Kurikulum Merdeka PPKN Kelas 10 Bab 1 Unit 1 Menggali Ide Pendiri Bangsa Tentang Dasar Negara

Summary

This educational video script delves into the historical foundation of the Indonesian nation, focusing on the pivotal discussions during the Second World War that led to the formation of the BPUPKI. It highlights key figures like Radjiman Widyodiningrat and Soekarno, who contributed to the establishment of the nation's principles, including the famous Pancasila. The script also covers the critical debates on whether Indonesia should be a unitary state or a federation, the relationship between religion and state, and the final proclamation of independence on August 17, 1945. The video concludes with the removal of certain phrases from the Jakarta Charter to prevent potential divisions, emphasizing the birth of a unified Indonesia.

Takeaways

• 📜 The video discusses a summary of the material on the founding ideas of the Indonesian nation, focusing on the basics of the state as taught in the PPKN curriculum for 10th graders.
• 🌏 During World War II, Japan, under pressure, initiated the formation of the Dokuritsu Junbi Cosakai (Preparatory Committee for Independence), abbreviated as BPUPKI, to prepare for Indonesian independence.
• 🗓️ BPUPKI was officially established on April 29, 1945, coinciding with the birthday of Emperor Hirohito, under the leadership of Lieutenant General Kumakichi Harada.
• 🏛️ BPUPKI consisted of two bodies: a deliberation body and a secretariat, with Radjiman Wedyodiningrat as its chairman and Ichibangase Yoshio and Raden Panji Suroso as vice-chairmen.
• 🗣️ BPUPKI held two sessions, the first from May 29 to June 1, 1945, discussing the foundation of the state, and the second from July 10 to 17, 1945, focusing on the draft of the constitution.
• 🎤 Several key figures delivered speeches during these sessions, including Margono, Sosrodiningrat, Sumitro, Wiranatakusuma, and others, emphasizing the principles of the nation's foundation.
• 📝 Three main topics were discussed during BPUPKI sessions: whether Indonesia should be a united or federal state, the relationship between religion and the state, and whether the state should be a republic or a monarchy.
• 💡 Prominent figures like Muhammad Yamin, Soepomo, and Soekarno presented their ideas on the nation's foundation, with Muhammad Yamin emphasizing principles like humanity, humanity's dignity, and the welfare of the people.
• 📜 Soekarno introduced five principles for the nation, which later became known as Pancasila, encompassing beliefs in one supreme God, humanity's dignity, unity, democracy, social prosperity, and belief in the one and only God.
• 📊 Two committees were formed within BPUPKI, one with eight members and another with nine, which produced nine key ideas, including the immediate independence of Indonesia, the foundation of the state, and issues of unification, state form, citizenship, regions, religion, defense, and finance.
• 📋 The 'Piagam Jakarta' (Jakarta Charter) was agreed upon, including principles like belief in one God with the obligation to implement Islamic law for its adherents, just and civilized humanity, Indonesian unity, and social justice for all people.
• 🚫 After the proclamation of Indonesian independence on August 17, 1945, by Soekarno and Hatta, the 'Piagam Jakarta' underwent a significant change with the removal of the phrase about implementing Islamic law, to avoid potential division among the diverse population.

Q & A

What is the main topic discussed in the video script?

The main topic discussed in the video script is the summary of the material from PPKN (Civics) for grade 10, chapter 1, unit 1, focusing on the ideas of the founders of the nation regarding the foundation of an independent state.

What was the situation during World War II that led to the formation of Dokuritsu Junbi Cosakai?

During World War II, Japan was under pressure and was observing the increasingly desperate situation. This led to the establishment of Dokuritsu Junbi Cosakai, or the preparatory committee for independence, on March 1, 1945.

When was Dokuritsu Junbi Cosakai formed and what was its significance?

Dokuritsu Junbi Cosakai was formed on April 29, 1945. It was significant as it was a step towards the independence of Indonesia, preparing for the establishment of a new state.

What were the two main bodies within Dokuritsu Junbi Cosakai?

The two main bodies within Dokuritsu Junbi Cosakai were the deliberation body (badan perundingan) and the operational management office (kantor tata usaha or sekretariat).

Who were the key figures in Dokuritsu Junbi Cosakai?

The key figures in Dokuritsu Junbi Cosakai included KRT Radjiman Widyodiningrat as the chairman, Ichibangase Yoshio and Raden Panji Suroso as vice-chairmen.

What were the main discussions during the first and second sessions of Dokuritsu Junbi Cosakai?

The first session from May 29 to June 1, 1945, discussed the foundation of the state, while the second session from July 10 to 17, 1945, discussed the draft of the constitution.

What were the three main topics discussed during the BPUPKI sessions?

The three main topics discussed during the BPUPKI sessions were whether Indonesia would be a united state or a federation, the relationship between religion and the state, and whether the state would be a republic or a monarchy.

What were the ideas presented by Muhammad Yamin, Soepomo, and Soekarno about the foundation of the state?

Muhammad Yamin presented ideas on national sovereignty, humanism, and the welfare of the people. Soepomo presented five principles for an independent state: unity, family, balance of material and spiritual life, consultation, and justice. Soekarno presented five principles known as Pancasila: nationalism, internationalism, consensus or democracy, social welfare, and belief in the one supreme God.

What was the outcome of the meeting held by the Panitia Sembilan on June 22, 1945?

The Panitia Sembilan agreed on the principles of the Jakarta Charter (Piagam Jakarta), which included belief in one supreme God with the obligation to implement Islamic law for its adherents, a just and civilized humanity, the unity of Indonesia, people's sovereignty led by wisdom and consultation, and social justice for all Indonesian people.

What happened to the Jakarta Charter after the BPUPKI sessions?

The Jakarta Charter was reported to all members of BPUPKI on June 22, 1945. However, after the Proclamation of Independence on August 17, 1945, the seven words about implementing Islamic law were removed from the Charter during a session of PPKI on August 18, 1945, due to concerns of potential division.

What was the significance of the removal of the seven words from the Jakarta Charter?

The removal of the seven words, which referred to the obligation to implement Islamic law for its adherents, was significant as it aimed to prevent potential divisions and ensure unity among the diverse religious groups in Indonesia.