BAB 3 PENELITIAN GEOGRAFI | X SMA / MA | KURIKULUM MERDEKA

ERS CHANNEL

10 Nov 202308:29

Summary

TLDRIn this video, the host introduces a geography lesson for 10th grade based on the Merdeka Curriculum. The video covers the basics of geographic research, including definitions, types, observation methods, and report writing. It discusses exploratory, descriptive, and explanatory research, along with qualitative and quantitative methodologies. The steps for conducting geographic research—like identifying problems, collecting, analyzing data, and writing reports—are explained in detail. The video also highlights various data collection methods, such as observation, interviews, surveys, and mapping. The lesson aims to provide a foundational understanding of geographic research.

Takeaways

📚 The video introduces a geography lesson for 10th grade, based on the 'Merdeka' curriculum.
🔍 Geography research involves investigating, developing, and testing facts to solve problems, using spatial, environmental, and regional approaches.
📝 Three types of geography research based on objectives: exploratory, descriptive, and explanatory research.
🔬 Research methods include case studies, surveys, and experiments, each with a specific goal, such as testing hypotheses or field studies.
📊 Two main research methodologies: quantitative (using measurable data) and qualitative (exploring less defined problems).
🌍 Observing geographical phenomena is crucial to understanding what, why, and where the phenomena occur.
❓ Defining research problems involves identifying gaps between current conditions and ideal scenarios, including theory vs. practice or planning vs. execution.
📈 Data collection methods include observation, interviews, surveys, mapping, literature studies, and scientific tools.
📋 Data analysis includes statistical analysis, remote sensing, geographic information systems (GIS), and descriptive methods.
📝 A research report should have an introduction, literature review, research methodology, discussion, and a conclusion, along with supporting elements like appendices and bibliography.

Q & A

What is the definition of geographic research?
-Geographic research is the activity of investigating, developing, and testing truth in-depth to solve a problem. It typically uses spatial, environmental, and regional approaches.
What are the three types of geographic research based on purpose?
-The three types of geographic research based on purpose are exploratory research, descriptive research, and explanatory research.
What is exploratory research in geography?
-Exploratory research in geography aims to deepen or develop basic knowledge about a geosphere phenomenon.
What does descriptive research in geography seek to do?
-Descriptive research in geography aims to explain a geosphere phenomenon in the form of descriptions, such as pictures and systematic presentations.
How does explanatory research in geography differ from other types?
-Explanatory research in geography seeks to identify the causes of a geosphere phenomenon based on a formulated hypothesis.
What are the three types of geographic research methods based on implementation?
-The three types of geographic research methods based on implementation are case study research, survey research, and experimental research.
How is data collected in geographic research?
-Data in geographic research is collected through six methods: observation, interviews, questionnaires, mapping, literature review, and scientific tools like remote sensing.
What is the role of data analysis in geographic research?
-Data analysis in geographic research involves editing data, coding, tabulating results, and using mapping techniques to visualize spatial information.
What are the two primary methodologies used in geographic research?
-The two primary methodologies in geographic research are quantitative research, which relies on statistical analysis of measurable data, and qualitative research, which explains general problems and phenomena.
What are the key components of a geographic research report?
-A geographic research report consists of three parts: the opening (title page, preface, contents), the main body (introduction, literature review, methodology, discussion), and the conclusion (summary, recommendations, bibliography).

Outlines

00:00

📚 Introduction to Geography Research

The video starts with an introduction to the geography curriculum for 10th grade. It covers geography research, explaining its definition, types, and processes. The speaker emphasizes that research is an in-depth activity aimed at solving problems using various approaches like spatial, environmental, and regional analysis. The types of research include exploratory, descriptive, and explanatory, with distinctions based on objectives, forms, and methodologies, such as qualitative and quantitative research.

05:00

🔍 Methods and Types of Geography Research

This section dives into the specific methods and categories of geography research. It explains that exploratory research focuses on deepening knowledge, descriptive research provides a systematic account of geographic phenomena, and explanatory research seeks to identify causes based on hypotheses. It also outlines methods like case studies, surveys, and experiments, and further distinguishes between quantitative methods (which rely on measurable data) and qualitative methods (which provide general explanations).

🌍 Geographic Phenomenon Observation

The speaker outlines the steps in conducting geography research, starting with observing geographic phenomena, identifying research problems, formulating research questions, collecting and processing data, and eventually analyzing and reporting the findings. Observing geographic phenomena is essential in providing scientific explanations for events and understanding the 'what,' 'why,' and 'where' behind occurrences. This leads to defining research problems based on gaps between expected and actual conditions.

📝 Data Collection Techniques

This paragraph explains the importance of good-quality data and its collection. The speaker outlines six methods: observation, interviews, questionnaires, mapping, literature studies, and scientific tools (such as remote sensing). Each method plays a critical role in gathering accurate and relevant data for geographic research. The characteristics of good data include objectivity, representativeness, minimal error, timeliness, and relevance.

📊 Data Processing and Analysis

This section covers the process of organizing and analyzing collected data. It includes four steps: editing (ensuring data completeness), coding (classifying data), tabulating (presenting data in tables and graphs), and mapping (converting data into spatial information). Additionally, the speaker explains various analytical techniques, including statistical analysis, remote sensing, GIS (Geographic Information Systems), and descriptive analysis, which help researchers derive meaningful insights from the data.

🖋️ Writing Geography Research Reports

The final paragraph discusses the structure of a geography research report. The report is divided into three main parts: the introduction (including the title page, preface, and tables of contents and figures), the main body (with chapters on the introduction, literature review, methodology, and discussion), and the conclusion (including chapters on summary, suggestions, references, and appendices). The structure helps present research findings in a clear and organized manner.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Geography Research

Geography research refers to the systematic investigation to develop and test knowledge related to geographical phenomena. In the video, it is defined as activities that explore, develop, and test scientific truths to solve problems. This is the primary theme of the video, focusing on understanding geographic problems using scientific methods.

💡Explorative Research

Explorative research aims to delve deeper into the basic understanding of a phenomenon, often in situations where little is known. In the video, it is described as research that seeks to deepen the knowledge of geospheric phenomena, which can include unknown geographic conditions or newly observed events.

💡Descriptive Research

Descriptive research is focused on explaining phenomena as they are, often using systematic descriptions, images, or data. In the video, it is mentioned as a method to explain geographical phenomena through visual or structured formats, such as maps or charts, helping to understand the 'what' and 'where' of a phenomenon.

💡Explanatory Research

Explanatory research aims to find the cause-and-effect relationship between variables in geographic phenomena. The video explains that this type of research is used to understand the 'why' behind phenomena by testing hypotheses about geospheric interactions.

💡Quantitative Research

Quantitative research relies on numerical data that can be measured and statistically analyzed. The video emphasizes its use in geography when the problem being researched is clear, and data can be collected, measured, and compared, such as when analyzing population density or land usage patterns.

💡Qualitative Research

Qualitative research in geography focuses on understanding phenomena through non-numerical data, often using observations or interviews to explore complex geographic issues. In the video, it is described as suitable for studying problems where the variables and relationships are not well understood, such as cultural or social geographic phenomena.

💡Geospheric Phenomena

Geospheric phenomena refer to the natural events and processes that occur on Earth's surface, including climate, landforms, and ecosystems. The video discusses how researchers observe and analyze these phenomena to explain why and where they occur, which is a foundational step in geography research.

💡Data Collection

Data collection is the process of gathering information for research through various methods such as observation, interviews, or surveys. In the video, this is highlighted as a crucial step in geography research, with methods like field observation, mapping, and interviews being used to collect relevant and accurate data about geographic phenomena.

💡Spatial Analysis

Spatial analysis involves examining geographic patterns to understand relationships between locations, phenomena, and human activities. The video touches on this when discussing how data collected from geographic research can be mapped and analyzed spatially to provide insights into geographic issues.

💡Research Report

A research report is a structured document that presents the findings of a scientific investigation, including methodology, data, and conclusions. The video explains that geography research reports consist of multiple parts, including an introduction, literature review, methods, discussion, and conclusion, serving to communicate the research results effectively.

Highlights

Introduction to the topic of geography research for grade 10, covering important concepts such as the definition, types, and process of geography research.

Geography research involves investigating, developing, and testing the truth to solve problems, with a specific focus on spatial, environmental, and territorial approaches.

Types of geography research based on objectives: exploratory research, descriptive research, and explanatory research.

Types of geography research based on form and method: case studies, surveys, and experimental research.

Types of geography research based on methodology: quantitative research and qualitative research.

Exploratory research aims to deepen or develop basic knowledge about a geographical phenomenon.

Descriptive research aims to explain a geographical phenomenon in the form of descriptions such as images and systematic analysis.

Explanatory research seeks to discover the causes of a geographical phenomenon based on a formulated hypothesis.

Research methods for case studies involve field studies and interviews, while surveys are used to test the validity of hypotheses.

Quantitative research uses statistical analysis based on measurable and countable data to validate existing data and obtain more complete and accurate data.

Qualitative research provides a general explanation of a problem, used when the problem is not yet clear and seeks to understand issues based on existing facts.

Steps in conducting geography research: observing geographical phenomena, identifying research problems, formulating research questions, collecting and processing data, analyzing data, and preparing a research report.

Methods of data collection in geography research include observation, interviews, surveys, mapping, literature studies, and scientific instruments such as remote sensing.

The data analysis process in geography research can involve statistical analysis, remote sensing data analysis, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) analysis, and descriptive analysis.

The final geography research report should consist of three main parts: the introduction, the main content, and the conclusion.