Kerangka Gender dan perbedaannya dengan seks

Summary

In this introductory lecture on gender and social justice, the speaker, Arvie Johan, clarifies the distinction between 'gender' and 'sex'. He explains that gender is a social construct with cultural variations, contrasting it with sex, which is a biological distinction between male and female. The lecture explores the evolving nature of gender roles and attributes, emphasizing their fluidity and the potential for both men and women to exhibit traditionally associated masculine or feminine traits. Examples such as Margaretha, known as the 'Iron Lady' for her tenacity, are used to illustrate the point. The speaker concludes by highlighting the importance of understanding the difference between sex and gender in societal contexts.

Takeaways

• 📚 The speaker, Arvie Johan, introduces a lecture on the first topic of a gender and social justice course.
• 🔍 The distinction between 'gender' and 'sex' is explored, emphasizing that gender is a social construct, unlike sex, which is biological.
• 🌟 Gender is defined as evolving societal and cultural constructs that differentiate masculine and feminine traits, while sex refers to the clear biological differences between males and females.
• 👦🏻👧🏻 Biological sex characteristics are described, such as males having a penis and sperm, and females having a vagina, womb, and breasts, each with reproductive potential.
• 💪 The script challenges traditional gender roles by highlighting that traits like assertiveness and emotional sensitivity are not exclusive to any sex.
• 🌐 It is acknowledged that societal perceptions often mix up the concepts of sex and gender, attributing feminine and masculine traits incorrectly.
• 👩‍🏫 The example of Margaretha, a strong-willed woman known for her discipline in the stock market, is given to illustrate that women can possess traditionally masculine traits.
• 🌱 The script also points out that men can have hobbies and interests typically associated with femininity, such as gardening and caring for plants.
• 👨‍👧‍👦 The roles of men and women in caregiving and nurturing are discussed, showing that these roles are not strictly gendered.
• 👩‍⚖️ Women can take on professional roles traditionally held by men, such as being a lawyer or a judge, demonstrating the fluidity of gender roles in the workplace.
• 🔄 The concept of gender is shown to be dynamic and subject to change over time, influenced by societal development and thought processes.
• 👑 An analogy is made comparing the perception of a strong leader in the past, who might have been seen as physically imposing, to the modern understanding that strength is not solely about physical appearance.

Q & A

What is the main topic of the lecture?

The main topic of the lecture is the difference between gender and sex, as discussed within the context of a course on gender and social justice.

What are the sources of literature mentioned in the script?

The script references literature from Faqih (1996), Abdullah (2003), and Raharjo (1997) to explain the concepts of gender and sex.

How do the mentioned literature sources define 'gender'?

According to the literature, 'gender' is defined as a social and cultural construction that distinguishes between masculine and feminine attributes, different from biological sex.

What is the biological aspect of 'sex' as described in the script?

The script describes 'sex' as a biological aspect that is clear and unchanging, determined by God, with males having penises and sperm for reproduction, and females having vaginas, breasts, and wombs for potential childbearing.

How does the script differentiate between masculine and feminine traits?

Masculine traits are described as toughness, courage, and possibly stubbornness, while feminine traits are associated with being emotional, patient, empathetic, and so on.

Can individuals of one sex possess traits typically associated with the opposite sex?

Yes, the script acknowledges that individuals can possess traits typically associated with the opposite sex, such as women being tough or men being emotional.

What is an example given in the script to illustrate the fluidity of gender traits?

The script mentions Margaretha, a woman known for her tough stance and principles in defending the discipline of the market, who is nicknamed 'Iron Lady', showing that women can have traditionally masculine traits.

How does the script use the example of a leader to explain the evolution of social constructs?

The script uses the analogy of a leader from the past, such as a Mataram king, who would have been seen as strong due to a large, adorned body, compared to modern perceptions of strength that are not necessarily tied to physical size or obesity.

What does the script suggest about the future understanding of gender and sex?

The script suggests that the understanding of gender and sex will continue to evolve and change according to societal developments and shifts in thought.

How does the script conclude the discussion on gender and sex?

The script concludes by reiterating the difference between gender, which is an evolving social construct, and sex, which is a fixed biological aspect.

What is the closing statement of the lecturer?

The lecturer ends with a traditional Islamic greeting, 'Wassalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh', which translates to 'Peace be upon you, and peace and mercy of God.'