Kenapa UU TNI Banyak Ditolak? Ada Contoh Negara-negara Lain! Seberapa Mengerikan? | LearnByGoogling

Summary

This video script discusses the potential risks of military involvement in civilian governance, particularly through the lens of recent events in countries like Myanmar, Thailand, and South Korea. The presenter delves into the dangers of military control, including restrictions on freedoms, censorship, and violence against protestors. While acknowledging some historical economic improvements under military regimes, the script warns of the significant costs, such as authoritarianism and human rights abuses. The presenter also explores Indonesia's situation with its ongoing military law discussions and hopes the country will avoid repeating the mistakes of other military-ruled nations.

Takeaways

• 😀 The potential revision of the TNI (Indonesian National Army) law has sparked public protests due to concerns over expanding military influence in civilian matters.
• 😀 The draft of the TNI law has been controversial, with critics fearing it would increase the military's power over civilian governance, leading to a less democratic system.
• 😀 Militaries have a command-based hierarchical structure, which is suited for warfare but is incompatible with democratic civilian governance, which relies on consensus and discussion.
• 😀 Military officials, who are equipped with weapons and military power, leading civilian institutions could undermine civilian authority and potentially create an authoritarian system.
• 😀 A key argument against military involvement in civilian governance is the unfair advantage they have due to their access to weapons and their training in command structures.
• 😀 The example of Myanmar highlights the dangers of military control, as the military took over the government in 2021, suppressed protests, and blocked communication channels, leading to significant violence.
• 😀 The military in Myanmar utilized its power to silence dissent, including imposing martial law, restricting media, and using lethal force against anti-coup demonstrators.
• 😀 Thailand's military also gained control through a coup in 2014, citing national emergency conditions, and has faced criticism for suppressing pro-democracy protests and curbing media freedom.
• 😀 South Korea's military history includes periods of military rule, notably under Park Chung-hee and Chun Doo-hwan, where despite economic improvements, human rights abuses and political oppression were rampant.
• 😀 Historical examples from countries like Myanmar, Thailand, and South Korea show that while military regimes may bring short-term stability or economic growth, they often lead to severe long-term social, political, and human rights issues.
• 😀 The speaker hopes that the fears surrounding the new TNI law do not materialize into a situation where the military assumes too much control over civilian matters, as seen in other countries with military regimes.

Q & A

What is the concern raised regarding the TNI (Indonesian National Army) law revision?

The concern is that the revision may increase the military's authority in civilian areas, potentially allowing the military to have more power and control over non-military functions in Indonesia, which could undermine democratic processes.

Why do some people fear that the military could misuse its power in civilian governance?

People fear that the military, with its hierarchical structure and access to weapons, may resort to using force to control civilian affairs, potentially leading to authoritarian practices rather than democratic deliberation.

What historical examples are used to illustrate the dangers of military rule?

Examples from Myanmar, Thailand, South Korea, and Chile are used to highlight the potential dangers of military rule, including suppression of protests, restriction of freedoms, and the use of violence to maintain control.

How did the military coup in Myanmar unfold in 2021?

In Myanmar, the military conducted a coup in February 2021, seizing power after accusing the 2020 elections of being fraudulent. They detained political leaders, including Aung San Suu Kyi, and imposed military rule, resulting in widespread protests and violent crackdowns.

What was the response of the military to the protests in Myanmar following the coup?

The military responded to the protests with force, including the use of armed soldiers against demonstrators, resulting in many deaths. They also imposed communication blackouts and curfews, severely restricting citizens' rights.

How did the military junta in Thailand come to power in 2014?

The Thai military took power in 2014 after a period of political crisis, justifying the coup by claiming it was necessary to restore order. General Prayut Chan-o-cha led the military coup and eventually served as the country's Prime Minister.

What are the similarities between Myanmar and Thailand's military regimes?

Both countries experienced military coups where the military took control after accusing the civilian government of failure, and both regimes faced significant protests and opposition, which were suppressed using military force.

How did the South Korean military regime in the 1960s and 1980s impact the country's democracy?

South Korea's military regimes, led by figures like Park Chun-hee and Chun Doo-hwan, were marked by harsh repression of political opposition, control over the media, and violent suppression of pro-democracy protests, such as the Gwangju Uprising, although they also contributed to the country’s economic development.

What was the Gwangju Uprising in South Korea, and how did the military respond?

The Gwangju Uprising in 1980 was a pro-democracy movement that was violently suppressed by the military. The military used tanks, helicopters, and live ammunition to crush the protests, resulting in many civilian casualties.

How did Chile’s military dictatorship under Augusto Pinochet affect the country?

Augusto Pinochet’s military dictatorship in Chile, which began in 1973 following a coup, led to widespread human rights violations, including torture and extrajudicial killings. Despite initial support from the U.S. and certain segments of Chilean society, the country faced severe economic challenges, such as rising unemployment and poverty.