Online Course on Sustainability Indonesia : Peluang dan Tantangan Adaptasi Perubahan Iklim UIGM

Summary

This video discusses the critical challenges and opportunities related to climate change adaptation in Indonesia. It highlights the significant rise in greenhouse gas emissions from sectors such as power, industry, and transportation, alongside efforts to reduce these emissions through renewable energy adoption. Notable initiatives include the use of solar energy, waste management technologies like pyrolysis, and carbon capture solutions like mangrove forests. The video emphasizes the importance of local and national actions to meet climate goals and reduce emissions, offering hope through technological innovation and sustainable practices.

Takeaways

• 😀 Indonesia is facing significant challenges in climate change adaptation due to natural disasters, deforestation, and rising greenhouse gas emissions.
• 😀 Greenhouse gas emissions have drastically increased in certain sectors, such as power industries and transportation, with a 300% rise since 1990.
• 😀 Despite population growth, greenhouse gas emissions in Indonesia have tripled from 427,000 tons in 1990 to 1.2 million tons in 2022.
• 😀 The primary contributors to greenhouse gas emissions in Indonesia are carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide.
• 😀 Renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, hydro, geothermal, and biofuels, are becoming increasingly important in Indonesia's energy mix.
• 😀 Renewable energy's contribution to Indonesia's national energy mix has increased from 10.7% in 2014 to 25% in 2021.
• 😀 Indonesia has committed to reducing carbon emissions by 26% by 2030, with hopes of achieving or exceeding this goal.
• 😀 The Universitas Pancasila is actively engaged in climate adaptation efforts, including waste sorting machines, pyrolysis technology, and biodigesters for organic waste.
• 😀 The university is also working on innovative energy solutions like thermal energy storage and solar-powered fish drying systems in Sulawesi Selatan.
• 😀 Air quality monitoring at Universitas Pancasila shows that campus air quality is largely clean, with all areas falling below the acceptable pollution threshold.
• 😀 The Indonesian government and private sector are pursuing major projects to reduce carbon emissions, such as the floating solar panels at Cirata Reservoir, one of Southeast Asia's largest renewable energy projects.
• 😀 Mangroves and other coastal ecosystems are key to mitigating climate change through carbon capture, contributing significantly to global carbon reduction efforts.

Q & A

What are the key challenges in climate change adaptation as discussed in the script?

The key challenges in climate change adaptation include deforestation, droughts, ice melting at the poles, storms, and rising sea surface temperatures. These issues are compounded by human activities contributing to greenhouse gas emissions.

Which sectors are responsible for the most significant greenhouse gas emissions?

The sectors responsible for the most significant greenhouse gas emissions include power industry, industrial combustion and processes, and transportation. These sectors have seen over 300% growth in emissions from 1990 to 2022.

What is the current contribution of renewable energy sources to Indonesia’s energy mix?

Renewable energy sources contributed 25% to Indonesia's energy mix in 2021, a significant increase from 10.7% in the period from 2011 to 2014.

How has Indonesia's population growth affected greenhouse gas emissions?

While Indonesia's population grew from 181.4 million in 1990 to 277 million in 2022, the country's greenhouse gas emissions have increased significantly, roughly tripling from 427,000 to 1.2 million, highlighting the disproportionate impact of industrial growth over population increase.

What renewable energy technologies are mentioned in the transcript?

The renewable energy technologies mentioned include solar power, wind energy, hydropower, geothermal energy, biofuels, and biogas. These technologies are key to Indonesia's strategy to reduce carbon emissions.

What efforts are being made at the University of Pancasila to address climate change?

At the University of Pancasila, efforts include the use of waste processing machines, a pyrolisis machine to decompose plastic waste into fuel, and a biodigester to convert organic waste into methane gas and fertilizer. The university is also involved in solar energy projects for drying fish and improving air quality monitoring.

What is the significance of floating solar panels mentioned in the script?

Floating solar panels, such as those installed at Cirata Reservoir, are significant because they help harness solar energy in a way that minimizes land use and increases energy storage efficiency using thermal energy storage with molten salt.

How does mangrove conservation contribute to climate change mitigation?

Mangrove conservation is essential for climate change mitigation because mangroves act as 'blue carbon' sinks, capturing carbon from the atmosphere and significantly contributing to reducing global greenhouse gas emissions.

What does the increase in emission sectors like power industry and transport indicate?

The increase in emission sectors like power industry and transport indicates the growing reliance on fossil fuel-based energy sources and industrial activities. This growth presents a challenge in meeting global emission reduction targets and highlights the need for greater investment in sustainable technologies.

How does renewable energy adoption in Indonesia contribute to the global fight against climate change?

Indonesia's adoption of renewable energy contributes to the global fight against climate change by reducing its carbon footprint and supporting global emission reduction targets. With a commitment to reduce carbon emissions by 26% by 2030, Indonesia's actions can have a significant positive impact on global sustainability efforts.