Penerapan Metode Jigsaw di Kelas

Summary

The video script introduces the Jigsaw method, a cooperative learning technique developed by Elliot Aronson in 1971. It involves dividing students into groups, each responsible for mastering a part of the material and teaching it to their team. The process includes self-study, expert group discussions to align understanding, and a final sharing session within the original groups. An end-of-session formative assessment ensures a basic grasp of the material. The script also suggests adjustments for uneven group sizes and highlights Robert Slavin's enhancements to the assessment process, which encourages students to actively understand and convey the material.

Takeaways

• 🧩 The Jigsaw method was first developed by Elliot Aronson in 1971 as a cooperative learning technique.
• 🤝 In the Jigsaw method, students are divided into small groups, each responsible for learning a specific part of the material and then teaching it to their group members.
• 📚 The learning material is divided into small parts, equal to the number of group members, such as paragraphs from a text, chapters from a book, or articles from the internet.
• 👥 Each group in the Jigsaw method, typically called a 'Jigsaw group,' consists of 3 to 6 students.
• 📝 Students are given a self-study session to master their assigned part of the learning material independently.
• 🤔 'Expert groups' are formed where students with the same learning material meet to compare their understanding and prepare strategies for teaching their part to the Jigsaw group.
• 🗣 After the expert group session, students return to their Jigsaw groups and take turns sharing what they've learned, with others taking notes and asking questions.
• ⏰ Time management is crucial during each session, with set times for self-study, expert group discussions, and sharing within the Jigsaw group.
• 📊 A formative assessment is given at the end of the session to gauge the basic understanding of the material, which can be in the form of concept maps or other formats.
• 👨‍🏫 Adjustments can be made for uneven group sizes by giving more challenging material to two students in a group with an extra member.
• 📈 Robert Slavin refined the Jigsaw method in 1986 by adjusting the assessment process, where individual assessments are averaged to get a group score, increasing student enthusiasm for understanding and teaching the material.

Q & A

What is the Jigsaw method?

The Jigsaw method is a cooperative learning technique first discovered by Elliot Aronson in 1971, where students are responsible for mastering a specific part of the learning material and teaching it to their team members, like pieces of a jigsaw puzzle.

How does the Jigsaw method address the challenge of conveying a lot of material in a short time?

The Jigsaw method divides the learning material into smaller parts, assigns each part to different students, and relies on them to teach their part to the group, making the learning process more efficient and engaging.

What is the minimum and maximum number of students recommended for a Jigsaw group?

A Jigsaw group should ideally consist of 3 to 6 students, allowing for effective collaboration and individual responsibility.

How are the learning materials divided in the Jigsaw method?

The learning materials are divided into small parts, with the number of parts equal to the number of group members, which can include paragraphs from a text, chapters from a book, or articles from the internet.

What is the role of each student in a Jigsaw group?

Each student has a crucial role, similar to a puzzle piece, where they are responsible for mastering and teaching their assigned part of the material to the rest of the group.

What is the 'group ahli' and its purpose in the Jigsaw method?

The 'group ahli' is a meeting of students who have been assigned the same part of the learning material. They discuss, compare ideas, and prepare strategies for teaching their part to the rest of the group, aiming to align understanding and minimize misconceptions.

How does the Jigsaw method encourage active participation among students?

The method requires students to take responsibility for their part of the material and actively teach it to their peers, fostering engagement and reducing passivity in the learning process.

What is the purpose of the formative assessment at the end of the Jigsaw session?

The formative assessment, which can be in the form of concept maps or other formats, is given to gauge the basic understanding of the material and ensure that the learning objectives have been met.

How can the Jigsaw method be adapted if the number of students cannot be evenly divided?

If the number of students cannot be evenly divided, teachers can assign more challenging parts of the material to two students in a group with an extra member, ensuring that all parts are covered.

What changes did Robert Slavin make to the Jigsaw method in 1986?

Robert Slavin refined the assessment process in the Jigsaw method by averaging the individual assessments of students to obtain a group score, which increased enthusiasm and motivation among students to understand and convey the material effectively.

How does the Jigsaw method enhance the understanding of the learning material?

The Jigsaw method enhances understanding by allowing students to specialize in a part of the material, discuss it with peers who have the same part (in the 'group ahli'), and then teach it to their group, leading to a deeper and shared understanding.