Gunung Api Purba Sunda Dan Tenggelamnya Seluruh Bandung Menjadi Danau Raksasa

Summary

This video explores the ancient history of Bandung, focusing on the formation of Gunung Sunda, a massive volcano that once stood 4,000 meters above sea level. The eruption of this prehistoric volcano blocked the flow of the ancient Citarum River, leading to the creation of a large lake in the Bandung basin. The video details how Gunung Sunda’s collapse gave rise to the present-day Tangkuban Perahu and Gunung Burangrang. It also discusses the evidence supporting this geological history, including fossil discoveries and the remnants of ancient volcanic activity.

Takeaways

• 🌋 A massive ancient volcano called Mount Sunda once stood in the area now known as Bandung, towering at 4000 meters above sea level.
• 💥 Mount Sunda erupted violently, spewing millions of tons of volcanic material, which blocked the ancient Citarum River.
• 🌊 The blockage of the Citarum River caused the Bandung Basin to flood, turning it into a large ancient lake.
• 🏔️ Mount Tangkuban Perahu and Mount Burangrang formed after Mount Sunda's catastrophic eruption.
• 🌋 Before Mount Sunda, another massive volcano called Mount Jayagiri existed and erupted around 600,000 years ago, forming the Pre-Sunda Caldera.
• 💥 The final massive eruption of Mount Sunda occurred between 210,000 and 105,000 years ago, reshaping the landscape and contributing to the formation of Lake Bandung.
• 💡 Volcanic material from the eruption caused the river blockage, which led to the creation of Lake Bandung, a lake three times larger than the modern area of Jakarta.
• 🌊 The ancient lake began to drain around 16,000 years ago due to earthquakes and landslides, eventually leading to the formation of a dry basin.
• 🧪 Scientists have reconstructed this ancient history through geological evidence, such as volcanic remnants and fossil discoveries.
• 🏛️ Visitors can explore evidence of this history, including fossils and volcanic remnants, at the Geological Museum in Bandung.

Q & A

What was the height of the ancient Sunda Volcano?

The Sunda Volcano reached a height of 4000 meters above sea level.

How did the Sunda Volcano eruption affect the surrounding geography?

The eruption of the Sunda Volcano blocked the flow of the ancient Citarum River, causing the Bandung basin to flood and form a large lake.

What is the relationship between Mount Sunda and Mount Tangkuban Perahu?

After the massive eruption and collapse of Mount Sunda, a caldera formed. Over time, Mount Tangkuban Perahu emerged from this caldera.

When did the Sunda Volcano erupt, and how long did it last?

The Sunda Volcano erupted between 210,000 and 105,000 years ago, with significant eruptions during this period.

What was the extent of the volcanic material ejected during the Sunda eruption?

The eruption spewed volcanic material such as magma, lava, rocks, and gases into the atmosphere, covering a wide area and spreading material globally.

How did the ancient Bandung Lake form?

The Bandung Lake formed when the volcanic material from the Sunda Volcano blocked the ancient Citarum River, causing water to accumulate in the Bandung basin.

How large was the ancient Bandung Lake, and what areas did it cover?

The ancient Bandung Lake was vast, spanning from Cicanggeka to Padalarang and from Dago to the Soreang border, covering an area almost three times larger than modern Jakarta.

What caused the eventual draining of the ancient Bandung Lake?

The lake began to drain about 16,000 years ago due to an earthquake and landslides near Curug Cukang Rahong and Curug Halimun, which allowed the water to flow northward.

What evidence do scientists have of the Sunda Volcano and the ancient Bandung Lake?

Evidence includes the remnants of the Sunda caldera, fossilized aquatic life from the lake, and soft soil deposits in various parts of Bandung, indicating the presence of the ancient lake.

What role does the legend of Sangkuriang play in explaining the geography of the Bandung region?

The Sangkuriang legend tells the story of the creation of the Tangkuban Perahu mountain and the ancient lake as part of a myth, where Sangkuriang failed to complete a task and angrily kicked a boat, which turned into the mountain.