Understanding the Self - Psychological Perspective of the Self Part 1
Summary
TLDRIn this lesson, students explore the psychological perspective of the self through various theories. Key concepts include William James' 'Me' and 'I' selves, David Lester's multiple versus unified self, and Donald Winnicott's true versus false self. Students are encouraged to define the self and consider the impact of different factors on its formation, with a focus on the challenges of maintaining a unified self across various roles and relationships.
Takeaways
- 🎓 Today's lesson focuses on the psychological perspective of the self, aiming to help students understand different psychological theories about the self.
- 🧠 Students are expected to be able to identify various psychological ideas about the self and create their own definition based on these theories.
- 🔍 The lesson will analyze how different factors in psychology contribute to the formation of the self.
- 🤔 The statement 'I am who I am' is used to provoke thought about personal identity and what constitutes an individual's self.
- 📚 The self is defined from a psychological perspective as a sense of personal identity and individuality.
- 👨🏫 William James, known as the father of American psychology, distinguished between the 'Me' (experience) and the 'I' (existence) aspects of the self.
- 🧐 David Lester's concept of the self involves the construction of multiple selves across different roles and relationships, which can be challenging for adolescents to unify.
- 👶 Donald Winnicott's theory introduces the idea of the 'True Self' and 'False Self', where the latter is created to hide the former in certain social contexts.
- 🤷♂️ The concept of the 'False Self' is explored, where individuals may pretend to be someone else to fit in or impress others.
- 🤔 The lesson will continue with Carl Rogers' self theory in the next video, encouraging students to reflect on their own experiences with the self.
- ❓ Students are invited to participate in an online discussion about whether they have ever hidden their true self and why.
Q & A
What is the main objective of today's lesson on the psychological perspective of the self?
-The main objective is for students to identify different psychological ideas about the self, create their own definition based on these ideas, and analyze the effects of various factors in the formation of the self.
What does the statement 'I am who I am' prompt us to consider about the self?
-This statement prompts us to consider the nature of personal identity and what factors contribute to making us who we are.
How did Zhangyani and Tari define the self in 2014?
-Zhangyani and Tari defined the self as the sense of personal identity and of who we are as individuals.
What are the two understandings of the self that William James distinguished?
-William James distinguished between the 'Me' and the 'I', which represent the empirical self and the pure ego respectively.
What is the empirical self according to William James?
-The empirical self, according to James, is the self that experiences and is divided into material self, social self, and spiritual self.
What is the concept of 'Self as I' in William James's theory?
-The 'Self as I' refers to the thinking, acting, and feeling self, which is the part of the self that knows who one is.
How does David Lester view the construction of the self?
-David Lester views the self as having multiple selves that vary across different roles and relationships, and the challenge for individuals, especially adolescents, is to develop a unified self.
What is the concept of 'True Self' and 'False Self' as proposed by Donald Winnicott?
-According to Donald Winnicott, the 'True Self' is the authentic self that is hidden and protected by the 'False Self', which is created to adapt to social situations and impress others.
Why might an individual create a 'False Self'?
-An individual might create a 'False Self' to fit into a group, impress others, or cope with different social situations, often hiding their 'True Self' in the process.
What question will be discussed in the next online session regarding the self?
-The next online discussion will focus on the question of whether students have ever experienced hiding their true self and the reasons behind it.
Which psychologist will be discussed in the next video, and what is their contribution to the theory of the self?
-The next video will discuss Carl Rogers and his theory of the self, which emphasizes concepts like self-concept, self-esteem, and the fully functioning person.
Outlines
🎓 Introduction to Psychological Perspective of the Self
In this introductory paragraph, the speaker welcomes students to a lesson on the psychological perspective of the self, which is part of chapter one, lesson three. The aim of the lesson is for students to understand different psychological concepts of the self, create their own definition, and analyze how various factors influence self-formation. The speaker poses a philosophical question about identity and introduces the transition from philosophical to sociological and now psychological perspectives on the self. Zhangyani and Tari's 2014 definition of the self as a sense of personal identity is mentioned, setting the stage for a discussion of seven psychologists' views on the self.
🧠 William James' Concept of Self
The speaker delves into William James' concept of the self, highlighting his distinction between the 'Me' and the 'I'. James, known as the father of American psychology, proposed that the 'Me' represents the empirical self, which includes material, social, and spiritual aspects, while the 'I' is the pure ego or the knowing self. This concept is foundational to understanding the self from a psychological perspective, emphasizing the importance of both the thinking, acting, and feeling aspects ('I') and the experiences and possessions that define an individual ('Me').
🌟 David Lester's Multiple Versus Unified Self
David Lester's theory on the self is explored, focusing on the idea of multiple selves that individuals construct based on different roles and relationships. The speaker explains how adolescents, in particular, face challenges in managing these multiple selves and the struggle to achieve a unified self. The concept is relevant to students' experiences, as they navigate various social contexts and the pressure to present different aspects of themselves. The goal is for individuals to integrate these multiple selves into a cohesive identity.
👶 Donald Winnicott's True and False Self
The speaker introduces Donald Winnicott's perspective on the self, which includes the concepts of the true self and the false self. Winnicott, an English pediatrician and psychoanalyst, believed that the true self is the core of an individual's identity, while the false self is a facade created to adapt to social expectations or to gain acceptance. The speaker discusses how people might hide their true self to fit in or impress others, which can be a challenge, especially for adolescents. The importance of authenticity and the potential impact of consistently presenting a false self are highlighted.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Psychological Perspective of the Self
💡Self
💡William James
💡David Lester
💡Donald Winnicott
💡Carl Rogers
💡Sigmund Freud
💡Albert Bandura
💡Carl Jung
💡Personal Identity
💡Adolescence
Highlights
Introduction to Lesson Three of Chapter One: Psychological Perspective of the Self.
Objectives: Identify different psychological ideas about the self, create a personal definition, and analyze the effects of various factors on self-formation.
Discussion on the philosophical and sociological perspectives before delving into the psychological perspective of the self.
Zhangyani and Tari's 2014 definition of the self as a sense of personal identity.
Introduction to the seven psychologists whose theories will be discussed.
William James, the father of American psychology, and his concept of the self.
James' distinction between the 'Me' and the 'I', representing the empirical and pure ego aspects of the self.
The 'Me' self includes material, social, and spiritual aspects of an individual's experiences.
The 'I' self is concerned with the existence of the self, involving thinking and feeling.
James' quote on the self as the sum total of all that a person can call his own.
David Lester's concept of multiple versus unified self and its implications for different roles and relationships.
Challenges adolescents face in coping with multiple selves and the struggle for a unified self.
Donald Winnicott's theory of the true and false self, and the function of the self to protect the true self.
The tendency to create a false self to impress others or belong to a group.
The importance of showing one's true self and the challenges associated with it.
Question for online discussion: Have you ever experienced hiding your true self and why?
Upcoming discussion on Carl Rogers and his self theory in the next video.
Closing remarks and invitation for questions from the students.
Transcripts
hello students and welcome back to our
class
in today's video we will discuss lesson
three of chapter one
psychological perspective of the self
at the end of our discussion you should
be able to identify the different ideas
in psychology about the self create
your own definition of the self based on
the definitions from psychology
and lastly analyze the effects of
various factors
identified in psychology in the
formation of
the self i try this question with this
statement
i am who i am
this statement begs the question
if you are who you are then who are you
that makes you who you are
themselves
definition of the self changes
definition himself from philosophical
perspective
to sociological perspective and now in
psychological perspective
in 2014 zhangyani and tari
defined the self according to them
self is the sense of personal identity
and of who we are as individuals
under psychological perspective of the
self
we will discuss seven psychologists
first we have william james and his
concept of self
next we have david lester with multiple
versus unified self
then donald winnicott with true versus
false self
and then carl rogers with self
fury our fifth
psychologist is probably one of the most
famous psychologists
if not the most famous psychologist of
all time
sigmund freud and we will discuss the
importance
of the unconscious then we'll have
albert banduria with self as proactive
and agentic
and lastly carl jung with self as the
central archetype
first we have william james william
james is the father of american
psychology
in 1890 he distinguished two
understanding of the self
the selfless me and the self as i annoy
bixby
me and i yourself so this thing is
the me and the i and this he called the
concept of
self
is the metaphysics or basically it's
concerned with the existence of the self
and it wakes up your self refers to
the self that knows who he or she
is this is the thinking
acting and feeling self okay
everything in your mind is the eye self
okay it reflects the soul of a person or
what is now
thought of as the mind and is called the
pure ego
the mind is the experience of the self
okay it's the empirical self it's the
about describing the person's personal
experiences
and is divided to further categories to
let down material
self social self and spiritual self
quesadito we are concerned about the
experience
i know leave me a guy bus i yourself you
are concerned about
the existence of the self it involves
the thinking and the feeling itself
on the other hand young myself is
concerned about
the experience of the self this is the
empirical
okay so union self
and myself james william
let's end our discussion with the quote
from
william james himself
immense self is the song total of all
that he can call his
not only his body and his psychic powers
but his clothes and his health
or the eye self and of course
young body or young clothes in his house
would be the me self which is about the
experience
included your material self so sabine
self is the sum total of all that he can
call
his our next one
is the british american psychologist
suicidologist
and professor emeritus psychology at
stockton university
david lester
multiple versus unified self
serving lester the construction of
multiple selves
varies across different roles and
relationships
multiple selves
friends when we are with our family
with uh with when i'm with my colleagues
okay so and
for you students usually
adolescent
you have multiple selves
okay coping with different selves
constitutes a
formidable task among adolescents
sabidito these challenges contribute
heavily to the young
person and struggle for a unified self
at the end of the day
an end goal nathan is for you to have
a unified self for you to identify
sinohabatalaga our threat psychologist
is donald winikart donald winnicott
is an english pediatrician and
psychoanalyst
sabine the self is composed of true
and false self
multiple and unified self my undermine
we have
true and false self according to winika
the function of the self is to hide and
protect the true self
okay the false self and the true self
self explanatory narina
so let's proceed with the statement
we pretend to be someone else so that we
can be included in the group
we create a false self to hide our true
self
in a way this is also related
or people we we trust sabi dito
people tend to display a false self to
impress others
sometimes we pretend to be someone else
so we could belong to a group
kaitlin kamayama
we try to impress people okay
and this is not easy okay
it's not easy to pretend to be someone
else it's not easy to pretend that
you're okay
it's not easy to pretend but you're
doing fine
okay so of course ideally
it's better if you show it yourself okay
perro we need cut added that the self
can change
depending on situations
now this will be our question in our
next online discussion
have you ever experienced hiding your
true self
why not an
why did you do that okay and i will post
a question in our google classroom
so you can answer
in our next video we will discuss our
fourth psychologist
carl rogers and his self theory
thank you for your time and for
listening
if you have questions you know what to
do
by class
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