condition and the
result
this is an example of a conditional
giving instruction
it is an imperative
i am distracting you to do something on
a particular situation
take a look at this next example
if i drink i do not drive
tell me
what does this zero conditional express
you write again this one expresses a
habit that if you get drunk definitely
it is a rule that you must not be
driving
there is a habit something you do always
how about if we use zero conditional to
talk about rules
how does it go
you have to study this example
if children swim in the pool
parents watch over them
you see
it has two clauses
the if clause
and the main clause
now let's move to the first conditional
or we call it the possible conditional
here we are not talking about facts
anymore
okay
these are things that are absolutely
true
we are talking about
possible future results
many of us might be thinking about the
future
what might be the results of our actions
today
sounds very interesting
we use the first conditional to talk
about
predictions
superstitions
plans
offers
promises
suggestions and
warnings
wow this is so overwhelming that there
are a lot that we can use in the first
conditional
so
all of this is speak about what likely
to happen in the future as future
results or outcomes
in here we are not using the present
simple tense anymore since we are now
talking about the future
it means
if this happens
this will likely happen
simple as that take a closer look at
these examples
if you come to the party i will be very
happy
it is possible that you will come to the
party
in this condition i will be
very happy
if i get a good job i will buy a car
it is possible that i will get a good
job
so in this case
i will buy a car
you see
these sentences talk about real
possibilities in the future
this sentences follow the pattern
if or when
plus present simple plus will or one
plus verb
just like in zero conditional we can
still use
the word if or when
and it depends on how sure we are that
something might be going to happen
when
tells us that we are so confident that
the action is going to happen
and the main clause is most likely the
outcome
example
if you eat a lot you will gain weight
definitely possible if someone eats more
than his body needs
for sure extra weight will be added to
him or her
so we are done talking about zero
conditional and the first conditional
but
what is their difference
and why would you choose one over the
other
now let's take a closer look on these
two examples
if you leave the milk out
it spoils
if you leave the milk out
it will spoil
do you find them confusing
how they are different in meaning
which one is correct
they are both correct
the first is e0 conditional and the
other one is first conditional
as you have noticed in their forms but
they mean not the same
in the first sentence
it stays a general suit or fact that if
you leave the milk out the bridge
it spoils
while in the second sentence it tells
about the current situation and its
possible outcome
that if we
leave the milk out in the fridge it will
spoil
so
it is just like a warning about a
present situation
now let's proceed to the second
conditional
second conditional is used in situations
actions in the present or future
which are not likely to happen or are
imaginary
hypothetical or impossible
example
if i won the lorry i would travel around
the world and buy a castle
this is unlikely to win already right
it is possible but definitely unlikely
to happen
now let's go back again how does a
second conditional look like i'm mean
the sentence formation
if
plus simple pass
would
plus verb
so easy to follow right
let us have an example
if i were the president i would lower
taxes
is this something that will unlikely to
happen
then this is a good example of second
conditional
in here
the if clause is the condition
we are talking about hypothetical
situation here right
the result suggests what if
if he becomes the president which is
something very impossible to happen
this is just an imagination
we can also use conditionals to ask
hypothetical questions to ask
to imagine
what he would do in a different
situation
so the situations are not real
but very fun to ask such questions
if you want million dollars would you
travel around the world
if you only had one day to live on earth
what would you do
see how fun these questions can be
now try to answer the questions for fun
if you want million dollars would you
travel around the world
if you only had one day to live on earth
what would you do
for me if i won million dollars i would
travel around the world with my loved
ones
if i had only one day to live i would
make it very meaningful by doing the
things i had never done before
how about you
send me your answers later okay
second conditional you usually imagine
what would you do if you are in that
situation
say for example
if i were you
i would tell my parents about the
bullying that happened to me in school
in my example you might be wondering why
i use where with the subject i
the reason we use where instead of was
is because the sentence is in the
subjunctive mode which is used for
imaginary situations
it also expresses a reason why you can't
do something
for example
if i had the money i would lend it to
you
you don't need to explain yourself any
further because this sentence already
explained that you don't have
now let's proceed to the last
conditional on the list
the third conditional
just like the previously discussed
conditionals the third conditional has
two clauses
the if clause and the main clause
this one talks about a pass but not a
true pass but
an unreal pass
sounds intriguing right
we use this to imagine in the past and
imagine our results in the past
let us study these examples
if she had driven carefully
she would not have met an accident
if he had studied he would have passed
the exam
these sentences follow the pattern
if plus past perfect would plus half
plus past participle
so based on the examples we may say that
the third conditionals are used to show
regrets about the past
things that we could change something in
the past
or
tell someone the things he did in the
past
in the third conditional we can replace
the word would have into other modal
verbs like might and could
use might to show possibility or
probability
example
if he studied more
she might have passed
you see
third conditional is used to express the
past consequences of an unrealistic
action or situation in the past
alright we are done now discussing the
use of the four conditionals in various
situations either real or imaginary
now let us have an enjoyable activity
this time
i am going to show you pictures
you have to construct sentences using
the four conditionals based on the
pictures okay
get your pen and peep right now
are you ready
so let us start
[Music]
so
[Music]
[Music]
[Music]
[Applause]
[Music]
[Music]
i know there that you have constructed
correct sentences
so let me guess what you have formed
number one
if the sun sets
it gets dark
number two
if the policeman catches the thief
he will go to jail
number three
if you leave the fruit under the sun it
shrinks
number four
if i meet queen elizabeth in london i
would hug her tight
and lastly
if i had not missed the bus i might have
attended daniel padilla's concert
with your students do you have exact
sentences
or do we have almost the same sentences
yes congratulations you did it well
so i assume that everything is clear and
well understood
and now it's quiz time let us check your
understanding about our lesson for today
so
grab a pen and paper for your answers
complete the conditional sentences below
write the correct form of the verb in
the parenthesis
number one
if we violate health protocols
the virus
belongs rapidly
number two
if plants don't have water
sunlight and soil
they
blank
number three if you mix hydrogen and
oxygen
you blank water
number four if we blank early
we blank kylie jenner
and lastly number five
if i blank the answer
i blank it to you
shall we check now your answers
number one
will spread
the sentence is an example of
first conditional
number two die the sentence
is a zero conditional
number three form
another example of
zero conditional
number four
head
would have seen
this is under the third conditional
and number five
nu
would tell
this is on the second conditional
i hope in this episode you have clearly
visualized the difference among the four
conditionals as their forms and meanings
and sentences
remember with those slight changes in
sentences mean big difference in the
sentences context
right dear learners today dream is okay
because it has benefits in the different
aspects of life like lessening stress
and anxiety
helping you solve problems
and helping you reach your goals and
more
but remember you have to do it in
moderation because
everything in excess is not good at all
that ends our session for today if you
still have questions and clarifications
please don't hesitate to ask your
english teachers
indeed today we have learned many great
insights
watch out for another learning episode
of our lesson in english nine here on
our school on air
this has been teacher ellen jane saying
never stop learning because life never
stops teaching
keep safe and god bless bye
[Music]
you
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