Film Pendek Supersemar 1966 - XII MIPA 4

Summary

The transcript recounts pivotal moments during Indonesia's political crisis in 1966. It highlights President Sukarno's attempt to unify nationalist and religious forces, his reluctance to dissolve the Communist Party (PKI), and the chaotic situation that followed. Military figures discuss strategies to ensure national security as demonstrators surround the presidential palace. Ultimately, President Sukarno signs the '11 March Order' (Supersemar), empowering General Suharto to restore order, leading to the dissolution of the PKI. This marked a significant turning point in Indonesian history, transitioning the nation into a new political era under Suharto's leadership.

Takeaways

• 📜 The speaker expresses the desire to unite nationalism and religion into a single powerful force to complete the socialist revolution.
• ⛔️ The speaker refuses to dissolve the PKI (Communist Party of Indonesia), as it would make NASAKOM (nationalism, religion, communism) incomplete.
• ⚠️ A pivotal moment occurs on March 11, 1966, with mass demonstrations and military action affecting the capital and surrounding the presidential palace.
• 🛑 President Soekarno feels betrayed by the military, especially as they appear to side with the demonstrators, trying to overthrow his government.
• 👤 There is a sense of urgency as General Soeharto is suggested as a key figure to restore order amidst the chaos.
• ✍️ Soekarno reluctantly agrees to issue a letter of command, known as the 'Surat Perintah,' granting General Soeharto authority to handle the situation.
• 💥 The demonstrations continue, with Soekarno questioning the Army's role in maintaining security, and the ongoing unrest in Jakarta.
• 🔑 The letter, later known as 'Supersemar' (Surat Perintah Sebelas Maret), marks a significant shift in power, leading to General Soeharto's control.
• 🚫 General Soeharto uses the letter's power to dissolve the PKI, aligning with popular demands and solidifying his authority.
• 📅 The political climate between January and March 1966 is one of intense turmoil, marking a critical period in Indonesia's history that leads to the rise of General Soeharto.

Q & A

What is the primary goal expressed at the beginning of the transcript?

The speaker expresses a desire to unite nationalism and religion into one strong force to complete a revolution that aims toward a socialist society.

Why does the speaker oppose dissolving the PKI (Indonesian Communist Party)?

The speaker opposes dissolving the PKI because it would make NASAKOM (a concept of national unity including nationalism, religion, and communism) incomplete, and the speaker does not want to sacrifice his long-held beliefs.

What event is mentioned as a significant turning point on March 11, 1966?

The event mentioned is the mass protests in the streets of Jakarta, which surrounded the presidential palace and disrupted the first cabinet meeting.

What assurance is given about the safety of holding the cabinet meeting?

One of the individuals in the transcript assures that the situation is safe enough to proceed with the cabinet meeting.

What actions are described as taken by the 'Great Leader of the Revolution' in response to the unrest?

The 'Great Leader of the Revolution,' referring to President Sukarno, entered the room and later handed over control of the session to another leader due to the emergency situation.

What was the military’s stance on protecting President Sukarno according to the transcript?

The military assured President Sukarno that they had not abandoned him and expressed regret over the morning's unrest, while pledging their continued loyalty.

Why did Sukarno express dissatisfaction with the Army’s actions?

Sukarno expressed dissatisfaction because the Army had supported the demonstrators, who were attempting to overthrow him, despite their claims of loyalty.

What solution was proposed to handle the unrest in Jakarta?

A suggestion was made to give General Suharto more authority to deal with the situation, potentially through a formal letter of command.

What is the significance of the March 11 Order (SP 11 Maret) mentioned in the transcript?

The March 11 Order, or SP 11 Maret, was a command issued by President Sukarno, granting General Suharto authority to restore order. This eventually led to the dissolution of the PKI and marked a new era for Indonesia.

What historical period does the transcript focus on, and what were the key developments during this time?

The transcript focuses on the period of political upheaval in early 1966, particularly the transition of power from President Sukarno to General Suharto, following the issuance of the SP 11 Maret and the suppression of the PKI.