SEJARAH BERDIRINYA RMS (Republik Maluku Selatan)
Summary
TLDRThe video script narrates the historical establishment of the Republic of Maluku Selatan by Christian Robert Soekarno Gokil on April 25, 1950, amidst the backdrop of Indonesia's struggle for independence and the formation of the federal state. It touches on the resistance from figures like Christian Smokio, the Attorney General of East Indonesia, who opposed the unification of the state, leading to the rise of the RMS. The script also delves into the military and political dynamics of the time, including the role of former KNIL members and the diplomatic efforts by President Soekarno to resolve the separatism in Maluku, which unfortunately failed, leading to the deployment of TNI forces.
Takeaways
- 🌍 The Republic of South Maluku (RMS) was founded by Christian Robert Stephenson Soumokil on April 25, 1950.
- ⚖️ Najmi served as the Minister of Justice and Attorney General in East Indonesia.
- 🇮🇩 RMS remains a topic of discussion today and cannot be separated from Indonesia's federal system during the late 1940s and early 1950s.
- 🇳🇱 The formation of RMS is linked to the period of Dutch military aggression and the establishment of federal puppet states like Pasundan, Borneo, and East Indonesia.
- 🗓️ After the Round Table Conference in 1949, Indonesia was a federal state under the Dutch-Indonesian Union.
- 📜 Sukarno became the President of the United States of Indonesia (RIS) with the Republic of Indonesia as one of its states.
- 🛡️ Christian Soumokil opposed the transition back to a unitary state and wanted to maintain his position in East Indonesia.
- ✈️ Soumokil flew to Ambon on April 13, 1950, following the failed Andi Azis rebellion in Makassar.
- 🚩 The Republic of South Maluku was proclaimed on April 25, 1950, by Manuhutu under pressure from former KNIL forces and local supporters.
- 🕊️ RMS had its own flag and national anthem, with Ambon as its capital, and claimed territories including Ambon, Seram, and Buru islands.
Q & A
Who was Christian Robert Stephenson Gokil and what significant event is associated with his name?
-Christian Robert Stephenson Gokil was the founder of the Republic of Maluku Selatan (South Maluku Republic), which was established on April 25, 1950.
What was the political structure of Indonesia during the period of military aggression by the Dutch until the mid-1950s?
-During the period of Dutch military aggression until the mid-1950s, Indonesia was a federation, similar to the United States or Malaysia, which included the East Indonesia state as part of the Republic of the United States of Indonesia.
What was the significance of the Round Table Conference in 1949 for the political landscape of Indonesia?
-The Round Table Conference in 1949 was significant as it led to the signing of an agreement that recognized Indonesia's sovereignty over its territory, from Sumatra to Maluku, despite the country still being in a federal form led by the United Kingdom and the Netherlands.
Who was Andi Azis and what role did he play in the establishment of the Republic of Maluku Selatan?
-Andi Azis was a figure who led a rebellion in Makassar on April 5, 1950. After the failure of the rebellion, he fled to Ambon and played a role in the establishment of the Republic of Maluku Selatan.
What was the role of Jones Marwoto in the declaration of the Republic of Maluku Selatan?
-Jones Marwoto, who was serving as the head of the Maluku region, was pressured by former Dutch soldiers (Manuhutu) to immediately proclaim the establishment of the Republic of Maluku Selatan, which he did on April 25, 1950.
What was the official stance of the Republic of Maluku Selatan regarding its independence from the Republic of Indonesia and the Republic of Indonesia Serikat?
-The Republic of Maluku Selatan declared its de facto and de jure independence, forming a republic separate from any form of state connection with East Indonesia and the Republic of Indonesia Serikat.
What was the term used for the military force that was part of the Republic of Maluku Selatan?
-The military force of the Republic of Maluku Selatan was known as Angkatan Perang RMS, which included former sergeants and soldiers of the Dutch East Indies Army (KNIL).
What was the flag of the Republic of Maluku Selatan and how did it change after 2011?
-The flag of the Republic of Maluku Selatan was used until 2011. After 2011, the flag was dominated by the colors red with blue and white-green stripes on the left, featuring the white Maluku dove, known as the 'combo'.
What was the national anthem of the Republic of Maluku Selatan?
-The national anthem of the Republic of Maluku Selatan was 'Maluku, Tanah Airku', which translates to 'Maluku, My Land'.
How did President Soekarno address the issue of separatism in Maluku?
-President Soekarno attempted to diplomatically resolve the separatism issue in Maluku by sending a peace delegation led by a regional figure from Maluku, Johanes Leimena. However, the mediation efforts failed.
What was the consequence of the failed peace mediation and how did President Soekarno respond?
-After the failure of the peace mediation, President Soekarno, as the Supreme Commander, had to take strict action by mobilizing the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) to address the separatist movement in Maluku.
Outlines
😀 Founding of the South Maluku Republic
The first paragraph outlines the historical context and events leading to the establishment of the South Maluku Republic (RMS). It mentions Christian Robert Soekarno as a key figure in the founding, which occurred on April 25, 1950. The paragraph also touches on the political landscape of the time, including the influence of the Dutch military aggression and the formation of a federal state system in Indonesia. The narrative describes the resistance against the idea of a unified state and the subsequent actions of Christian Soemoohio, who opposed the integration of the Republic of the Indonesian Federation (RIS) into the Republic of Indonesia. The paragraph concludes with the proclamation of the RMS's independence and the appointment of Jones Marwoto as its first president.
😨 Military and Political Struggles of RMS
The second paragraph delves into the military and political challenges faced by the RMS. It describes the official establishment of the RMS military forces, the claimed territories, and the national symbols such as the flag and anthem. The paragraph highlights the strengthening of RMS's military by incorporating former Dutch colonial soldiers and local armed youth, creating a formidable force. It also discusses the diplomatic efforts by President Soekarno to resolve the separatism in Maluku, which unfortunately failed due to the refusal of RMS's followers. The paragraph ends with a note on the escalation of the situation, leading to the deployment of the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) to address the separatist movement, and a cliffhanger regarding the fate of Chris Soumokil.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Republik Maluku Selatan (RMS)
💡Christian Robert Soumokil
💡Federal System
💡Indonesia Timur
💡Konferensi Meja Bundar
💡Soekarno
💡Pemuda Bersenjata
💡Panglima Angkatan Perang RMS
💡Presiden RMS
💡Bendera RMS
💡Konflik Nasionalisme
Highlights
Christian Robert Stephenson Gokil founded the Republic of Maluku Selatan on April 25, 1950.
Najmi served as Minister of Justice and Attorney General in Indonesia.
RMS still exists today, separate from the federal system of the Indonesian state.
After the Dutch military aggression, many puppet states were established by the Dutch, including Pasundan and Borneo.
Indonesia was a federation of states, similar to America or Malaysia, with Yogyakarta and part of Sumatra remaining after the 1949 Round Table Conference.
Soekarno was appointed president of the United States of Indonesia, with Indonesia as a state within it.
There were disagreements over returning to a unitary state, with Christian Smokio opposing it as Attorney General of East Indonesia.
Andi Azis' rebellion in Makassar on April 5, 1950 failed, leading him to flee to Ambon.
Ambon was controlled by former Dutch colonial troops when Andi Azis arrived there on April 13, 1950.
Many former KNIL members joined APRIS, but some strongly refused.
With the support of local Ambonese people, a new state was established in Ambon.
Jones Marwoto, head of South Maluku region, was urged to proclaim the Republic of Maluku Selatan on April 25, 1950.
Jones Marwoto became the first president of RMS after the proclamation.
RMS claimed territories including Ambon, Seram and Buru islands, with Ambon as its capital.
RMS had a flag used until 2011, then adopted a new flag with red, blue, white and green stripes.
RMS strengthened its military with former KNIL sergeants and armed youths, facing opposition from Indonesian nationalism and the TNI.
President Soekarno sent a peace mission led by Johannes Leimena to resolve the separatism in Maluku, but it failed.
Soekarno had to take tough military action against RMS due to the failed mediation.
Transcripts
Hai Mbak er MS atau Republik Maluku
Selatan merupakan negara yang didirikan
oleh Christian Robert stephenson gokil
pada 25 April 1950 semua kill pernah
Najmi sebagai menteri kehakiman
Kejaksaan Agung di negara Indonesia
timur Lalu bagaimana si awal mula
pendirian negara RMS ini perlu kalian
tahu juga RMS sampai saat ini masih ada
loh kalau ngomongin RMS nggak bisa
dilepaskan dari sistem Federal negara
kita dulu guys untuk membahas RMS kita
wajib tahu bentuk negara kita dulu yaitu
pada masa agresi militer Belanda hingga
pertengahan 1950 Nah tadi saya
mengatakan tentang negara Indonesia
Timur ya ini merupakan negara bagian
dari wilayah Republik Indonesia Serikat
jadi dulu negara kita berbentuk federasi
ya kayak Amerika atau Malaysia gitu
Hai pasca Agresi Militer Belanda 2 sudah
mulai banyak berdiri negara-negara
federal yang bisa dibilang negara boneka
Belanda seperti negara Pasundan negara
Borneo Negara Indonesia Timur dan
negara-negara lainnya RI saat itu hanya
menyisakan Yogyakarta dan sebagian
Sumatera saja bahkan setelah Konferensi
Meja Bundar pada tahun 1949
ditandatangani negara kita masih
berbentuk federasi dibawa Uni
indonesia-belanda tapi bedanya bangsa
kita sudah diakui kedaulatan wilayahnya
dari Sumatera hingga Maluku kita bersama
belanda mendirikan Republik Indonesia
Serikat atau Ris kemudian Soekarno yang
sebelumnya adalah presiden RI diangkat
menjadi presiden Ris disini RI merupakan
negara bagian dari Ris ya setelah
beberapa bulan berbentuk federasi muncul
gagasan untuk kembali ke bentuk negara
kesatuan nah disinilah masalah mulai
muncul
mestinya ada pihak-pihak yang kontra
dengan gagasan membentuk negara kesatuan
Salah satunya yaitu Christian smokio
semakin saat itu merupakan Jaksa Agung
Negara Indonesia Timur ketika wacana
kembali ke bentuk negara kesatuan uncul
jelas semakin nampak ras hal tersebut ia
seakan tidak ingin kehilangan posisi di
negara Indonesia timur ia ingin ini
tetap berdiri ia tak ingin Angkatan
perang Republik Indonesia Serikat atau
Ris dari Pulau Jawa masuk ke wilayah
nit2 wakil adalah orang dibalik gerakan
Andi Azis yang meletus di Makassar pada
5 April 1950 setelah pemberontakan Andi
Azis dan pasukan bekas knil dinilai
gagal ia lantas terbang ke Ambon
menggunakan pesawat militer Belanda ia
tiba di Ambon pada 13 April 1950 saat
itu Kota Ambon dikuasai oleh bekas
pasukan knil Nah kalau kalian ga tau
kayaknya itu apakah ini yang merupakan
ke
jangan dari cone invite
nederlandsch-indie schlager atau tentara
kerajaan Hindia Belanda pasca MB
otomatis skyneel dibubarkan dan kemudian
apris atau Angkatan perang Republik
Indonesia Serikat telah Yang menaungi
keamanan negara
Hai banyak juga mantan anggota knil yang
bergabung dengan apris namun banyak pula
yang menolak bergabung dengan apris
mereka melakukan penolakan keras ketika
apris masuk ke ini t melihat banyaknya
pasukan yang sepaham dengannya dan juga
ribuan warga Ambon yang berkeinginan
mendirikan negara baru akhirnya semua
file bersama orang-orang lokal Ambon
segera mendirikan negara baru di
Hai saat itu Jones marwoto yang menjabat
sebagai kepala daerah Maluku Selatan
didesak untuk segera memproklamirkan
berdirinya negara republik Maluku
Selatan dibawah tekanan pasukan-pasukan
bekas knil Manuhutu kemudian
memproklamirkan berdirinya Republik
Maluku Selatan pada 25 April 1950
memenuhi kemauan yang sungguh-sungguh
tuntutan dan desakan rakyat Maluku
Selatan maka dengan ini kami
proklamirkan kemerdekaan Republik Maluku
Selatan de facto dan de jure yang
berbentuk republik lepas daripada segala
berhubungan ketatanegaraan Negara
Indonesia Timur dan Ris ucapan waktu
sebagai proklamator kemudian menutup
diangkat menjadi presiden pertama RMS
Lalu bagaimana dengan semua kill apa
jabatannya saat itu semua kira belum
memiliki pengaruh yang kuat di Ambon tak
sekuat Manuhutu ia kemudian menjabat
sebagai Menteri Luar Negeri RI
Hai Jones menurut uh hanya menjadi
presiden selama 14 hari saja terhitung
hingga tiga Mei 1950 kemudian ia
mengucap sumpah kembali setia kepada Ibu
Pertiwi
Hai semoga lantas mendapatkan jabatan
tertinggi di RMS sebagai presiden bekas
anggota knil yang turut dalam
pembentukan RMS pun kemudian naik
pangkat tinggi RMS Bond resmi berdiri
wilayah Rangers yang diklaim antara lain
pulau Ambon Pulau Seram dan Pulau Buru
yang merupakan pulau-pulau besar di
bagian Maluku Selatan ibukotanya adalah
Ambon Ini adalah bendera RMS yang
dipakai hingga 2011 setelah tahun 2011
RMS memiliki bendera yang didominasi
warna merah dan strip biru putih hijau
di kiri bendera lambang RMS menampilkan
burung merpati putih Maluku bernama
combo lagu kebangsaan RMS adalah Maluku
tanah airku Indonesia berdirinya negara
RMS tak semerta-merta berjalan mulus
pejabat-pejabat RMS sadar bahwa mereka
akan ditentang habis-habisan
nasionalisme kaum republik dan yang
ditakutkan adalah serangan dari tentara
apris yang akan menghancurkan
gerakan-gerakan separatis RMS pun
memperkuat pasukannya bekas Sersan
tentara knil diangkat menjadi Panglima
Angkatan Perang RMS seperti dances
Samson Thomas Nusi sopacua dan
lain-lainnya ratusan bekas anggota knil
dengan dibantu ribuan Pemuda bersenjata
tombak dan panah kemudian menjadi
kekuatan inti militer RMS dengan semakin
kuatnya militer MS Wajar saja jika
mereka cukup disegani oleh aktris atau
TNI hal ini cukup membuat Presiden
Soekarno Pusing dikarenakan darah
saudara sebangsa mungkin akan berjatuhan
karena konflik kepentingan
Hai untuk mengatasi separatisme di
Maluku Presiden Soekarno mengambil
langkah diplomasi damai dengan mengirim
tim yang diketuai oleh putra daerah
Maluku yaitu Johanes leimena
Hai namun upaya mediasi gagal semakin
dan pengikut-pengikutnya menolak ajakan
persatuan tersebut
[Musik]
Hai Jalan Damai dirasa buntu Presiden
Soekarno selaku Panglima tertinggi mau
tak mau harus menindak tegas movil CS
dengan menerjunkan pasukan TNI lalu
Bagaimanakah nasib Chris soumokil
[Musik]
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