Siklus menstruasi - Grafik siklus menstruasi dan penjelasannya

Summary

This video from Akademi Kebidanan Sentra Bina Yudistira explains the menstrual cycle in detail. It begins with an introduction to menstruation, highlighting the release of the endometrium and the related hormonal processes. The video covers the four phases of the menstrual cycle: menstruation, pre-ovulation, ovulation, and post-ovulation, with a focus on hormonal changes and their impact on the body. The presentation also explains the roles of FSH, LH, estrogen, and progesterone, and concludes with an explanation of how these processes prepare the body for pregnancy or menstruation.

Takeaways

• 😀 Menstruation is the process of shedding the endometrium or uterine lining, accompanied by bleeding. This occurs monthly, preparing the body for possible pregnancy.
• 😀 The average blood loss during menstruation is around 35 milliliters per day, with a range of 10 to 80 milliliters.
• 😀 The menstrual cycle consists of four phases: Menstrual phase, Pre-ovulation (Follicular) phase, Ovulation phase, and Post-ovulation (Luteal) phase.
• 😀 Hormones like FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone), LH (Luteinizing Hormone), estrogen, and progesterone play a critical role in regulating the menstrual cycle.
• 😀 The Menstrual phase begins when there is no fertilization, leading to a decrease in progesterone and the shedding of the uterine lining.
• 😀 The Pre-ovulation or Follicular phase sees the maturation of the egg, with estrogen rising and preparing the uterine lining for a potential pregnancy.
• 😀 The Ovulation phase is marked by a sharp spike in LH and FSH, causing the ovary to release an egg.
• 😀 In the Post-ovulation (Luteal) phase, the ruptured follicle forms the corpus luteum, which secretes progesterone to maintain the uterine lining.
• 😀 A rise in basal body temperature occurs during the luteal phase, signaling a fertile period post-ovulation.
• 😀 If the egg is not fertilized, the corpus luteum deteriorates, leading to a decrease in hormones and the start of menstruation.
• 😀 The entire menstrual cycle prepares the body for pregnancy, but if fertilization does not occur, menstruation ensures the cycle begins anew.

Q & A

What is menstruation?

Menstruation is the shedding of the endometrium (lining of the uterus), accompanied by bleeding, which occurs every month. This process happens when the endometrium is no longer needed for the implantation of a fertilized egg.

How much blood is typically lost during menstruation?

The average blood loss during menstruation is about 35 ml per day, with the total amount ranging from 10 ml to 80 ml per day.

What are the four phases of the menstrual cycle?

The menstrual cycle consists of four phases: the menstruation phase, the pre-ovulation (follicular) phase, the ovulation phase, and the post-ovulation (luteal) phase.

What happens during the menstruation phase?

During the menstruation phase, the levels of progesterone drop, leading to the shedding of the uterine lining. Hormones like FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) and LH (luteinizing hormone), along with estrogen, help to prepare the egg for ovulation.

How long does the menstruation phase typically last?

The menstruation phase generally lasts between 3 to 7 days, with an average duration of 5 days.

What is the pre-ovulation (follicular) phase?

The pre-ovulation (follicular) phase occurs when the ovum (egg) matures. In this phase, FSH and LH hormones slightly decrease, while estrogen levels rise, causing the uterine lining to thicken in preparation for a potential pregnancy.

What triggers ovulation?

Ovulation is triggered by a sudden surge in LH and FSH hormones, which causes the follicle to rupture, releasing the mature egg from the ovary.

What is the role of estrogen and progesterone in the luteal phase?

In the luteal phase, the corpus luteum, formed from the ruptured follicle, secretes progesterone, which helps maintain the uterine lining and supports a potential pregnancy. Estrogen works alongside progesterone to stabilize the uterine environment.

What happens when the corpus luteum disintegrates?

When the corpus luteum disintegrates, it stops producing estrogen and progesterone. This hormonal decrease leads to the shedding of the uterine lining, resulting in menstruation if pregnancy does not occur.

What does the basal body temperature indicate in the luteal phase?

During the luteal phase, an increase in progesterone raises the basal body temperature, signaling that the body is in a fertile state following ovulation.