APA ITU GOVERNANCE? MENGAPA CARA PANDANG INI PENTING?

Summary

In this video, Hendra Kiri Arfianto explains the key differences between 'government' and 'governance,' offering an insightful discussion for political science students. He recounts a personal experience where students struggle to distinguish between the two terms, which often get conflated. Arfianto simplifies these complex concepts, explaining that 'government' refers to the state authority while 'governance' emphasizes multi-actor collaboration, including government, markets, and society. Through real-world examples, he highlights the shift from top-down decision-making to a more inclusive, consensus-driven approach in governance, stressing the importance of participation in managing public affairs.

Takeaways

• 😀 The key difference between 'government' and 'governance' lies in the involvement of multiple actors, with governance emphasizing collaboration between the government, society, and the market.
• 😀 'Government' is traditionally seen as the central authority managing public affairs, while 'governance' refers to a broader framework involving various stakeholders in decision-making processes.
• 😀 The shift from government to governance emerged from the recognition that large government systems often failed in managing public affairs, particularly during the 1980s and 1990s.
• 😀 Good governance involves transparency, participation, and consensus-building among diverse actors, while bad governance results from top-down, exclusionary decision-making.
• 😀 The 1989 Sub-Saharan Africa report highlighted the failures of centralized governance and called for a multi-actor approach to public management, which is the basis for modern governance theory.
• 😀 Governance recognizes the legitimacy and authority of multiple actors in public affairs, making it a more inclusive and democratic approach than traditional government control.
• 😀 Horizontal relationships between actors in governance lead to a more equal distribution of power and decision-making authority, as opposed to the vertical, top-down structure of government.
• 😀 Consensus-building is a key characteristic of governance, with the goal of accommodating the interests and perspectives of all involved actors in public decision-making.
• 😀 Public administrators should adopt a mindset of inclusivity, ensuring that all relevant stakeholders have a role in the decision-making process, especially when dealing with public issues.
• 😀 The role of future public administration students is to contribute to governance by ensuring that policies and decisions are made with broad participation, rather than being solely government-determined.

Q & A

What is the main difference between government and governance?

Government refers to the institutions and processes through which political power is exercised by the state, while governance emphasizes the broader process of managing public affairs, involving multiple actors like the state, market, and society, not just the government.

Why was the question about the difference between government and governance raised?

The question was raised to address a common misunderstanding among students, particularly those in public administration, who may view government and governance as synonymous. The speaker aims to clarify this distinction for better understanding.

What was the initial response of the students when asked about the difference between government and governance?

The students gave basic answers, equating government to the state or the administration and governance to the process of managing public affairs. These responses were seen as simplistic and not reflective of the complexities of governance theory.

What is the significance of the governance concept emerging in the 1980s?

The emergence of governance in the 1980s signified a shift towards more inclusive and collaborative approaches to managing public affairs. This was a response to the failures of traditional government models, which were seen as overly centralized and ineffective in addressing public issues.

How did the 1989 report on Sub-Saharan Africa contribute to the development of governance theory?

The 1989 report introduced the idea that governance involves multiple actors, including the government, the market, and society, working together to address public issues. This report highlighted the failure of centralized government approaches and called for a more collaborative model.

What are the key features of governance, according to the speaker?

Key features of governance include multi-actor participation, where various stakeholders, including government, market, and society, are involved in decision-making. Governance also emphasizes horizontal relationships among actors, as opposed to the vertical authority seen in traditional government models.

How does governance differ from the traditional government approach in terms of decision-making?

In governance, decisions are made through negotiation and consensus-building among multiple actors, rather than being made unilaterally by the government. This process ensures that the interests of various groups are considered in public policy.

What does the term 'bad governance' refer to?

Bad governance refers to decision-making processes that are made unilaterally by the government without involving other stakeholders. This can lead to problems like corruption, human rights violations, and social inequalities.

Why is it important for future public administrators to understand the concept of governance?

Understanding governance is crucial for public administrators because they need to engage with multiple actors in decision-making processes. It encourages inclusivity and collaboration, ensuring that policies reflect the interests and needs of various stakeholders in society.

How should public administrators apply the principles of governance in their work?

Public administrators should open up decision-making processes to include participation from diverse actors, such as communities, businesses, and academics. They should foster dialogue, ensure transparency, and prioritize consensus-building when making public policies.