Tema 4 || B. Perdagangan Internasional, IPS Kelas 8, kurikulum merdeka

Summary

This educational video focuses on the concepts of international trade and economic cooperation, highlighting key topics such as exports, imports, and the role of foreign exchange in trade. It explains how international trade operates through agreements between nations, with examples like the Silk Road and modern online shopping. Additionally, the video covers factors influencing trade, such as resource differences, technology, and local policies, and discusses the significance of economic cooperation between countries for mutual growth. It also touches on the impact of technology on production and distribution, and Indonesia's role in international economic organizations.

Takeaways

• 😀 International trade is the buying and selling of goods between countries based on mutual agreements, involving individuals, groups, institutions, or governments.
• 😀 The Silk Road was one of the earliest examples of international trade, connecting the East and the West, including sea routes passing through Indonesia.
• 😀 Export refers to selling goods to other countries to earn foreign exchange (devisas), while import refers to buying goods from abroad using foreign exchange.
• 😀 Examples of imported goods include oil, gas, coffee, fish, and palm oil.
• 😀 Foreign exchange (devisas) includes export earnings and foreign loans, and foreign currencies are referred to as 'paluta asing'.
• 😀 Payment methods in international trade include cash, bank transfers, commercial bills of exchange, letters of credit, and open accounts.
• 😀 Factors driving international trade include differences in natural resources, technology, production cost efficiency, domestic needs, currency differences, and government policies.
• 😀 International trade policies such as tariffs, quotas, bans, subsidies, and premiums are used to protect local products from foreign competition.
• 😀 Economic cooperation between countries aims to fulfill common needs, expand markets, increase production and economic growth, and maintain world peace.
• 😀 Indonesia actively participates in international organizations like APTA, APEC, ASEAN, and institutions like the UN, IMF, World Bank, WTO, and others to foster international trade and cooperation.
• 😀 The negative impacts of international cooperation may include local products losing competitiveness and potential job losses due to foreign labor, while the benefits include increased investment, job creation, and improved local products.

Q & A

What is international trade?

International trade refers to the buying and selling of goods and services between countries. It involves agreements between individuals, groups, institutions, or governments.

What is an example of international trade in practice?

One example of international trade is shopping online from foreign countries, where goods are bought and sold across borders.

What is the Silk Road, and how is it related to international trade?

The Silk Road was an ancient network of trade routes connecting the East and West. It is an early example of international trade, facilitating the exchange of goods between different regions, including through maritime routes passing through Indonesia.

What is the difference between export and import?

Export refers to selling goods to other countries to earn foreign exchange, while import refers to buying goods from other countries using foreign exchange.

Can you give examples of goods that are commonly imported by Indonesia?

Indonesia imports goods like oil and gas (migas) and non-oil and gas products such as coffee, fish, and palm oil.

What is foreign exchange (devisa), and how is it obtained?

Foreign exchange, or devisa, is the currency used in international trade. It is obtained from the proceeds of exports and foreign loans.

What are the different methods of payment in international trade?

In international trade, payments can be made through various methods, including cash, bank drafts, commercial bills of exchange, letters of credit, and open accounts.

What are the main factors that drive international trade?

Key factors include differences in natural resources, technology, production efficiency, domestic needs, currency differences, and policies such as tariffs, quotas, and subsidies.

What are the benefits of international economic cooperation?

International economic cooperation helps expand markets, increase production, foster economic growth, meet shared needs, and reduce poverty.

How does science and technology (IPTEK) influence economic development?

Science and technology contribute to economic development by simplifying production processes, enabling faster distribution through online platforms, and improving consumption access via apps. These innovations help in the growth and equitable distribution of welfare.