10. KHT - Ekosistem Repong Damar - Aspek Budidaya/ Silvikultur Repong Damar

Summary

The script discusses silviculture, specifically focusing on the cultivation of the 'Damar' tree. It covers aspects from seed germination to planting and maintenance, highlighting the importance of the Damar tree for the future of communities. The script also touches on the challenges faced in cultivation, such as seed viability and planting techniques. Additionally, it explores traditional methods of planting Damar and the ecological and economic benefits of silviculture.

Takeaways

• 🌱 The discussion focuses on silviculture or cultivation of the 'Damar' tree, covering aspects from propagation to planting and maintenance.
• 📚 Students will learn about the definition, structure, and function of the 'Damar' tree, and understand how 'Rubo Damar' is formed.
• 🌳 'Silvikultur' or silviculture is defined as the science of forest cultivation, aiming for ecological and economic aspects.
• 🌐 The term 'silvikultur' is derived from Latin words 'Silva' meaning forest and 'culture' meaning cultivation.
• 🌿 'Damar mata kucing' is a native Indonesian tree species widespread in Sumatra, Kalimantan, and the Malay Peninsula, but rare in Java due to climatic differences.
• 🌧️ The 'Damar' tree thrives in tropical rainforests with an average annual rainfall of about 3300 mm and at altitudes of 300-500 meters.
• 🌱 The tree can grow in various soil types, including dry and swampy soils, but requires sea breeze for optimal growth.
• 🌳 'Damar' tree cultivation faces challenges from seed collection to planting, including the difficulty of seed germination and the long interval between fruiting cycles.
• 🌱 Vegetative propagation of 'Damar' involves using cuttings that are treated with root growth hormones and planted in polybags.
• 🌿 Seed propagation requires soaking seeds in running water to remove growth inhibitors and then planting them in topsoil within polybags.
• 🌳 The best time for planting 'Damar' is at the start of the rainy season to reduce the need for irrigation.
• 🌱 After planting, the seedlings require shading and should be gradually exposed to full sunlight to prevent stunted growth.

Q & A

What is the main topic discussed in the script?

The main topic discussed in the script is silviculture or cultivation of Resin Damar, covering aspects from propagation to planting, maintenance, and the ecological and economic importance of the Damar tree.

What does the term 'silvikultur' refer to?

Silvikultur, derived from Latin 'Silva' meaning forest and 'culture' meaning cultivation, refers to the science of managing forests, including practices for reforestation, planting, growth, health, and quality to achieve ecological and economic goals.

Why is the Damar tree considered significant for the future?

The Damar tree is considered significant for the future because its sustainability ensures a future for communities that depend on it, providing a source of income and ecological benefits.

What are the challenges faced in propagating the Damar tree?

Challenges in propagating the Damar tree include the difficulty in seed availability due to its hard fruit that does not split easily, the long interval between fruiting cycles (once every five years), and the seeds' recalcitrant nature, which means they cannot be stored for long periods without losing viability.

What is the optimal time for planting Damar trees according to the script?

The optimal time for planting Damar trees is at the beginning of the rainy season to facilitate easier planting and reduce the need for irrigation.

How does the script describe the ideal soil and environmental conditions for Damar trees?

The script mentions that Damar trees can grow in dry or swampy soils, such as clay, sandy soil, and are commonly found near coastal areas with sea breezes. They thrive in tropical rainforests with an average annual rainfall of around 3300 mm at altitudes of 300-500 meters above sea level.

What is the significance of the term 'rekalsitran' mentioned in the script?

The term 'rekalsitran' refers to seeds that cannot be stored for long periods without losing their viability. This characteristic of Damar seeds poses a challenge for propagation as they need to be planted soon after harvest.

What are the methods of vegetative and generative propagation mentioned for Damar trees?

The script discusses two propagation methods: vegetative propagation through cuttings, which requires dipping the base in root growth hormone and planting in polybags, and generative propagation by directly planting seeds in the field after soaking them in running water to leach out any growth inhibitors.

How does the script suggest managing pests and diseases in Damar cultivation?

The script implies that pests and diseases management is crucial, although it does not provide specific methods. It mentions the need for care during the seedling stage to prevent issues like canker, which appears as a disease on the tree's branches.

What are the traditional practices described for cultivating Damar trees?

Traditional practices include clearing and burning vegetation, followed by planting rice and vegetables for the first year, and then planting Damar seedlings among other fruit trees. The land is used for 15-20 years before being abandoned, allowing the Damar trees to grow among the declining coffee and clove plants.

What is the role of mycorrhiza in Damar tree cultivation as per the script?

The script highlights the importance of mycorrhiza for the growth of Damar trees. It suggests planting in topsoil where mycorrhiza is likely present to help the seedlings establish and resist other fungi that could be harmful.