Katup solenoid | Kecanggihan Teknik

Summary

The video explains the importance of hydraulic solenoid valves in industrial machinery like excavators. It highlights how solenoid valves operate faster and more efficiently than motorized valves, making them crucial in situations where speed is essential. The video breaks down the solenoid valve's construction, functionality, and modifications that prevent fluid leakage under high pressure. It also discusses how these valves work within complex systems like excavators, regulating oil flow to ensure smooth operation of pistons and buckets. The technical details emphasize the precision and efficiency of solenoid valves in industrial applications.

Takeaways

• 🔧 Solenoid valves are essential components in hydraulic excavators, ensuring smooth operation and preventing malfunctions.
• ⚡ Solenoid valves are extremely fast, taking only 0.03 seconds to operate, compared to a normal motor card which takes one second.
• 💡 A basic solenoid valve design includes an iron armature, electromagnet, and spring, which helps open and close the valve based on magnetic force.
• 💧 Modifications in valve design ensure that fluid pressure does not cause armature bending or fluid leakage.
• 🚰 A key improvement involves adding a flexible rubber diaphragm with two holes, equalizing pressure on both sides of the armature to prevent operation failure under high pressure.
• 🔄 The solenoid valve allows for smooth fluid flow once the coil is energized, opening the valve by moving the armature upward.
• 🛠️ In high-pressure conditions, the fluid exiting through a central hole causes a pressure drop, which bends the diaphragm, allowing more fluid to pass.
• ⏱️ The improved solenoid valve design is both fast and efficient, making it suitable for industrial applications.
• 🏗️ In hydraulic excavators, solenoid valves help control the movement of pistons in double-acting cylinders, enabling precise bucket movement.
• 🔀 Solenoid valves are used to redirect oil flow, enabling pistons to move in different directions without wasting oil, improving system efficiency.

Q & A

What is the significance of the solenoid valve in a hydraulic excavator?

The solenoid valve is critical because it controls the flow of fluids in the hydraulic system, allowing precise and rapid operation. A small issue with the solenoid valve can cause the excavator to malfunction or fail to operate.

Why is the solenoid valve faster than a typical motorized valve?

A standard motorized valve takes about one second to operate, while a solenoid valve completes its task in just 0.03 seconds, making it significantly faster for industrial applications.

How does the basic construction of a solenoid valve work?

In its simplest form, the solenoid valve consists of an armature that moves vertically with an electromagnet around it. When the electromagnet is energized, the armature moves upward, opening the valve and allowing fluid to flow.

What issue arises when using a simple solenoid valve design under high fluid pressure?

The armature may bend under high fluid pressure in the 'off' state, leading to fluid leakage, which compromises the valve's effectiveness.

How is the problem of armature bending due to fluid pressure solved in more advanced solenoid valves?

A thick, solid barrier is added in the fluid flow path, preventing the armature from bending under pressure. This modification allows the armature to move up and down without being affected by fluid pressure.

What is the role of the diaphragm in advanced solenoid valve designs?

The diaphragm is a flexible rubber component with small holes that ensure equal fluid pressure on both sides of the armature. This prevents the armature from moving when the valve is closed, solving previous design issues.

How does pressure difference help open the solenoid valve with a diaphragm design?

When the solenoid is energized, the armature moves up, causing fluid to exit through a central hole, lowering pressure on one side of the diaphragm. This pressure difference bends the diaphragm, allowing fluid to flow freely.

What is the function of a solenoid valve in a double-acting piston system in an excavator?

In a double-acting piston system, the solenoid valve directs pressurized oil to either side of the piston, controlling the movement of the excavator's bucket. This ensures smooth and efficient operation of the hydraulic system.

How does the solenoid valve prevent oil wastage in the hydraulic system?

The solenoid valve redirects the unused oil back to a storage tank, preventing oil wastage and ensuring the hydraulic system operates efficiently without losing fluid.

How does the solenoid valve switch between lifting and lowering the excavator’s bucket?

The operator energizes one side of the solenoid coil to lift the bucket by directing oil flow to the piston. To lower the bucket, the opposite side of the solenoid is energized, redirecting the oil flow in the opposite direction, allowing the bucket to descend.