TEORI TENTANG PERMASALAHAN SOSIAL - Materi Sosiologi Kelas 11 SMA

Summary

In this educational video, the instructor explains three major sociological theories on social problems: Structural Functionalism, Conflict Theory, and Symbolic Interactionism. The video explores how each theory views the origins of social issues, such as dysfunction in societal institutions (Functionalism), conflicts between social classes or groups (Conflict Theory), and negative interactions and labeling within society (Symbolic Interactionism). By using these frameworks, students are encouraged to analyze various social problems in their communities, highlighting the relevance of these theories to understanding societal dynamics and challenges.

Takeaways

• 😀 Social problems in society can be analyzed using three main sociological theories: Structural Functionalism, Conflict Theory, and Symbolic Interactionism.
• 😀 Structural Functionalism views society as a system of interrelated parts, where social problems arise when institutions fail to perform their functions properly.
• 😀 According to Structural Functionalism, social problems are like 'diseases' in society, known as social pathology, caused by deviant behaviors like crime or inequality.
• 😀 Another concept in Structural Functionalism is social disorganization, where rapid social change weakens societal norms, causing confusion and instability.
• 😀 Conflict Theory, rooted in Marxism, sees social problems as the result of conflicts between different social groups, particularly between the dominant and subordinate classes.
• 😀 Conflict Theory emphasizes that power struggles, such as between capitalists and workers, create social problems like exploitation and inequality.
• 😀 Social problems can emerge from conflicts within society, such as class, race, or gender struggles, leading to tensions and unrest.
• 😀 Symbolic Interactionism focuses on how individuals and groups interact and interpret societal issues, viewing social problems through the lens of these interactions.
• 😀 Labeling Theory, a key component of Symbolic Interactionism, explains how society labels certain individuals or behaviors as 'deviant' or 'problematic', which further marginalizes them.
• 😀 Social Constructionism suggests that society constructs the meaning of social problems, such as poverty or crime, based on collective interpretations and societal norms.
• 😀 The video highlights the relevance of these theories in understanding contemporary social problems and encourages critical thinking about their causes and solutions.

Q & A

What is the main topic of the video?

The main topic of the video is the analysis of social problems using three major sociological theories: Structural Functionalism, Conflict Theory, and Symbolic Interactionism.

What is Structural Functionalism, and how does it explain social problems?

Structural Functionalism is a sociological perspective that views society as a complex system where each part works together to maintain stability. Social problems arise when parts of society, like institutions, fail to function properly, leading to imbalance and dysfunction.

What are the two types of social problems identified within Structural Functionalism?

The two types of social problems in Structural Functionalism are 'Social Pathology', where problems are seen as diseases disrupting society, and 'Social Disorganization', which occurs when rapid societal changes cause the breakdown of norms and values.

How does Conflict Theory explain the emergence of social problems?

Conflict Theory argues that social problems emerge from conflicts between different groups in society, especially due to power imbalances, inequalities, and struggles for resources. Social problems arise when dominant groups exploit or marginalize weaker groups.

What is the focus of Marxist Conflict Theory?

Marxist Conflict Theory focuses on the conflict between the ruling class (bourgeoisie) and the working class (proletariat). It argues that social problems stem from economic exploitation and class struggles.

How do non-Marxist conflict theorists view social problems?

Non-Marxist conflict theorists argue that social problems arise from conflicts based on differences in values, interests, or cultural norms, rather than just economic inequalities.

What is an example of a social problem explained by Conflict Theory?

An example of a social problem explained by Conflict Theory is the inequality in healthcare access during the COVID-19 pandemic, where wealthier groups had better access to resources, exacerbating social inequality.

What does Symbolic Interactionism focus on in relation to social problems?

Symbolic Interactionism focuses on the interactions between individuals and the meanings they attach to their behavior. It suggests that social problems arise from negative interactions and labels placed on certain groups or behaviors by society.

What is 'Labeling Theory' in Symbolic Interactionism?

Labeling Theory is a concept within Symbolic Interactionism that explains how individuals or groups are labeled as 'deviant' or 'problematic' by society. This labeling can lead to further marginalization and perpetuate social problems.

What does the concept of 'Social Constructionism' explain in Symbolic Interactionism?

Social Constructionism in Symbolic Interactionism refers to how society interprets and constructs problems. It suggests that social problems are not inherent, but rather are created through societal interpretation and the meaning attached to certain issues, such as poverty or crime.