How A Poor Boy Built A 2000Cr Dairy Company And Beat Giants: Business Case Study
Summary
TLDRThe script narrates the inspiring journey of Satish Kumar, a 17-year-old entrepreneur who, despite having no capital or brand value, built a 2,000 CR dairy business, Milky Mist, in a competitive Indian market. It highlights the importance of value addition to escape price wars, building trust with farmers, and creating a robust cold chain logistics system to ensure product quality and supply consistency. The story emphasizes the power of conscious capitalism and strategic partnerships in business success.
Takeaways
- 🚀 Satish Kumar, a 17-year-old with no capital or backing, built a 2000 CR dairy business in a highly competitive industry.
- 🥛 The dairy industry is extremely challenging due to the perishable nature of milk and slim profit margins.
- 🌊 Amul's Operation Flood transformed India into a milk surplus country, setting the stage for intense competition in the dairy sector.
- 🔑 Satish identified value addition as a strategy to escape the low-margin trap of commoditized milk by creating products like paneer and ghee.
- 📈 By adding value to milk, Milky Mist increased its profit margins significantly, from less than 5% to over 35% for certain products.
- 🛒 Satish targeted high-quality conscious customers by starting with five-star hotels and then expanding to kirana stores.
- 🧊 Milky Mist addressed the lack of refrigeration by providing chillers to retailers and implementing chilling technologies in their delivery trucks.
- 🚚 The company built its own cold storage supply chain to maintain quality control, which was crucial for their perishable products.
- 🤝 Milky Mist won farmer loyalty by addressing their pressing issues, such as access to loans, animal healthcare, and education on modern farming practices.
- 💡 Key business lessons include the importance of value addition to commodities, collaborating with partners for mutual benefit, and maintaining quality control over logistics.
Q & A
What challenges did a 17-year-old Satish Kumar face when he started in the dairy industry?
-Satish faced challenges such as having no money, no brand value, and no investor backing in a highly competitive and brutal industry with perishable products and low margins.
How did the 'Operation Flood' impact the dairy industry in India?
-'Operation Flood' was the world's largest dairy development program that transformed India from a milk-deficient country to the world's largest milk producer, creating a collective platform for farmers to sell directly to dairies.
What were the three major problems Satish identified in his family's milk selling business?
-The three problems were: low margins due to no value addition to milk, a short shelf life of milk requiring quick dispatch, and logistical issues that hindered business expansion.
How did Satish Kumar's strategy of value addition help Milky Mist?
-By turning milk into products like paneer and ghee, Satish was able to increase the product margins significantly, escape price wars, and make the business viable.
What advantages did Milky Mist gain by selling paneer and ghee?
-The advantages included reduced competition, increased margins, and an extended shelf life for their products, which helped in making the business more sustainable.
How did the economic reforms of 1991 affect the dairy market in India?
-The reforms led to an increase in per capita income and a more affluent middle class, which in turn increased the demand for protein-rich foods like paneer, benefiting brands like Milky Mist.
What were the three major challenges Milky Mist faced in the market apart from producing and selling paneer?
-The challenges were the fragmented supply of milk from farmers, the lack of loyalty from farmers due to no contracts, and the inconsistent quality of milk due to poor farmer education.
How did Milky Mist address the issue of farmer loyalty?
-Milky Mist addressed this by providing loans, 24/7 animal care helplines, cattle feed at zero profit, and education on the latest technology to help farmers increase their income.
What solutions did Milky Mist implement to overcome logistical and refrigeration challenges?
-Milky Mist provided chillers to retailers, installed chilling technologies in their delivery trucks, and built a cold storage supply chain to ensure product quality and extend shelf life.
Why did Milky Mist decide to bring logistics in-house instead of outsourcing?
-Bringing logistics in-house allowed Milky Mist to maintain control over product quality and efficiency, which could be compromised with outsourcing.
What are the key business lessons learned from the rise of Satish and Milky Mist?
-The lessons include the importance of value addition to escape price wars, collaborating with partners to increase profit margins, and the potential benefits of in-housing logistics for quality control.
Outlines
🚀 Entrepreneurship in the Dairy Industry
This paragraph introduces the story of Satish Kumar, a 17-year-old entrepreneur who, despite having no capital or brand recognition, managed to build a 2,000 CR dairy business called Milky Mist. The narrative sets the stage by highlighting the challenges of the milk industry, including its perishability and slim profit margins. It also provides historical context about the Indian dairy industry's transformation through Operation Flood, which turned India into the world's largest milk producer. The story emphasizes the lack of resources Satish had compared to established brands and cooperatives, setting the tone for the business strategies he employed to achieve success.
🛠️ Value Addition as a Business Strategy
The second paragraph delves into the business strategy of value addition that Satish employed to escape the low-margin trap of commoditized milk. It illustrates the concept with the example of rice and its transformation into idli batter and idlis, showing how value addition can significantly increase profit margins. The summary explains how Milky Mist applied this strategy by converting milk into paneer and ghee, which not only increased their profit margins but also reduced competition and extended the shelf life of their products. The paragraph also discusses the challenges of the Indian dairy market at the time, including the lack of refrigeration and the fragmented nature of milk production.
🤝 Building Trust with Farmers
This paragraph discusses the challenges Milky Mist faced in securing a consistent and high-quality milk supply from fragmented sources and the innovative solutions they implemented. Satish tackled the issue of farmer loyalty by addressing their pressing problems, such as lack of loans, unreliable animal care, and lack of knowledge about modern farming techniques. Milky Mist provided solutions like securing loans, establishing a 24/7 animal care helpline, offering cattle feed at zero profit, and educating farmers about the latest technology. This approach not only won the loyalty of the farmers but also ensured a consistent supply of high-quality milk, demonstrating the power of collaboration over extraction in business partnerships.
🚚 Overcoming Logistics and Refrigeration Hurdles
The fourth paragraph describes the logistical challenges Milky Mist faced in distributing paneer to kirana stores, including the lack of refrigeration in trucks and stores, and the short shelf life of paneer. The company addressed these issues by providing chillers to retailers and installing chilling technologies in their delivery trucks, effectively building a cold storage supply chain. The decision to manage logistics in-house, despite the higher initial cost, allowed Milky Mist to maintain control over product quality and efficiency. The paragraph also highlights the importance of owning the logistics process to ensure product freshness and the strategic use of return logistics to offset transportation costs.
🏆 Lessons from Milky Mist's Success
The final paragraph wraps up the story by summarizing the key business lessons learned from Satish Kumar and Milky Mist's journey. It emphasizes the importance of turning commodities into value-added products to escape price wars, the benefits of collaborating with partners to increase profit margins, and the potential downsides of outsourcing when it compromises quality and efficiency. The summary concludes by acknowledging the contributions of Satish and his team and inviting viewers to share their thoughts and messages.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Legendary Brand
💡Commoditization
💡Value Addition
💡Margins
💡Operation Flood
💡Shelf Life
💡Logistics
💡Supply Chain
💡Farmer Loyalty
💡Conscious Capitalism
💡Return Logistics
Highlights
The story of a 17-year-old boy, Satish Kumar, who built a 2,000 CR dairy business with no initial capital, brand value, or investor backing.
The milk industry's challenges, including perishability within 4 days, low margins, and the need for fast inventory movement.
Amul's pioneering role in the 'White Revolution' and the impact of Operation Flood on transforming India into the world's largest milk producer.
The disadvantages faced by Satish, including lack of money, technology, and brand recognition, compared to established milk brands and cooperatives.
The concept of value addition to escape commoditization and increase profit margins, illustrated through the transformation of rice to idli batter and idlis.
Milky Mist's strategy to turn milk into paneer, ghee, and other products to increase margins and differentiate from commoditized milk.
The advantages gained by Milky Mist, such as reduced competition, increased margins, and extended product shelf life.
The rise of paneer consumption in South India due to increased awareness of nutrition and protein among the growing middle class.
Challenges faced in the milk industry, including fragmented supply, farmer loyalty issues, and inconsistent milk quality.
Milky Mist's solutions for farmer loyalty, including providing loans, 24/7 animal care, and education on latest technology for increased milk quality and income.
The importance of collaborating with partners to deliver maximum value, as demonstrated by Milky Mist's approach to farmer relationships.
Milky Mist's initial market penetration through five-star hotels and the challenges of expanding to kirana stores due to refrigeration issues.
Innovative logistics solutions by Milky Mist, such as providing chillers to retailers and installing chilling technologies in transportation trucks.
The decision to bring logistics in-house to maintain quality control, despite the higher initial costs.
Building a return logistics system to reduce transportation costs and increase efficiency.
Lessons learned from Milky Mist's success, emphasizing the importance of value addition, partner collaboration, and maintaining quality control.
The transformation of Satish Kumar from an underestimated entrepreneur to the builder of a successful dairy brand.
The significance of conscious capitalism in building a sustainable and profitable business, as exemplified by Milky Mist.
Transcripts
hi everybody if you're someone who wants
to learn how to build a legendary brand
in a market full of sharks then this
episode is for you because the story
that I'm about to tell you today is the
story of a 17-year-old boy who had no
money no brand value and no investor
backing at all and yet he went on to
build a 2,000 CR Dair business and that
to in the presence of many giant
competitors now just so you know the
milk industry is one of the most brutal
Industries the country because your
product will perish in 4 days your
margins are hardly 3 to 5% and if you
don't move your inventory fast enough
you will be out of business in no time
secondly during that time amul was the
pioneer of the white revolution of India
so much so that in the 1960s if you look
at this graph we were importing 50,000
tons of milk powder but by 1990s we
became a net exporter of milk powder
operation flood which ran from 1970 to
in 1996 is the world's largest Dairy
development program where the farmers
would collectively decide their rates
and sell directly to the dairy this was
the birth of operation flood under the
newly formed National Dairy development
board the world's biggest Dairy
development program that transformed
India from milk deficiency into the
world's largest milk producer this was
the effect of the wide Revolution on
India so during this time all these milk
Brands and cooperatives had the perfect
recipe for Domination which were money
brand value and Technology whereas this
17-year-old boy neither had money nor
did he have the technology to scale his
business and let alone brand value
nobody even knew he even existed this
boy that I'm talking about is one of the
most underrated entrepreneurs of India
who goes by the name Satish Kumar and
the brand that he built is none other
than milky mist and today milky mist is
such a successful brand that they sell
2,000 crores worth of dairy products all
across India so in this episode today
ladies and Gentlemen let's go deep and
find out how did a 17-year-old boy carve
a space in the challenging Battlefield
of the Indian dairy industry what were
the business strategies that helped
Satish build a 2,000 CR company with
very less money and no investor backing
and what are the business lessons that
we need to learn from the rise of Satish
and milky
Mist this is story that dates back to
1992 when Satish Kumar was a 17-year-old
boy who had just dropped out of his
school and he joined his father's milk
business but very soon he realized that
their business was running into losses
and if he did not do anything about it
they would have to shut down their
business this is when he identified
three major problems in their milk
selling business firstly because there
was no value addition to milk they
couldn't charge High margins so they
barely made 30 PES to 1 rupee Max per
liter of milk sold so this this was a
margin of barely 3 to 5% and sometimes
they even had to sell milk at a loss
secondly milk had a shelf life of Just 2
days so they had to dispatch the milk
within 10 hours of milking so that they
could move their inventory at a profit
and thirdly because of this Logistics
was a nightmare and they could not
expand their business so they were
practically stuck in a stagnant Market
with a low margin business and with no
power of logistics at all then the
question is how did this boy turn milky
Mist into such a legendary company with
2,000 crores in Revenue well the first
thing they did was escape the
commoditization of milk with a strategy
of value addition now this seems like a
simple statement right but you know what
guys this statement has a very deep
meaning so hear me out this philosophy
of business says that the margin of your
product is usually directly proportional
to the value that you add to the product
let's take the example of rice if you
buy rice from a wholesaler and sell it
in the Market at 50 rupees a kg your
gross margin would be around 30% and
you'll make a 15 rupes profit out of it
but if you take rice and add 250 g of UR
Dal and grind it into a batter you can
make 3 cges of idly batter to make these
3 CES of batter you would need 50 rupees
worth of rice 40 rupees worth of urat
Dal and 20 rupes worth of other
materials so the input cost is 110
rupees but now at Standard Market rates
you can sell this batter in Mumbai at 80
rupees a kg so when you sell 3 kg of
batter you make 240 rupees now if you
see because of the value that you added
to rice with urat Dal and grinding your
margin has shot off from 30% to
54% and now if you turn this batter into
idy something magical happens again 3
kgs of batter will give you 20 idys per
kg and 60 idys in total and when you
turn it into idly it will cost you
another 20 rupees of input cost for
Chutney and other items per kg so the
total input put cost is 110 rupes plus
60 rupes which is 170 rupees right and
now if you sell a plate of three idlies
for 40 rupes a plate you can sell 20
plates of idys so the total revenue that
you generate is 40 into 20 equal to 800
rupe so now what's your gross margin
it's 800 - 170 which is 630 rupees or
78.75 so if you see the idiy that you're
selling is still made out of the same 1
kg bag of rice but your Revenue has
short up from 50 rupees to 800 rupees
and the gross margin it commands short
up from 30% to
78.75 so you see as you added value to
the commodity your margins shot up from
30% to 54% and then when you turn the
batter into idley by adding more value
the margins went up to
78% this is how ladies in German
companies turn a commodity into a high
margin product by value addition if this
is very very clear to you let's see how
milky Mist applied this philosophy to
milk you see milk is a commoditized
product with a profit margin of just 3
to 5% but what the founders of Milky
Mist did was they procured milk and
turned it into CD paneer and ghee and
this is where the magic of value
addition happened if you see this table
while the margin in milk is less than 5%
the moment you go to kurd the margins
jump to 20% with paneer it's around 20%
again but with higher cost with ghee it
goes to 22% and with ice cream it shoots
up to more than
35% so Sati saw that the root cause of
their business problems which were
margin Logistics and growth is nothing
but the milk itself but if he adds value
to milk suddenly the margins shoot up by
four to five times based on the products
he sells this is a reason why ladies and
gentlemen Satish started selling paneer
and ghee in the market and this gave
milky Mist three major advantages
firstly as they went from milk to paneer
the number of competitors in the space
reduced by a large extent in fact in
South India back then even cooperatives
were not bullish on paneer CD and ghee
type products secondly like we saw it
help them stretch their margins which
help them make their business viable and
lastly the beauty of value added milk
products is that as you go from milk to
paneer not just your gross margins
increase but also the shelf life of your
product increases so if you look at this
chart when you go from milk to ice cream
the shelf life of the product increases
from 7 days to 30 days to 6 months to
even one full year this is the reason
why milky Mist started selling CD and
paneer in the market and this teaches us
the first lesson in business which says
if you're in a commoditized market you
will end up killing your own margins
with prize wor but if you use value
addition you can escape the pricee wars
of the market and actually make a profit
coming back to our case study in the
southern part of India the consumption
of paneer was very less and it was
consumed only by rich people this was
partly because refrigerate of
penetration in India was less than 20%
in 1995 but in the late 1990s the 1991
globalization effects were seen all
across India 1991 was a landmark here
for India with economic reforms changing
the way we live work and spend money
it's a budget that's set to change the
path of the Indian economy is
we are in a phase of restructuring our
economy so markets opened up lots of
people got jobs and the per capita
income of India shot up so when the
middle class population of India became
more affluent they also became more
aware of nutrition and food and this is
when people started seeing paneer as an
important source of protein and as you
all know while the non-vegetarian have
chicken mutton and eggs vegetarians can
only have paneer and Tofu for protein
that's it this is the reason why
suddenly paneer started selling very
well in the South Indian market so this
looks perfect isn't it Satish found a
great market and a high margin product
which had less competitors so Satish
must have had a very easy time building
his business isn't it well absolutely
not because there were three more
challenges in the market which were way
more difficult than just producing and
selling paneer and cod so the question
is what were these problems and how did
saish tackle them firstly India's milk
source was extremely fragmented in fact
even today if you see it is so
fragmented that we have 7.5 lakh small
Dairy Farmers with an average of just
two cows or buffalos so you can imagine
how difficult the situation was in 1995
where there was no internet very less
highways and very less Logistics
infrastructure secondly the farmers
could not be bound by a contract to sell
milk only to one company because back
then then it was considered to be a
taboo of corporate control why because
we were a socialistic country where the
word business was an evil word but
funnily at the same time the Loyalty of
the farmers was such that tomorrow if
somebody paid them more money they would
happily sell their milk to that company
and they will just cut all ties with the
existing company so you as that milk
company might suddenly lose thousands of
liters in supply of milk so long story
short it was very difficult to win the
Loyalty of the farmers
the third challenge was inconsistent
quality of milk from different Farmers
this was because education was very less
amongst the farmers and they used to
feed unhygienic or not so nutritious
food to the cows that led to
inconsistent quality of milk so in short
supply was not guaranteed quality was
not guaranteed and Logistics was not
high class at all then the question is
how did they solve these problems well
the first challenge of scattered Supply
was solved by the location itself if you
see this map this is the EOD milk belt
for those those who don't know EOD is a
major milk producing City why because
Cav water was available to the citizens
of EOD in large quantities and because
of water agriculture prospered in this
region as a result good quality feed and
F were available and hence more cattle
was owned in EOD and the adjoining areas
this way milk procurement became a
little bit easier the second challenge
of farmer loyalty was soled in a
wonderful Way by Mist you know what they
did to win the Loyalty of the farmers
they ident ify the most pressing
problems in their life and became the
farmers Lifesaver and there were three
major problems that they solved for
number one was lack of loans this was
because the banks could not trust the
Farmers Credit worthiness secondly they
saw that the farmers had no reliable
source for animal care so as a farmer in
the middle of the night if your cow
collapsed you had nowhere to go no
doctor was available during emergency
and you just had no option but to let
your cow die and lastly the f farmers
were uneducated about the latest
technology in the market because of
which they were not able to increase
their income so milky Mist so these
problems immediately firstly they used
their Rao with the bank to give loans to
Farmers secondly they launched 24/7
Animal Care help line and give ready
access of doctors to Farmers at
subsidized rate so the farmers could
immediately seek help from these doctors
and keep their cattle in good health
cherry on the cake they even got them
cattle feed at zero profit so that the
farm Farmers could produce great quality
milk and thirdly they educated the
farmers about the latest technology and
even arranged financing so that the
farmers could produce more output and
eventually make more money and the best
part was that milky Mist paid Farmers on
a weekly basis so this say the farmers
had enough cash flow and they could take
home money and they did not face cash
Crunch and this payment today is done
digitally straight to their bank account
so that the banks could track their
income and their transactions and event
eventually they could increase the
farmers loan eligibility now you tell me
guys as a farmer if a company takes so
much efforts to pay you on time to take
care of your cattle to help you get a
loan and even takes the trouble to
educate you with no contract binding at
all my question to you is won't you be
loyal to that company this is how milky
Mist won the trust and loyalty of the
farmers without a written contract and
in return they again got three major
benefits they got high quality milk they
got consistent supply of milk and most
importantly they did not have to worry
about competitors stealing their farmers
and this teaches us the second lesson in
business which says while good companies
focus on extracting maximum value out of
their Partners to maximize their profit
margins great companies collaborate with
their Partners to help them deliver
maximum value and eventually end up
increasing their profit margins this is
one of the golden attributes of
conscious capitalism and if you remember
this philosophy of helping the partners
is what turned Japan from a wall tone
country into the second largest economy
in the world this is how ladies and
gentlemen milky Mist solve their supply
problem but now the question is they
were buying so much milk that is fine
but how did they manage to sell their
milk products and what did they do
different from their competition well
firstly they started with five star
hotels in Bangalore this is because five
star hotels have a very strict
regulations about p
for those who don't know five star
hotels have these strict regulations of
using high quality paneer which needs to
be stored between 0 to 4° espcially they
also need to have the perfect level of
consistency and quality of paneer so
while local vendors struggle to match
the quality milky Mist could fulfill all
their criteria this is how they got
their first set of customers but as you
all know the total addressable market
for festar hotels in India is too small
in the entire country even today we
barely have 324 F star hotels so this
was too small of a market for milky M to
make a hefty profit but at the same time
this was enough customer base to keep
them running this is the reason why they
stepped up their game and reached out to
Kira stores so again this looks very
simple right I mean what can be so
complicated about asking kirana stores
to sell your paneer which is a high
value
product well as it turns out milky Mist
encountered two more challenges number
one the kirana stores back then did not
have chillers to store the paneer for
more than 2 days and secondly the
transportation from Factory to the
kirana stores was a big big problem so
if you see the shelf life of paneer
without a refrigerator it's not even 2
days so if the trucks did not have
refrigeration and the Kira stores also
did not have refrigeration the company
only had 48 hours after manufacturing to
ship distribute and sell paneer at the
retailer and if the customer also does
not have a refrigerator it will get
spoiled within just one day so this was
a big big problem which was lack of
Refrigeration in trucks and Kira stores
and the shelf life of paneer and as we
know even Refrigeration was only present
in 20% of Indian households so the
question is how did milky Mist solve for
Logistics and
Refrigeration well this is where they
came up with two very high cost solution
and it almost looked futuristic to all
the competitors back then number one
they decided to give out 20,000 chillers
to all retailers who could sell their
paneer and if you remember this is what
Coca-Cola did to distribute their soft
all across America this cooler keeps the
air just below freezing so that with a
Simple Touch of a button you can enjoy
an icy version of your favorite
Coca-Cola beverage and this will allow
us to expand to many many more places CU
it leverages the coolers that are
already out there you're starting to see
there's over a thousand of these in
stores in the US already and secondly
their paneer was manufactured in their
Factory in per and got transported to
different cities in the South so they
installed chilling Technologies in the
trucks so that the products could be
stored in cool conditions till they
reach the retailer basically milky Mist
was one of the first companies to build
a cold storage supply chain now any
season businessman would ask a question
as to why didn't milky Mist Outsource
their Logistics to a cold storage
company because that way they could
reduce their upfront cost and they could
skip the headache of managing the staff
and Logistics team right well that is
what even we were wondering but when we
spoke to the stakeholders in the Daily
Business what we understood is that even
though Outsourcing gives you cash flow
it takes away your control over quality
so if Outsourcing leads to degradation
in quality you must bring it inhouse
even if it is costly and this is a very
very important lesson for all
entrepreneurs because we somehow choose
the convenient option of Outsourcing
because we feel like we need not have
the headache of managing a staff and
paying them consistently even though
they might have less work but what we
fail to realize is that that Outsourcing
might lead to degradation in quality and
efficiency both now in case of Milky
Mist they noticed that the drivers were
shutting down the trucks Refrigeration
in between their trips with a fully
loaded truck which was decreasing the
shelf life of paneer they were also not
punchable with the deliveries which
again affected the logistic schedule and
milky Mist could not do anything because
the trucks belonged to a third party
provider so milky Mist decided to
purchase the trucks and operated them
all by themselves this way they could
control both the journey times and the
quality of the product but you know what
this is where they faced another problem
when you own these trucks you can send
cheese from oo to Shimla but most of the
trucks would return empty right so
automatically the transportation cost
would shoot up in fact it would double
so you know what the team of Milky Mist
did they managed to build their own
return logistic system for example if
the truck full of Milky Mist products
goes to Shimla or Kashmir the truck does
not return empty from there instead they
might get apples from Kashmir back to
Tamil Nadu so they actually made a
profit out of their return logistic
system and today milky Mist has more
than 250 cargo trucks and tankers all
fitted with GPS mechanisms to keep track
of their data and their location so this
is how Satish found a gap in the market
leveraged it to make a profitable
business sold for a fragmented Market
soled for the trust of the farmers and
then built a logistic supply chain to
turn milky Mist into a two ,000 CR
Revenue company and did all of this by
selling milk and milk products so what
are the lessons that we learned from
this case study lesson number one if you
are in a commoditized market you will
end up killing your own margins in prize
Wars with competitors but if you use
value addition and branding you can
escape the price Wars of the market so
find a way to turn a commodity into a
value added product and sell it under a
brand name and invest heavily into
branding secondly while good companies
selfish focus on extracting maximum
value from their partners and increase
your profit margins great companies
collaborate with their Partners to help
them deliver maximum value as a result
end up increasing their profit margins
this is one of the golden attributes of
conscious capitalism and lastly even
though Outsourcing gives you cash flow
it takes away your control over quality
and if Outsourcing leads to degradation
in quality or efficiency you must it in
house this might mean high cost
initially but it will pay you dividends
beyond your
imagination these are the lessons that
we learn from the rise of Satish and the
brand called milky Mist that's all from
my side for today guys I would
especially like to thank Satish and his
team for spending their precious time
with us in helping us understanding the
Milky my story in helping us derive
these valuable business lessons it
really means a lot to us and guys if you
have a message for Satish and milky Mist
please drop a comment I think he will
have wonderful time reading your
comments and your messages if you learn
something valuable as usual make sure to
the like button in order to make Bey
Baba happy and for more such insightful
business and political case studies
please subscribe to our Channel thank
you so much for watching I will see you
in the next one
[Music]
[Music]
bye-bye
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