[PEMILU 2024] SEJARAH PARTAI POLITIK & PEMILU DI INDONESIA

Summary

This video explores the history of political parties and elections in Indonesia, starting from the early 20th century with the emergence of Budi Utomo in 1908 to the 2019 simultaneous legislative and presidential elections. It explains how political parties serve as a bridge between the government and citizens, the evolution of Indonesia's election system from multipartism to direct elections, and the significance of these elections in shaping public policy. The video offers insights into the complexities of Indonesia's political landscape and its unique multipartite system, encouraging viewers to engage in future elections.

Takeaways

• 😀 Political parties serve as a platform for citizens to participate in the governance of the country, connecting the people with the government.
• 😀 The history of political parties in Indonesia dates back to the establishment of Budi Utomo in 1908, marking the beginning of the national awakening.
• 😀 The first general elections (Pemilu) in Indonesia were held in 1955, with 118 participants, using a multi-party system.
• 😀 The 1971 Pemilu marked the first election in the New Order era, with only 10 political parties participating.
• 😀 From 1977 to 1997, the elections featured a balanced representation system, reducing the number of political parties to just three: P3, Golkar, and PDI.
• 😀 The 1999 Pemilu was the first in the Reformasi era, with 48 political parties participating.
• 😀 In the 2004 election, Indonesia saw a significant change with the direct election of both the President and Vice President, as well as members of the legislature.
• 😀 The 2009 Pemilu was the second direct election, with 44 political parties taking part, including 6 local Aceh parties.
• 😀 The 2014 Pemilu involved 12 national political parties and 3 local parties from Aceh.
• 😀 The 2019 Pemilu was held simultaneously for both legislative and presidential elections, with 16 national parties and 4 local Aceh parties participating.
• 😀 Indonesia’s multi-party system, though complex, demonstrates a unique blend of presidential and multi-party systems, contributing to positive democratic developments.
• 😀 Maintaining a vibrant democracy in Indonesia requires active participation and understanding of the multi-party system, ensuring effective government functionality.

Q & A

What is the role of political parties in Indonesia?

Political parties in Indonesia serve as a medium for citizens to participate in the management of the country. They act as a bridge between the public and the government, helping to channel public aspirations into systematic policies and programs.

How did the history of political parties in Indonesia begin?

The history of political parties in Indonesia began with the establishment of Budi Utomo in 1908, marking the start of the national awakening. This was followed by the formation of various political organizations and parties.

What is the significance of the 1945 November decree regarding political parties?

On November 3, 1945, the government issued a decree supporting the existence of political parties in Indonesia. This marked the beginning of a political contestation through elections, which led to the formation of new political parties.

What is the primary function of political parties in the context of Indonesian elections?

In the context of elections, political parties in Indonesia function as 'brokers of ideas,' organizing and systematizing different public aspirations into clear policies. They also play a role in managing societal differences.

What is the importance of the general election (Pemilu) in Indonesia?

Pemilu, or the general election, is crucial in Indonesia as it determines political leaders and policy directions for the country. It is a key instrument for shaping public policies and ensuring democratic governance.

When was the first general election (Pemilu) held in Indonesia, and how many parties participated?

The first general election in Indonesia was held in 1955, with 118 political parties participating.

How did the general elections change during the New Order era (1971-1997)?

During the New Order era, the 1971 election was the first with a limited number of political parties, with only 10 parties allowed to participate. From 1977 to 1997, the system of proportional representation was adopted, leading to a further reduction in the number of political parties participating in the elections, down to three: P3, Golkar, and PDI.

What was the significance of the 1999 general election in Indonesia?

The 1999 general election was the first after the fall of the New Order regime and marked the beginning of the reform era. It saw 48 political parties participating, reflecting the political changes and the rise of new democratic freedoms.

How did the 2004 general election differ from previous elections in Indonesia?

The 2004 election marked a new era in Indonesia’s political landscape as it introduced direct elections for the President, Vice President, and legislative representatives, empowering the people to vote directly for their leaders.

What is the system used in the 2019 general election, and how did it differ from previous elections?

The 2019 general election in Indonesia was held on the same day for both the legislative and presidential elections, a significant change from previous years. It was the first time the country held simultaneous elections, with 16 national political parties and 4 local parties from Aceh participating.

What is the challenge of implementing a presidential system combined with a multi-party system in Indonesia?

While combining a presidential system with a multi-party system in Indonesia is often considered difficult, the country has managed to make it work. This unique combination has allowed Indonesia to demonstrate a positive development in its democracy, showing that such a system can function effectively despite common challenges.