Basic Phonetics : Vowel Sounds
Summary
TLDRThis video lecture introduces phonetic symbols and sounds in English, emphasizing the importance of phonetic accuracy for impressive speaking. It explains phonetics as the scientific study of language sounds and highlights the variations in English pronunciation across regions, such as American and British accents. The lecture focuses on British Received Pronunciation (RP) as a globally accepted accent and details its 44 distinct sounds, dividing them into vowels and consonants. It thoroughly covers the 20 vowel sounds, including 12 monophthongs and 8 diphthongs, providing examples of words for each sound to aid in learning correct pronunciation.
Takeaways
- 😀 The lecture aims to familiarize students with English phonetic symbols and their corresponding sounds to improve pronunciation.
- 📚 Phonetics is defined as the systematic and scientific study of the sound system of a language, specifically focusing on English in this lecture.
- 🌏 English is spoken as a native language in various parts of the world, with different styles and accents, such as American and British English.
- 🗣️ There are significant differences in pronunciation, spelling, and grammatical construction between American and British English.
- 🇬🇧 The lecture will follow the British Received Pronunciation (RP), considered widely and socially acceptable worldwide.
- 🔊 British RP consists of 44 distinct sounds, categorized into vowel and consonant sounds, with 20 vowels and 24 consonants.
- 🎶 Vowel sounds are further divided into monophthongs (pure vowels) and diphthongs (vowel glides), with 12 monophthongs and 8 diphthongs.
- 🔍 Monophthongs represent a single vowel sound, while diphthongs are combinations of two vowel sounds, creating a glide from one sound to another.
- 📖 Good dictionaries, such as the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary, provide phonetic transcriptions to learn correct pronunciation.
- 📝 The lecture covered 12 monophthongs with their phonetic symbols and examples of words using these sounds.
- 🔜 The next lecture will focus on the 24 consonant sounds in British Received Pronunciation.
Q & A
What is the main objective of the video lecture on phonetic symbols and sounds in English?
-The main objective of the video lecture is to familiarize students with different phonetic symbols and their corresponding sounds in the English language to improve their pronunciation.
Why is phonetics important for developing an impressive style of speaking in English?
-Phonetics is important because it helps in developing a phonetically correct English, which is as crucial as speaking grammatically correct English for an impressive style of speaking.
What is phonetics in the context of linguistics?
-Phonetics is the systematic and scientific study of the sound system of a particular language, focusing in this case on the English language.
Why is there a difference in the pronunciation of English spoken in different parts of the world?
-There are differences in pronunciation because English is spoken in various styles and accents across different regions of the world, influenced by local dialects and linguistic habits.
What are the two dominant accents of English mentioned in the script, and what is an example of a pronunciation difference between them?
-The two dominant accents mentioned are American English and British English. An example of a pronunciation difference is the word 'chance', pronounced as 'fast chance' in British English and 'past chance' in American English.
Which accent will be followed in the series of lectures on phonetics, and why is it considered widely acceptable?
-The series of lectures will follow the British Received Pronunciation (RP), which is considered widely and socially acceptable and well-received across the world.
How many distinct sounds does British Received Pronunciation have, and what are they categorized into?
-British Received Pronunciation has 44 distinct sounds, categorized into vowel sounds and consonant sounds.
What is the difference between monophthongs and diphthongs in the context of vowel sounds?
-Monophthongs are the articulation of a single vowel sound, while diphthongs are a combination of two vowel sounds, creating a glide from one sound to another.
How many monophthongs and diphthongs are there in British Received Pronunciation, and what are they classified into?
-There are 12 monophthongs and 8 diphthongs in British Received Pronunciation. Monophthongs are further classified into short and long vowel sounds, while diphthongs are categorized based on the glide towards certain vowel sounds.
What is the significance of the colon sign (:) in phonetic symbols, and how does it affect the pronunciation?
-The colon sign in phonetic symbols indicates that the pronunciation should be stretched or lengthened, signifying a long vowel sound.
How can students learn the correct phonetic pronunciation of words using a dictionary, and which dictionary is mentioned in the script?
-Students can learn the correct phonetic pronunciation of words using a good dictionary like the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary, which provides phonetic transcriptions alongside word meanings and usages.
What will be the focus of the next lecture in the series, according to the script?
-The next lecture will focus on the consonant sounds in English phonetics.
Outlines
📚 Introduction to Phonetics and English Pronunciation
This paragraph introduces the video lecture's focus on phonetic symbols and sounds in the English language. The lecturer aims to help students improve their pronunciation by understanding different phonetic symbols. It emphasizes the importance of phonetic correctness in addition to grammatical accuracy for impressive English speech. The lecture also explains that phonetics is the scientific study of sounds in a language, highlighting variations in English pronunciation across different regions, such as American and British English. The British Received Pronunciation (RP) is chosen as the standard for the lecture due to its global acceptance. The paragraph concludes with an introduction to the 44 distinct sounds in British RP, with a focus on the 20 vowel sounds in this lecture and the 24 consonant sounds to be covered later.
🗣️ Vowel Sounds in British Received Pronunciation
The second paragraph delves into the classification of vowel sounds in British Received Pronunciation, distinguishing between monophthongs (pure vowels) and diphthongs (vowel glides). There are 12 monophthongs and 8 diphthongs in British RP. Monophthongs are single, distinct vowel sounds, exemplified by words like 'bit' and 'sit' for short 'e', and 'beat' and 'seat' for long 'e'. The paragraph provides examples of other monophthongs, including short and long 'a', 'o', and 'u' sounds, and their corresponding words. The lecturer also explains the notation for long vowels, indicated by a colon, to signify a stretched pronunciation. The summary of monophthongs concludes with a list of the 12 sounds covered.
🔍 Exploring Diphthongs and Vowel Glides in English
This paragraph continues the discussion on vowel sounds, focusing on diphthongs, which are combinations of two vowel sounds creating a glide. The eight diphthongs are categorized into three groups based on the glide direction towards 'e', 'o', and 'u' sounds. Examples of words containing these diphthongs are provided, such as 'gate' and 'late' for the 'aɪ' sound, 'bite' and 'kite' for 'aɪ', 'boil' and 'coil' for 'ɔɪ', and others. The paragraph clarifies that in English phonetics, there is no distinct 'o' sound as in 'home', which is pronounced with an 'oʊ' sound. The lecture concludes with a summary of the eight diphthongs, reinforcing the understanding of vowel glides in English pronunciation.
📘 Conclusion of Vowel Sounds and Introduction to Consonants
The final paragraph wraps up the discussion on vowel sounds, summarizing the 20 vowel sounds covered in the lecture, which include 12 monophthongs and 8 diphthongs. It reiterates the importance of these sounds in English pronunciation and provides a brief overview of the sounds with examples. The lecturer then announces an upcoming lecture that will focus on the remaining 24 distinct sounds in English phonetics, which are consonant sounds. This sets the stage for further exploration into the nuances of English pronunciation beyond vowels.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Phonetic Symbols
💡English Language
💡Pronunciation
💡Phonetics
💡Accents
💡British Received Pronunciation (RP)
💡Vowel Sounds
💡Monophthongs
💡Diphthongs
💡Consonant Sounds
Highlights
The lecture's main objective is to familiarize students with different phonetic symbols and their corresponding sounds in English to improve pronunciation.
Developing an impressive speaking style requires both grammatical and phonetic correctness in English.
Phonetics is the systematic and scientific study of the sound system of a language, specifically English in this lecture.
English is spoken as a native language in various parts of the world, each with distinct accents and styles.
Differences in accents, such as between American and British English, can be observed in spellings, grammar, and pronunciation.
The lecture will follow the British Received Pronunciation (RP), considered widely acceptable and well-received globally.
British RP consists of 44 distinct sounds, including 20 vowel sounds and 24 consonant sounds.
Vowel sounds are categorized into monophthongs (pure vowels) and diphthongs (vowel glides).
Monophthongs are single vowel sounds, while diphthongs are combinations of two vowel sounds.
There are 12 monophthongs and 8 diphthongs in British Received Pronunciation.
A good dictionary, like the Oxford Advanced Learner's, provides phonetic transcriptions to aid in learning correct pronunciation.
The lecture demonstrates the 12 monophthongs with their phonetic symbols and examples of English words.
Monophthongs are further divided into short and long vowel sounds, with 7 short and 5 long sounds.
Diphthongs are vowel glides from one sound to another, forming a distinct sound category.
The lecture categorizes diphthongs into three groups based on the glide direction towards e, u, and ooh sounds.
Examples of diphthongs include 'gate', 'bite', 'boil', 'go', 'house', and 'shu', illustrating the glide between sounds.
The lecture concludes with a summary of the 20 vowel sounds covered, with plans for a subsequent lecture on consonant sounds.
Transcripts
welcome to this video lecture on
phonetic symbols and sounds in English
language the main objective of this
particular lecture is to familiarize all
of you with the different phonetic
symbols and their corresponding sounds
in English language so that it helps you
all in improving your English
pronunciation students do keep in mind
that in order to develop an impressive
style of speaking it is not just
important that you speak grammatically
correct English but but also
phonetically correct English and here in
lies the importance of phonetics as an
area of studying so before I actually
start demonstrating the different
phonetic symbols along with their sounds
in English language let me first of all
brief you all what exactly is phonetics
so phonetics is the systematic and the
scientific study of the sound system of
a particular language and the language
that we are concerned with right now is
the English language
now English language is the first
language or the native language for
people residing in different parts of
the world for instance in United States
of America in United Kingdom in Canada
in Australia people speak English
language but do you think that the
English language that is spoken in
different parts of the world it is
spoken in the same style with the same
accent in the same manner the answer is
no English language is spoken but IND
different styles it has got different
accents in different regions of the
world now for instance let me give you
an example of differences between the
two very dominant you know accents that
is American English and British English
so there are differences there are a lot
of differences as far as you know you
know spellings of words are concerned
and there are also differences as far as
you know uh the grammatical construction
you know of language is concerned so
there are differences between American
English and British English and most
importantly there is a difference uh in
pronunciation and accent for instance
you know if you take very simple words
like f a s and c h a n c e I have given
very simple words so in British English
the pronunciation is fast chance but in
American English the pronunciation of
the same words is past chance so the
difference is clear here so there are a
lot of differences in both the Styles in
both the accents British English and
American English now the question is
dear students which accent should we
follow students in my series of lectures
as far as phonetics is concerned we are
going to follow the accent which is
known as the British received
pronunciation in short British RP
British received pronunciation is also
known as the southern educated British
English and this this particular
pronunciation or accent is considered to
be you know the most widely and socially
acceptable and well received
pronunciation all across the world so we
are going to follow the British received
pronunciation now dear students British
received pronunciation has got
44 distinct sounds in it so if you all
can learn all the 44 distinct sounds
along with their symbols then it shall
be very easy for all of you to learn the
correct English pronunciation of the
words when you all communicate on a
daily basis now my work here is to
demonstrate all the different fonetic
symbols along with their sounds so that
you can learn the correct pronunciation
let me also mention one thing that any
good dictionary for instance the Oxford
Advanced Learners dictionary it mentions
the phonetic transcriptions of The Words
which means that you can learn the
correct phonetic pronunciation of those
words along with the word meanings and
usages even the phonetic transcription
is provided so once you can learn the
symbols along with their sounds then you
can also learn the correct English
pronunciation as far as the words that
you use by communication so without much
delay let us get started and let me
first demonstrate the 44 distinct
sounds so
students British
RP here RP stands for received
pronunciation so British RP has got
44 distinct
[Music]
sounds and these 44 distinct sounds
students are divided into
to two
categories the vowel
sounds and the consonant
sounds dear students we are going to
concentrate in this particular
lecture only the vowel sounds in my next
Le lecture I shall concentrate on the
consonant sounds students there are 20
vowel sounds and there are
24 consonant sounds in British received
pronunciation now
students the vowel sounds are again
classified into
two categories and they are mon of
Kongs and
diffs mon of thongs means pure vels
and D pongs are Vel
Glides please keep in mind that there
are 12 mon of thongs and there are eight
diff thongs let me explain to you what
is the difference between mon of thong
and D thong mon of thong is the
articulation of a single vvel
sound and if thong is a combination of
two vvel sounds it's a Glide from one
wobble sound towards another wobble
sound hence they are known as wble
Glides and mon of thongs are known as
pure wobble sounds because they are just
a single distinct wavel song students
let us first of all cover the mon of
thongs and after covering the mod of
thongs we shall look into diff thong
category
now as far as the mon of thongs are
concern the sounds I shall write the
phonetic symbols
this is the short e and this is the long
e for instance this particular sound is
used in English words like
bit
sit and this is a long
sound
e and this long wavel sound is
in English words for example
beat
seat
these
dream bit sit lit fit so this is the
short e and this is the long
e the next monong sound is
short a and long
a this particular sound that is the a
sound is in for example in words like
but
cut and the a sound is in English words
for for example
card
large so you all can understand this is
the a sound and this is the a sound the
next is the o
sound for instance in pot
pot and we have the longer version to
the
a for
instance
ball call tall
fall so this is a and this is a this is
a this is a this is e this is e this is
U and this is
ooh for inst for instance in words like
book
took and this ooh sound is for instance
in
room tube
and so on so this is the u sound and
this is the ooh sound all right and the
next sound is
the
A and
uh for example in English words
like
about
ahead and this is for instance in words
like
curse no
n
bird the next sound is the let me write
it
here the next sound is
the a for example
bed
red and the next sound is the a
for example
bad fat
fat bat Matt so students 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
9 10 11 and 12 so we are done with the
12 mon of tongs I repeat along with
their phonetic symbols let me also
repeat the correct articulation of the
sound this is the short e the this is
the long e this is the short a this is
the long a this is the short o this is
the long o this is the short o this is
the long ooh this is the short uh and
this is the long uh this is a and this
is a now you see students wherever you
see this colon sign that is the double
Dots here we have to make the
pronunciation a little a little lengthy
long pronunciation we have to stretch e
a o ooh uh so these are the long vels so
we can say that mon ofong are again
classified into short vowel sounds and
long vowel sounds okay short vowel
sounds there are seven short vowel
sounds 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 and as far as long
vowels are concerned 1 2 3 4 5 so there
are long vowel sounds how many five so 7
+ 5 you know you will get 12 mon ofong
sounds so once again e e a a o o o o uh
uh a
a bit sit beat seat B cut card large hot
pot ball car
book took R tube above ahead curse Nurse
B red bad sad so students we are done
with the monong category let us now
concentrate on the diff pong category in
diff pong category you will see that
there are all total eight sounds in the
dong category and and it's a combination
of two monong sounds two sounds when
they come together when it's a Glide
from one wble sound towards another
wobble sound you get a dong sound unlike
the monong sounds they are pure vels and
diff Thoms
are vowel
Glides there are eight dong
sounds now for our convenience we will
divide them into three categories that
is Glide
towards
e so you can see that the the these
three dong sounds combination of two
sounds as you can see they are all
Glides towards e e e a e a e o e a e so
the sound is a a i e i o e o once again
a i i so for example in English words
like
gate
late I for example
bite
kite oil for example
boil
coil okay so this is a e a i e i o e o
so we have words like gate late in
English words this sound is used for
example bite kite and this particular
sound o is used in English words like
boil coil so the next is Glides
towards
[Music]
U uh U
O A U
ow O for example
go
home do keep in mind that in English
Fanatics there is no o sound so we have
to articulate it as pronounce it as o go
ho all right this is the o sound and
this is the a sound a for example
House
Cow now a o o o o o o so this is these
are Glides towards the u sound and the
last category is Glides towards the u
sound for example
the so these are all Glides towards the
a sound all right e e u a u e a a u for
example
CH for for example this is for example U
for example
Shu a a
CH a CH fa CH all right e CH Fe u a sha
Tua so students you can see that this is
the first category where we see that
there are lines English the discount
sounds are all Glides towards the same
sound that is e the short e a i o and
these two are Glides towards the o sound
o ow and the last three sounds they are
all Glides towards the uh sound e u a
once again so how many we get we should
get eight 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 so we have
eight defound sounds once again a a gate
late I bite kite oil boil Co o go home
our house
C CH
Fe sh Tu a a CH fair so
students these are your total we have
covered
the first category that is the 20 vvel
sounds and you have seen that the Vel
sounds are classified into Mon ofong
sounds and diff thong sounds all total
there are 12 mon ofong sounds and eight
deong sounds so we are left with 24
distinct sounds in English phonetics and
those are the consonant sounds I shall
very soon come up with my lecture as far
as the phonetic symbol and sounds that
is the consonant sounds are concerned
thanks for watching
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