Instalasi dan Konfigurasi DNS Server Pada Debian 10 Buster

Summary

This tutorial provides a step-by-step guide to installing and configuring a DNS server using Bind9 on Debian 10 Buster. It covers setting up static IP addresses, installing necessary packages, configuring DNS zone files, and testing the server's functionality. Additionally, the tutorial includes configuring Apache2 to host a simple website, ensuring both DNS resolution and website access are functioning correctly. Perfect for users wanting to learn how to set up a local DNS server and web server on Debian.

Takeaways

• 😀 Setting up a DNS server on Debian 10 (Buster) using BIND9 involves configuring static IP, installing necessary packages, and editing key configuration files.
• 😀 DNS (Domain Name System) translates domain names to IP addresses, allowing users to access websites by typing human-readable URLs instead of numeric IP addresses.
• 😀 To begin, the network adapter must be set to 'Host-only' in VirtualBox to ensure proper isolation and communication between the host and the virtual machine.
• 😀 The static IP address for the DNS server is configured by editing the `/etc/network/interfaces` file, ensuring it doesn’t change after reboot.
• 😀 The installation of BIND9 and DNS utilities is done via the APT package manager using the command `apt-get install bind9 dnsutils`.
• 😀 After installation, the necessary DNS zone files (`db.local`, `db.127`, etc.) must be edited to define both forward and reverse lookup zones.
• 😀 The `named.conf.local` file is modified to specify the zones and their respective configurations for domain name resolution.
• 😀 Testing the DNS setup with `nslookup` ensures that the DNS server is correctly resolving both IP addresses and domain names.
• 😀 A basic Apache2 web server is installed to serve an HTML page, and DNS functionality is tested by accessing the domain and IP in a web browser.
• 😀 After configuring Apache2, DNS queries for the domain name and IP address are tested to confirm that both the DNS and web server are properly working together.
• 😀 This tutorial emphasizes the importance of both DNS and web server setup for a fully functional network environment, suitable for real-world applications.

Q & A

What is DNS and why is it important?

DNS (Domain Name System) is a service that translates domain names (like www.example.com) into IP addresses (like 192.168.1.1). It is important because it enables users to access websites using human-readable names instead of numerical IP addresses.

What is the first step to configure the network in Debian 10 for DNS installation?

The first step is to configure the network settings to use a static IP address. This is done by editing the '/etc/network/interfaces' file and setting the address, netmask, and gateway for the system.

What is the purpose of the file '/etc/network/interfaces' in Debian?

The '/etc/network/interfaces' file is used to configure network interfaces in Debian. It defines settings like IP addresses, netmasks, and gateways for the system's network interfaces.

Which package is used to install a DNS server on Debian 10?

The package used to install a DNS server on Debian 10 is BIND9 (Berkeley Internet Name Domain). It is installed using the command 'apt install bind9 dnsutils'.

What is the role of the 'db.kusnadi' and 'db.10' files in BIND9 configuration?

The 'db.kusnadi' file is a forward zone file used to map domain names to IP addresses, while the 'db.10' file is a reverse zone file that maps IP addresses back to domain names.

How can you test if the DNS server is working correctly on Debian 10?

You can test the DNS server using the 'nslookup' command. For example, you can use 'nslookup 10.10.1.1' to check if the DNS resolves to the correct IP address, or 'nslookup kusnadi.net' to check if the domain resolves correctly.

What is the significance of the 'named.conf.local' file in BIND9 configuration?

The 'named.conf.local' file is used to define the DNS zones in BIND9. It specifies where the forward and reverse zone files are located and how they should be handled by the DNS server.

How do you restart the BIND9 service after making configuration changes?

You can restart the BIND9 service by running the command '/etc/init.d/bind9 restart' or 'systemctl restart bind9'. This ensures that any configuration changes are applied.

What is the purpose of the Apache2 web server in this tutorial?

The Apache2 web server is installed to host a test website, allowing users to test the functionality of the DNS server by accessing the website through the domain name configured in the DNS system.

How can you test the website hosted on Apache2 after setting up DNS?

You can test the website by navigating to 'http://10.10.1.1' or 'http://kusnadi.net' in a web browser. If configured correctly, the web page should display the content created in the 'index.html' file.