Solubility Curves | Properties of Matter | Chemistry | FuseSchool
Summary
TLDRThis educational video script delves into the concept of solubility, particularly solubility curves, which illustrate the solubility of salts in water across various temperatures. It compares copper sulfate, a blue, highly soluble salt, with potassium sulfate, a white, less soluble one. The script explains that solubility generally increases with temperature and demonstrates how to read solubility curves to determine the solubility of a salt at specific temperatures. It also touches on the idea of saturated and supersaturated solutions, highlighting the dynamic nature of solubility in relation to temperature.
Takeaways
- đ Solubility curves are graphical representations that show how the solubility of a salt changes with temperature.
- đĄïž Solubility generally increases with an increase in temperature for most salts.
- đ§ The solubility of a salt is measured in grams per 100 grams of water at a specific temperature.
- đ” Copper(II) sulfate is more soluble in water than potassium sulfate, as indicated by its higher solubility curve.
- đ Solubility curves allow us to determine the solubility of a salt at any given temperature by reading the graph.
- đ To find solubility at a specific temperature, draw a vertical line to the solubility curve and then a horizontal line to the Y-axis.
- đĄïž At 90°C, approximately 68 grams of copper(II) sulfate are soluble in 100 grams of water.
- đĄïž At 60°C, about 18 grams of potassium sulfate are soluble in 100 grams of water.
- đ A saturated solution is one in which the maximum amount of solute has been dissolved at a given temperature.
- đ Cooling a saturated solution can lead to supersaturation, where the solution contains more solute than can be dissolved, potentially causing crystals to form.
Q & A
What is the main topic discussed in the video script?
-The main topic discussed in the video script is the concept of solubility, particularly focusing on solubility curves, which are graphical representations of the solubility of a certain salt over a temperature range.
What are the two salts compared in the script, and how do their solubilities differ?
-The two salts compared are copper(II) sulfate and potassium sulfate. Copper(II) sulfate is found to be more soluble in water than potassium sulfate at the same temperature.
How is the solubility of a salt typically measured?
-The solubility of a salt is usually measured in grams of salt that can be dissolved in 100 grams of water.
Does solubility increase or decrease with temperature, according to the script?
-According to the script, solubility usually increases with increasing temperature.
What is a solubility curve, and how can it be used to determine the solubility of a salt at a specific temperature?
-A solubility curve is a graph that shows how much of a given salt can dissolve in 100 grams of water at various temperatures. It can be used to find the solubility of a salt at a specific temperature by drawing a vertical line from the temperature on the X-axis to the curve, and then a horizontal line to the Y-axis to find the solubility value.
What is the solubility of copper(II) sulfate at 90°C according to the script?
-The solubility of copper(II) sulfate at 90°C is approximately 68 grams per 100 grams of water.
What is the solubility of potassium sulfate at 60°C, as suggested by the script?
-The solubility of potassium sulfate at 60°C is approximately 18 grams per 100 grams of water.
What is a saturated solution, and what happens if it cools down?
-A saturated solution is a solution in which the maximum amount of a certain salt is fully dissolved, and no more solute can dissolve. If a saturated solution cools down, it may become supersaturated, leading to some of the solute crystallizing or coming out of the solution.
What is a supersaturated solution, and how does it differ from a saturated solution?
-A supersaturated solution is a solution that contains more solute than the maximum amount that can dissolve at a given temperature. It differs from a saturated solution in that a saturated solution is at the point where no more solute can dissolve, while a supersaturated solution has excess solute that can crystallize out when conditions change, such as cooling.
What physical properties are similar to solubility, as mentioned in the script?
-The script mentions that solubility, like melting point and boiling point, is a physical property of a substance.
Why is it important to understand solubility curves when studying the behavior of salts in water?
-Understanding solubility curves is important because it allows us to predict and compare the solubility of different salts at various temperatures, which is crucial for various scientific and industrial processes.
Outlines
đ Solubility Basics and Curves
This paragraph introduces the concept of solubility, explaining that it is a physical property of substances, similar to melting and boiling points. It discusses how solubility can be measured in grams of salt per 100 grams of water and how different salts have varying solubility levels. The paragraph also highlights the relationship between solubility and temperature, noting that solubility generally increases with rising temperature. The concept of solubility curves is introduced as a graphical representation of solubility over a range of temperatures, using copper sulfate and potassium sulfate as examples to illustrate differences in solubility.
đ Comparing Solubility of Salts
The paragraph compares the solubility of copper sulfate and potassium sulfate, emphasizing that copper sulfate is more soluble in water than potassium sulfate. It explains how to read a solubility curve to determine the solubility of a salt at a specific temperature, using the example of finding the solubility of copper sulfate at 90°C. The paragraph also explains how to find the solubility of potassium sulfate at 60°C, providing an interactive challenge for the viewer to engage with the material. The concept of a saturated solution is introduced, where no more solute can dissolve, and the potential for a saturated solution to become supersaturated upon cooling is discussed.
Mindmap
Keywords
đĄSolubility
đĄSalts
đĄSolubility Curves
đĄCopper Sulfate
đĄPotassium Sulfate
đĄTemperature
đĄSaturated Solution
đĄSupersaturated Solution
đĄPhysical Property
đĄGrams of Salt per 100 G of Water
đĄCrystallize
Highlights
Solubility curves graphically represent the solubility of a salt over a temperature range.
Copper(II) sulfate is more soluble in water than potassium sulfate at equal temperatures.
Solubility is a physical property of a substance, similar to melting and boiling points.
Solubility is typically measured in grams of salt per 100g of water.
Solubility generally increases with increasing temperature.
More of a salt can dissolve in hotter water compared to cooler water.
Solubility curves allow for the determination of solubility at specific temperatures.
At 90°C, approximately 68g of copper(II) sulfate is soluble in 100g of water.
At 60°C, about 18g of potassium sulfate is soluble in 100g of water.
A saturated solution contains the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve at a given temperature.
Cooling a saturated solution can lead to the formation of a supersaturated solution.
In a supersaturated solution, solute may crystallize out of the solution.
Solubility curves are a useful tool for comparing the solubility of different salts.
The solubility of copper(II) sulfate is consistently higher than that of potassium sulfate across all temperatures.
Understanding solubility curves is crucial for predicting and comparing solubility behaviors.
The solubility of a substance can be influenced by various factors including temperature.
Practical applications of solubility curves include predicting solubility in industrial and laboratory settings.
Transcripts
[Music]
we have learned about the solubility
rules in a different lesson these rules
help us predict whether or not a salt is
soluble in water for salts that are
soluble in water some are more soluble
than others at a given temperature in
this this lesson we will learn about
solubility curves which is a graphical
representation of the solubility of a
certain salt over a temperature range if
we were to compare copper 2 sulfate and
potassium sulfate we will find that one
is bright blue and the other is white if
we try to dissolve them in water of
equal temperature we will find that
copper 2 sulfate is a lot more soluble
than potassium sulfate in other words
copper 2 sulfate Fate has a higher
solubility in water this is actually a
physical property of a substance much
like a substance melting point and
boiling point the solubility of a salt
is usually measured as grams of salt per
let's say 100 G of water here is a
challenge for you do you think
solubility increases or decreases with
temperature pause think and continue
when you have an answer
the answer is that solubility usually
increases with increasing temperature so
if we dissolved copper 2 sulfate and
potassium sulfate in hotter water we
will find that more of each salt is able
to dissolve this observation is only
applicable to a solid dissolving in a
liquid we can measure how much of a
given salt can dissolve in 100 G of
water at a certain temperature
we can plot solubility as a function of
temperature to give a solubility curve
here are solubility curves for copper 2
sulfate and potassium
sulfate we can see that for all
temperatures copper 2 sulfate is more
soluble than potassium sulfate from a
solubility curve it is also possible to
find solubility at a certain
temperature let's say we wanted to find
the solubility
of copper 2 sulfate at 90° C take a
ruler and draw a vertical line starting
at The X AIS at 90° C until it reaches
the curve then draw a horizontal line
from the point on the curve until it
reaches the Y AIS at 90° C approximately
68 G of copper 2 sulfate is soluble in
100 G of water to compare at the same
temperature
only 24 G of potassium sulfate would be
soluble in
water using the provided graph try to
find the solubility of potassium sulfate
at 60° C pause try and continue when
ready if your answer is around 18 G of
potassium sulfate per 100 G of water
then you would be
correct when a maximum amount of a
certain salt is fully dissolved
the resulting solution is known as a
saturated solution in a saturated
solution no more solute is able to
dissolve if we took this saturated
solution and let it cool it would become
a super saturated solution this means
that there is more solute than the
maximum amount able to dissolve when
this happens some of the solute May
crystallize or come out of
solution
e
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