Genetic Counseling of Hemoglobinopathies
Summary
TLDRAngela Pasqua's presentation highlights the significance of genetic counseling, discussing its role in helping individuals understand and adapt to genetic conditions. It covers the process of genetic counseling, its impact on families, and the importance of communication, non-directiveness, and addressing personal beliefs and feelings.
Takeaways
- 🧬 Genetic counseling is a critical process that helps individuals understand and adapt to the medical, psychological, and familial implications of genetic contributions.
- 👨👩👧👦 It integrates family and medical history interpretation, education about inheritance, and counseling to promote informed decision-making and adaptation to genetic risks or conditions.
- 🤔 Genetic counseling focuses on helping individuals understand, accept, and adapt to a genetic diagnosis and its impact on themselves and their family members.
- 🌐 The World Health Organization estimates that at least 5% of adults have genetic disorders, with Thalassemia affecting about 2.9% of the population.
- 🧐 Patients' beliefs about the cause of genetic diseases, such as Thalassemia, can significantly influence their understanding and treatment adherence.
- 🏥 Early screening and understanding the severity of a genetic disease can empower patients to take proactive actions for their health.
- 👨👩👧 When a disorder appears to run in a family, it may be due to inherited genetic mutations or a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
- 💔 The birth of a child with a genetic defect can lead to feelings of guilt and shame in parents, which is a common psychological response addressed in genetic counseling.
- 📈 Genetic counseling has been shown to have a positive impact on families, reducing anxiety and improving communication about genetic conditions.
- 🌟 The benefits of genetic counseling include providing information, psychosocial support, anticipatory guidance, facilitating family communication, and aiding in decision-making.
- 🗣️ Communication and the use of language in genetic counseling are vital, as they can significantly affect patients' understanding and emotional responses to genetic information.
Q & A
What is the primary purpose of genetic counseling?
-Genetic counseling is a process that helps people understand and adapt to the medical, psychological, and familial implications of genetic contributions. It integrates the interpretation of family and medical history, education about inheritance and testing, and counseling to promote informed decision-making and adaptation to the risk or condition.
What does the World Health Organization estimate regarding the prevalence of genetic disorders among adults?
-The World Health Organization estimates that at least 5% of adults have genetic disorders, with about 2.9% having serious genetic conditions.
What is the significance of genetic counseling in understanding a genetic diagnosis and its impact on an individual and their family?
-Genetic counseling focuses on understanding, accepting, and adapting to a genetic diagnosis and its impact. It helps clients understand the diagnosis, prognosis, and recurrence risks, and it explores the role of personal beliefs and adaptation, promoting a sense of personal control and mastery.
Why is early screening important for individuals with genetic disorders?
-Early screening is important because it can help individuals understand the severity of the disease, enabling them to take proactive actions and make informed decisions about their health and family planning.
How do patients perceive the cause of genetic diseases according to the qualitative study mentioned in the script?
-According to the qualitative study with Malaysian patients with thalassemia, patients understood the disease as inherited from parents with thalassemia genes. They also recognized blood transfusion as a crucial treatment, especially for those with major and intermediate thalassemia.
What are some of the psychological responses observed in parents during genetic counseling?
-Parents often experience feelings of guilt and shame when a child is born with a genetic or congenital defect. These psychological responses are frequently observed during genetic counseling as parents review the details of the diagnosis and struggle to find meaning in the occurrence.
What is the impact of genetic counseling on families with newborns identified to have an abnormal hemoglobin trait?
-Genetic counseling after the detection of an abnormal newborn screening is a positive experience, providing answers and addressing concerns to client satisfaction. It leads to openness in discussing the condition within families and is beneficial in reducing anxiety and improving communication.
What are the benefits of genetic counseling as identified in the study by Bernhard and colleagues?
-The benefits include the provision of information and acquisition of knowledge, psychosocial support, anticipatory guidance (medical and psychosocial), facilitating family communication, and aid in decision-making.
How does genetic counseling address the language and communication challenges in conveying complex genetic information?
-Genetic counseling recognizes the importance of language and communication. It presents complex genetic information in a meaningful and non-judgmental way that is relevant to the individual, ensuring that the information is understood and absorbed effectively.
What is the concept of 'non-directiveness' in genetic counseling, and why is it important?
-Non-directiveness is a term coined by Carl Rogers to describe his psychotherapeutic approach of not advising, interpreting, or guiding his clients. In genetic counseling, it shows respect for the autonomy of clients, helping them arrive at the best decisions from their personal perspectives without guiding them towards any particular decision.
What is the significance of the 'teachable moment' in genetic counseling?
-The 'teachable moment' is the point at which an individual, couple, or family is most able to comprehend and absorb the information being given. It is often after the initial shock and denial have subsided, and the person has formulated questions related to the significance of genetic information.
Outlines
🧬 Genetic Counseling and Its Psychological Impacts
Angela Pasqua discusses the importance of genetic counseling, which is a process to help individuals understand and adapt to the medical, psychological, and familial implications of genetic contributions. The summary highlights how genetic counseling integrates family and medical history interpretation, education about inheritance, and psychological support. It also touches upon the ethical considerations and the role of personal beliefs in adaptation. The paragraph emphasizes understanding and accepting a genetic diagnosis and its impact on the individual and family, including the role of genetic counseling in addressing concerns about disease causation and inheritance, especially in the context of autosomal recessive conditions like thalassemia and sickle cell trait.
🤰 Reproductive Behaviors and Genetic Counseling Outcomes
This section delves into the reproductive behaviors of families with a history of genetic disorders, focusing on the motivations behind conception and the influence of genetic counseling on these decisions. The summary outlines a study from Iran that investigated the reasons mothers had for conceiving, including the desire for a healthy child. It also discusses the increase in genetic counseling visits after the birth of an affected child. The benefits of genetic counseling are highlighted, such as providing information, psychosocial support, anticipatory guidance, facilitating family communication, and aiding in decision-making. The summary underscores the positive experiences reported by families post-counseling, including relief from anxiety and improved understanding of genetic conditions.
🗣️ The Role of Communication in Genetic Counseling
The final paragraph emphasizes the critical role of communication in genetic counseling, including the importance of language and the concept of non-directiveness. The summary explains that genetic counselors aim to provide information in a way that is understandable and relevant to the individual, taking advantage of 'teachable moments' when clients are most receptive to information. It also discusses the principle of non-directiveness in genetic counseling, which respects the autonomy of clients and supports them in making decisions based on personal perspectives without guiding them towards any particular choice. The paragraph concludes with a reiteration of the importance of genetic counseling, tailored to each individual's needs and circumstances.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Genetic counseling
💡Genetic disorders
💡Mutations
💡Inheritance
💡Risk perception
💡Genetic testing
💡Psychosocial support
💡Non-directive
💡Family communication
💡Teachable moment
💡Cultural beliefs
Highlights
Angela Pasqua emphasizes the importance of genetic counseling and its impact on individuals and families.
Genetic counseling helps people understand and adapt to the medical, psychological, and familial implications of genetic contributions.
The process of genetic counseling includes interpretation of family and medical studies, education about inheritance, and counseling to promote informed decisions.
Genetic counseling focuses on understanding, accepting, and adapting to a genetic diagnosis and its impact on individuals and families.
A qualitative study among Malaysian patients with thalassemia revealed beliefs about the cause of the disease and the importance of blood transfusions.
Early screening for genetic disorders can benefit patients by allowing them to take proactive actions based on the severity of the disease.
Some disorders that appear to run in families are not solely caused by genetic mutations but can also be influenced by environmental factors.
A study from Malaysia indicates that knowledge about being carriers could influence decisions about marriage and having children.
Parents often blame themselves or medical professionals for the lack of information regarding genetic disorders.
Guilt and shame are common psychological responses in parents of children with genetic or congenital defects.
Risk perception varies among individuals, with some overestimating reproductive risks associated with autosomal recessive conditions.
A study in Iran investigated reproductive behaviors in families with affected children, finding motivations for conception and the role of genetic counseling.
Genetic counseling after newborn screening is seen as a positive experience, addressing questions and alleviating anxiety for families.
The study by Bernhard and colleagues outlines the benefits of genetic counseling, including the provision of information and psychosocial support.
Genetic counselors play a crucial role in facilitating family communication and aiding in decision-making processes.
The use of language in genetic counseling is pivotal, as it can significantly impact patients' understanding and emotional responses.
Non-directiveness in genetic counseling respects the autonomy of individuals, helping them make decisions based on personal perspectives.
Genetic counseling is essential for individuals at risk, who must learn all the facts, consider the issues, and make informed decisions.
Transcripts
I am Angela Pasqua and I will be cursing
the importance of genetic concept you need
the contents of my president
we are as fathers over the
on issues and the impact in the the net incomes
the
umbrella
both are caused by mutations
and are the chance in the alpha or better
when GP effects cause him of even synthesis
the orders this gets rise the cavity yeah
long even structure in these cases are not
when they cost changes in hivon living structure
this gives you guys the abnormal
The Road
Health Organization estimates that group of the
at least 5% of adults are genetic areas
for a hip hop in condition
about 2.9% for Palestines
has because he discussed
genetic counseling
is the process of helping people understand and adapt
the medical psychological
and familiar implication genetic contributions
this process integrates
interpretation of family and medical studies
education about inheritance testing
management revenge
gun resources and research
and counseling to promote informed places
adaptation to the risk or condition
genetic counseling focuses and understanding
accepting and adapting to a genetic diagnosis or is
and their impact on the individual
at a family member is already affected with condition
and the clients are seeking to understand
the diagnosis prognosis and the recurgence
so in a genetic answering session
we discuss the client understanding
of course as it relates for scientific explanation
and the client's reputation
explore the role of personal belief
and the role in adaptation
and to promote feelings with personal control
and mastery home vision ethical
I will now be discussing some issues
and concerns of individual planets affected with him
but the first
issue is beliefs regarding the cause of the disease
so this is from a qualative study
Idan Amore
Malaysian patients with alasemia
it was observed that patients understood
alasemia as it is inhabited from parents with alasemia
genes was also found
that blood transfusion is the most important treatment
to those with alasemia
especially that palestinia
major in and intermediate vaccine
and most of the participants admitted
having inherited palestinia
from their parents because of a genetic factor
patients perceive that
early screening can benefit them
and by knowing the severity of the disease
they can take approach actions
what does it mean
if a disorder seems to run in my family
particular particular disorder
might be described as running in the family
if more than one person in the family has
some disorders that affect multiple family members
are caused by patients
which can be inherited as known for parent
the child
and other conditions that appear to run in families
are not caused by mutations in single
environmental factors
such as dietary habits or a combination
genetic
environmental factors are responsible for these burgers
the next issue for the patient and family is built
and so these are studies um from Malaysia and
some parents indicated during the discussion
that if they had known they were carriers
they would have
changed their decision about their presence house
however
some said they would have proceeded with a marriage
but refrain from having children
and other lessons affected without a senior engage
either in self or other directed
their data showed that all
educated respondents blame others
either their parents or the medical professional
majority blame their parents
lack of medical information
awareness and
if you reported medical apathy and insensitivity
as the main reasons
the birth of a child with a genetic or congenital
defect is frequently associated with thoughts
and feelings of guilt and shame
in the parents
these psychological responses are observed
frequently in genetic counseling
as parents review this vertical details
and struggle to find these causes
and meaning in the occurrence
the next issue is risk perception
when autosomal recessive condition
there is a 25% switch
does the global view that 25% as the big or small risk
over estimates reproductive risk
may lead to long term decision or go marriage
and the next issue is to be sung
or returns for contemption
so this was done in Iran this is a descriptive
scripting study that was designed to investigate
the reproductive behaviors
in families
the palace each mothers participated in the study
they have at least one child affected with that
the findings of their research indicated that
the reason for conception
among these mothers was to have a healthy child
to have a child
and some have an inadequate number of children
um a few
mothers had a genetic consultation before marriage
and it was shown in the study
that after the birth of the first afflicted child
there was an increase in the rate
visits for consultation
we will now go to the impact of
genetic counseling to affected families
according to this study
on the impact of Newborn screening
and genetic counseling on the lives of families
in which an abnormal hemoglobin
trait had been identified
genetic counseling
after detection upon abnormal Newborn speaking
is a positive experience
questions were answered
and addressed to the client satisfaction
although previously
there had been limited discussion about sickle cell
trait within families
after genetic counseling
there was an openness discussed this partners
the counseling was beneficial to their families
is evident from the fact that
despite concerns
that receiving abnormal trait information
within itself cause anxiety
the participants
overwhelmingly reported a relief of anxiety
after their constipation
some parents indicated that they felt guilty or upset
that their child had an abnormal demo of trade
the parents who describe feeling guilty or upset
on learning of trade in their baby
may have felt these emotions from the information
rather than the genetic counsel
some believe that their partner blamed them
for their child's adults
as further proof of their positive experience
the majority of servant individuals indicated
that they would recommend genetic counseling
and death fathers
these are the outcomes
and benefits of genetic counseling
based on the results of the study by Bernhard
and colleagues so
the first one is provision of information
and acquisition of college
to that the genetic counselors interviewed in the study
agreed that improving client knowledge
primary goal of genetic counseling
they recognize that many clients want a grade
of information
most clients made a point of commenting on how the
police they were
not only with the content
but with the manner in which the information was given
some clients said that
the genetic counseling visit was valuable
because the genetic counselor helped them
evaluate the information they received
from other sources such as books or the internet
the clients interviewed also
recognized
that information about genetics is complicated
and appreciated the efforts of genetic counselors
explain things in ways they could understand
and the next benefit is psychosocial support
that the genetic counselor spoke of
providing psychosocial support
largely in terms of listening
invalidating concerns
empowering the client
and in providing supportive counseling
with regard to decision making
the clients over often spoke of psychosocial support
in terms of the
encouragement they received during their
genetic counseling
the next benefit is antisipatory guidance
so
a distinction was made between antisipatory guidance
with regards to medical aspects of a disorder
giving them advice about what the
not
giving them guidance about what the natural history
the disease is
and what steps might be recommended at certain times
on the line and psychosocial and despiratory guidance
just preparing for possible feelings
that might come about in the future
in the next is um facilitating family communication
so this improvement resulted from the
emphasis on the family
in genetic counseling session
or from the inclusion of partners or other relatives
in the session
about one
half of the clients spoke about how genetic counseling
in one way or another LED to improve communication
either with their partner or within their family
and the next is aid in decision making
the genetic counselors agree that helping clients
reach decisions
is an important goal of
genetic counseling
and that a good and autonomous decision
could be an outcome
the use of language is important
because
genetic counseling is dependent on communication
in the meanings and implications of terminology
commonly used in health may be altered
in discussing genetic issues
the language may have
a very different impact on the patients and clients
or face to the diagnosis
in themselves or in their feet
a child the genetic information is complex
and needs to be presented in a meaningful and non
judgmental way that is relevant to the individual
needs to be planned
the teachable moment
is the point at which an individual
couple or family
most able to comprehend
and absorb the information being given
most each of more
each of our moments might come later
after the initial information has been absorbed
and the person has
formulated questions related to the significance
of genetic information so
this is usually after some of the early shock
and denial have subsided
the non directiveness is the term coined by Carl Rogers
describe his
psychotherapeutic approach of not advising
interpreting or guiding his clients
so this should not be taken
it should not be mistaken for positivity
the commitment to non directive messenger
at Genetic Counseling arises from respect for
or the parents autonomy institution thinking
this is generally taken to mean that genetic conceptors
and clinical geneticists
are trying to help their clients arrive
the best decisions from personal perspectives
and they're not guiding them towards any particular
decision
something
sounds like genetic counseling should be non directive
are
people at risk often
have first hand experience of
the condition in question
unlike most of their advisors
they have to learn all the facts
think the issues
and reach a decision that they must live with
for the rest of their lives
the right choice for a given individual
among the options actually available
is likely to be determined by many factors
including their social and religious attitude
personal experiences economic and educational level
and family and reproductivity
the 4 that they call points
is genetic counseling really important
short answer is yes genetic counseling is a process
genetic counseling differs for each individual
communication and use of language are important
take advantage the teachable movement
non directiveness is encouraged
and personal beliefs and feelings of the parent
or patient
must be acknowledged to better understand them
that is my presentation for today
and thank you for your attention
I am Angela Pasqua and I will be cursing
the importance of genetic concept you need
the contents of my president
we are as fathers over the
on issues and the impact in the the net incomes
the
umbrella
both are caused by mutations
and are the chance in the alpha or better
when GP effects cause him of even synthesis
the orders this gets rise the cavity yeah
long even structure in these cases are not
when they cost changes in hivon living structure
this gives you guys the abnormal
The Road
Health Organization estimates that group of the
at least 5% of adults are genetic areas
for a hip hop in condition
about 2.9% for Palestines
has because he discussed
genetic counseling
is the process of helping people understand and adapt
the medical psychological
and familiar implication genetic contributions
this process integrates
interpretation of family and medical studies
education about inheritance testing
management revenge
gun resources and research
and counseling to promote informed places
adaptation to the risk or condition
genetic counseling focuses and understanding
accepting and adapting to a genetic diagnosis or is
and their impact on the individual
at a family member is already affected with condition
and the clients are seeking to understand
the diagnosis prognosis and the recurgence
so in a genetic answering session
we discuss the client understanding
of course as it relates for scientific explanation
and the client's reputation
explore the role of personal belief
and the role in adaptation
and to promote feelings with personal control
and mastery home vision ethical
I will now be discussing some issues
and concerns of individual planets affected with him
but the first
issue is beliefs regarding the cause of the disease
so this is from a qualative study
Idan Amore
Malaysian patients with alasemia
it was observed that patients understood
alasemia as it is inhabited from parents with alasemia
genes was also found
that blood transfusion is the most important treatment
to those with alasemia
especially that palestinia
major in and intermediate vaccine
and most of the participants admitted
having inherited palestinia
from their parents because of a genetic factor
patients perceive that
early screening can benefit them
and by knowing the severity of the disease
they can take approach actions
what does it mean
if a disorder seems to run in my family
particular particular disorder
might be described as running in the family
if more than one person in the family has
some disorders that affect multiple family members
are caused by patients
which can be inherited as known for parent
the child
and other conditions that appear to run in families
are not caused by mutations in single
environmental factors
such as dietary habits or a combination
genetic
environmental factors are responsible for these burgers
the next issue for the patient and family is built
and so these are studies um from Malaysia and
some parents indicated during the discussion
that if they had known they were carriers
they would have
changed their decision about their presence house
however
some said they would have proceeded with a marriage
but refrain from having children
and other lessons affected without a senior engage
either in self or other directed
their data showed that all
educated respondents blame others
either their parents or the medical professional
majority blame their parents
lack of medical information
awareness and
if you reported medical apathy and insensitivity
as the main reasons
the birth of a child with a genetic or congenital
defect is frequently associated with thoughts
and feelings of guilt and shame
in the parents
these psychological responses are observed
frequently in genetic counseling
as parents review this vertical details
and struggle to find these causes
and meaning in the occurrence
the next issue is risk perception
when autosomal recessive condition
there is a 25% switch
does the global view that 25% as the big or small risk
over estimates reproductive risk
may lead to long term decision or go marriage
and the next issue is to be sung
or returns for contemption
so this was done in Iran this is a descriptive
scripting study that was designed to investigate
the reproductive behaviors
in families
the palace each mothers participated in the study
they have at least one child affected with that
the findings of their research indicated that
the reason for conception
among these mothers was to have a healthy child
to have a child
and some have an inadequate number of children
Um iilan
Ang mga ina ay nagkaroon ng genetic consultation bago ang kasal
at ito ay ipinakita sa pag-aaral
na pagkatapos ng kapanganakan ng unang naghihirap na bata
nagkaroon ng pagtaas sa rate
mga pagbisita para sa konsultasyon
pupunta tayo ngayon sa epekto ng
genetic counseling sa mga apektadong pamilya
ayon sa pag-aaral na ito
sa epekto ng Newborn screening
at genetic counseling sa buhay ng mga pamilya
kung saan ang isang abnormal na hemoglobin
Natukoy ang katangian
genetic na pagpapayo
After detection sa abnormal na pagsasalita ng Newborn
ay isang positibong karanasan
nasagot ang mga tanong
at tinutugunan sa kasiyahan ng kliyente
bagaman dati
nagkaroon ng limitadong talakayan tungkol sa sickle cell
katangian sa loob ng mga pamilya
pagkatapos ng genetic counseling
nagkaroon ng pagiging bukas na tinalakay ang mga kasosyong ito
Ang pagpapayo ay kapaki-pakinabang sa kanilang mga pamilya
ay maliwanag mula sa katotohanan na
sa kabila ng mga alalahanin
na tumatanggap ng abnormal na impormasyon ng katangian
sa loob mismo ay nagdudulot ng pagkabalisa
ang mga kalahok
Napakaraming nag-ulat ng kaluwagan ng pagkabalisa
pagkatapos ng kanilang paninigas ng dumi
ilang mga magulang ang nagpahiwatig na sila ay nagkasala o nabalisa
na ang kanilang anak ay may abnormal na demo ng kalakalan
ang mga magulang na naglalarawan ng pakiramdam na nagkasala o nabalisa
sa pag-aaral ng kalakalan sa kanilang sanggol
Maaaring naramdaman ang mga emosyong ito mula sa impormasyon
sa halip na ang genetic counsel
Naniniwala ang ilan na sinisi sila ng kanilang partner
para sa mga matatanda ng kanilang anak
bilang karagdagang patunay ng kanilang positibong karanasan
ipinahiwatig ng karamihan ng mga indibidwal na tagapaglingkod
na magrerekomenda sila ng genetic counseling
at mga ama ng kamatayan
ito ang mga kinalabasan
at mga benepisyo ng genetic counseling
batay sa mga resulta ng pag-aaral ni Bernhard
at mga kasamahan kaya
ang una ay ang pagbibigay ng impormasyon
at pagkuha ng kolehiyo
na ang mga genetic counselor na nakapanayam sa pag-aaral
sumang-ayon na ang pagpapabuti ng kaalaman ng kliyente
pangunahing layunin ng genetic counseling
kinikilala nila na maraming kliyente ang gusto ng grado
ng impormasyon
karamihan sa mga kliyente ay gumawa ng isang punto ng pagkomento sa kung paano ang
Pulis sila noon
hindi lamang sa nilalaman
ngunit sa paraan kung saan ibinigay ang impormasyon
sabi ng ilang kliyente
ang pagbisita sa genetic counseling ay mahalaga
dahil tinulungan sila ng genetic counselor
Suriin ang impormasyong kanilang natanggap
mula sa iba pang mga mapagkukunan tulad ng mga libro o internet
nakapanayam din ang mga kliyente
kinikilala
na ang impormasyon tungkol sa genetika ay kumplikado
at pinahahalagahan ang mga pagsisikap ng mga genetic counselor
Ipaliwanag ang mga bagay sa mga paraan na mauunawaan nila
at ang susunod na benepisyo ay psychosocial support
na binanggit ng genetic counselor
pagbibigay ng psychosocial na suporta
higit sa lahat sa mga tuntunin ng pakikinig
nagpapawalang-bisa sa mga alalahanin
pagbibigay kapangyarihan sa kliyente
at sa pagbibigay ng suportang pagpapayo
patungkol sa paggawa ng desisyon
madalas magsalita ang mga kliyente tungkol sa suportang psychosocial
sa mga tuntunin ng
paghihikayat na kanilang natanggap sa panahon ng kanilang
genetic na pagpapayo
ang susunod na benepisyo ay antisipatory guidance
kaya
isang pagkakaiba ang ginawa sa pagitan ng antisipatory guidance
patungkol sa mga medikal na aspeto ng isang karamdaman
pagbibigay sa kanila ng payo tungkol sa kung ano ang
hindi
pagbibigay sa kanila ng gabay tungkol sa kung ano ang natural na kasaysayan
ang sakit ay
at kung anong mga hakbang ang maaaring irekomenda sa ilang partikular na oras
On the line at psychosocial at despiratory na patnubay
Naghahanda lang para sa mga posibleng nararamdaman
na maaaring mangyari sa hinaharap
sa susunod ay um facilitating family communication
kaya ang pagpapabuti na ito ay nagresulta mula sa
diin sa pamilya
sa sesyon ng genetic counseling
o mula sa pagsasama ng mga kasosyo o iba pang mga kamag-anak
sa session
tungkol sa isa
kalahati ng mga kliyente ay nagsalita tungkol sa kung paano genetic counseling
sa isang paraan o ibang LED upang mapabuti ang komunikasyon
alinman sa kanilang kapareha o sa loob ng kanilang pamilya
at ang susunod ay tulong sa paggawa ng desisyon
Sumasang-ayon ang mga genetic counselor na ang pagtulong sa mga kliyente
maabot ang mga desisyon
ay isang mahalagang layunin ng
genetic na pagpapayo
at iyon ay isang mahusay at nagsasarili na desisyon
maaaring maging resulta
ang paggamit ng wika ay mahalaga
kasi
Ang genetic counseling ay nakasalalay sa komunikasyon
sa mga kahulugan at implikasyon ng terminolohiya
Karaniwang ginagamit sa kalusugan ay maaaring mabago
sa pagtalakay sa mga isyung genetic
maaaring mayroon ang wika
ibang-iba ang epekto sa mga pasyente at kliyente
o harapin ang diagnosis
sa kanilang sarili o sa kanilang mga paa
isang bata ang genetic na impormasyon ay kumplikado
at kailangang iharap sa isang makabuluhan at hindi
mapanghusgang paraan na may kaugnayan sa indibidwal
kailangang planuhin
ang sandali na madaling turuan
ay ang punto kung saan ang isang indibidwal
mag-asawa o pamilya
pinaka kayang intindihin
at sumipsip ng impormasyong ibinibigay
karamihan sa bawat isa sa higit pa
Baka mamaya dumating ang bawat sandali natin
pagkatapos ma-absorb ang paunang impormasyon
at ang tao ay mayroon
mga nabuong tanong na may kaugnayan sa kahalagahan
ng genetic information kaya
Ito ay karaniwang pagkatapos ng ilang maagang pagkabigla
at humupa na ang pagtanggi
The non directiveness ay ang terminong likha ni Carl Rogers
ilarawan ang kanyang
Psychotherapeutic na diskarte ng hindi pagpapayo
Pagbibigay-kahulugan o paggabay sa kanyang mga kliyente
kaya hindi ito dapat kunin
hindi ito dapat ipagkamali sa pagiging positibo
ang pangako sa hindi direktiba na mensahero
At ang Genetic Counseling ay nagmumula sa paggalang sa
o ang mga magulang awtonomiya institusyon pag-iisip
ito ay karaniwang kinuha sa ibig sabihin na genetic conceptors
at mga klinikal na geneticist
Sinusubukang tulungan ang kanilang mga kliyente na makarating
ang pinakamahusay na mga desisyon mula sa mga personal na pananaw
at hindi nila ginagabayan sila patungo sa anumang partikular
desisyon
isang bagay
parang hindi direktiba ang genetic counseling
ay
mga taong nasa panganib madalas
magkaroon ng unang karanasan sa
ang kondisyong pinag-uusapan
Hindi tulad ng karamihan sa kanilang mga tagapayo
kailangan nilang matutunan ang lahat ng katotohanan
isipin ang mga isyu
at maabot ang isang desisyon na dapat nilang mabuhay
para sa natitirang bahagi ng kanilang buhay
ang tamang pagpipilian para sa isang partikular na indibidwal
kabilang sa mga opsyon na aktwal na magagamit
ay malamang na matukoy ng maraming mga kadahilanan
kasama ang kanilang panlipunan at relihiyosong saloobin
mga personal na karanasan sa antas ng ekonomiya at edukasyon
at pamilya at reproductivity
The 4 na tinatawag nilang points
Mahalaga ba talaga ang genetic counseling
Ang maikling sagot ay oo ang genetic counseling ay isang proseso
Ang genetic counseling ay naiiba para sa bawat indibidwal
Mahalaga ang komunikasyon at paggamit ng wika
Samantalahin ang kilusang madaling turuan
Hinihikayat ang hindi direktiba
at personal na paniniwala at damdamin ng magulang
o pasyente
Dapat kilalanin upang mas maunawaan ang mga ito
yan ang presentation ko para sa araw na ito
at salamat sa iyong atensyon
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