Understanding the Self - Psychological Perspective of the Self Part 3 (Sigmund Freud)
Summary
TLDRIn this educational video, students delve into the psychological perspective of the self, exploring Sigmund Freud's theories on the unconscious mind and the three structures of personality: id, ego, and superego. The discussion covers Freud's psychosexual stages, from oral to genital, and how they shape the ego and superego. The video also introduces ten psychological defense mechanisms, such as denial, repression, and projection, which people unconsciously use to cope with anxiety. The lecture concludes with a preview of Albert Bandura's proactive self concept, promising further insights in the next installment.
Takeaways
- π§ The class discusses the psychological perspective of the self, focusing on Sigmund Freud's theories.
- π Freud compared the mind to an iceberg, suggesting that the unconscious mind is much larger and more influential than the conscious part.
- π₯ Freud identified three structures of personality: the id, ego, and superego, each with distinct roles and functions.
- πΆ Freud's psychosexual stages include oral, anal, phallic, latent, and genital stages, each associated with different erogenous zones and developmental tasks.
- π« The ego develops during the oral stage, while the superego forms during the phallic stage, influenced by societal expectations.
- π’ The script humorously lists age groups for different life stages, from birth to over 70, adding a light-hearted touch to the discussion.
- π‘οΈ Psychological defense mechanisms are unconscious strategies to protect against anxiety caused by unacceptable thoughts or feelings.
- β The first three defense mechanisms discussed are denial, repression, and rationalization, each serving to manage or avoid uncomfortable realities.
- π Projection is a defense mechanism where one attributes their own unacceptable thoughts or feelings onto others.
- π Reaction formation involves converting unacceptable impulses into their opposite, more socially acceptable behaviors.
- π Displacement allows for the redirection of emotions or behaviors towards less threatening objects or situations.
- πΆ Regression is a return to childlike behaviors as a coping mechanism for stress, often seen in response to new babies or other threats.
- π€ Identification is an attempt to reduce anxiety by imitating others, often seen in adolescents trying to fit in with a group.
- ποΈββοΈ Compensation is an effort to excel in one area to make up for perceived deficiencies in another, such as excelling in sports to compensate for academic shortcomings.
- π¨ Sublimation is the process of transforming socially unacceptable urges into socially acceptable behaviors, such as channeling aggressive impulses into competitive sports or art.
Q & A
What is the main focus of lesson three in chapter one of the psychological perspective of the self?
-The main focus of lesson three is on Sigmund Freud's theories, including the structure of personality and the psychosexual stages of development.
According to Freud, what is the structure of the mind and how does it relate to the iceberg analogy?
-Freud described the mind as having three structures: the id, ego, and superego. The iceberg analogy suggests that the conscious part of the mind is like the tip of the iceberg above water, while the unconscious part, which includes the id, is the larger portion beneath the surface.
What are the three structures of personality identified by Freud?
-Freud identified three structures of personality: the id, the ego, and the superego. The id is the primitive, instinctual part of the mind; the ego is the rational part that mediates between the id and reality; and the superego is the moral component that represents societal norms and ideals.
Can you describe Freud's psychosexual stages and their respective ages?
-Freud's psychosexual stages include: 1) Oral stage (birth to 1 year), 2) Anal stage (1 to 3 years), 3) Phallic stage (3 to 6 years), 4) Latent stage (6 to puberty), and 5) Genital stage (puberty to adulthood).
How does the development of the ego and superego relate to Freud's psychosexual stages?
-The ego develops during the oral stage, while the superego develops during the phallic stage. The superego is influenced by societal expectations and internalizes moral standards.
What are the different stages of Erikson's psychosocial development mentioned in the script?
-The stages mentioned are: 1) Trust vs. Mistrust (0-1 years), 2) Autonomy vs. Shame (1-3 years), 3) Initiative vs. Guilt (3-5 years), 4) Industry vs. Inferiority (6-11 years), 5) Identity vs. Role Confusion (12-18 years), 6) Intimacy vs. Isolation (19-40 years), 7) Generativity vs. Stagnation (40-65 years), 8) Integrity vs. Despair (65+ years).
What are psychological defense mechanisms and why do we use them?
-Psychological defense mechanisms are unconscious strategies that protect us from anxiety arising from unacceptable thoughts or feelings. We use them to cope with internal conflicts and external pressures.
List and briefly explain the first three psychological defense mechanisms discussed in the script.
-The first three defense mechanisms are: 1) Denial, which is refusing to recognize a threatening situation; 2) Repression, which involves pushing threatening situations out of conscious memory; and 3) Rationalization, which is making up acceptable excuses for unacceptable behavior.
How does projection work as a psychological defense mechanism?
-Projection is a defense mechanism where an individual attributes their own unacceptable thoughts or feelings onto someone else, thus avoiding the anxiety associated with those thoughts or feelings.
What is reaction formation in the context of psychological defense mechanisms?
-Reaction formation is a defense mechanism where an individual exhibits the opposite behavior or emotion of what they are truly feeling to avoid acknowledging those unacceptable feelings.
Describe the process of sublimation as a psychological defense mechanism.
-Sublimation is a defense mechanism where socially unacceptable urges are transformed into socially acceptable behaviors, often through creative or productive outlets.
Outlines
π§ Introduction to Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory
This paragraph introduces the audience to Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory, emphasizing the importance of the unconscious mind, likened to an iceberg with most of it hidden beneath the surface. Freud's theory of personality is outlined with three structures: id, ego, and superego. The paragraph also discusses Freud's psychosexual stages of development, including the oral, anal, phallic, latent, and genital stages, and how the ego and superego develop during these stages.
π‘ Defense Mechanisms in Psychology
The second paragraph delves into psychological defense mechanisms, which are unconscious strategies used to protect oneself from anxiety caused by unacceptable thoughts or feelings. It lists and explains the first three defense mechanisms: denial, repression, and rationalization. Denial involves refusing to recognize a threatening situation, repression pushes threatening situations out of conscious memory, and rationalization involves making up acceptable excuses for unacceptable behavior.
π Further Exploration of Defense Mechanisms
This paragraph continues the discussion on psychological defense mechanisms, covering projection, reaction formation, displacement, regression, identification, compensation, and sublimation. It provides examples for each mechanism, such as projection where one attributes their own unacceptable thoughts to others. Reaction formation is described as transforming unacceptable impulses into their opposite. Displacement is transferring emotions or behaviors to a less threatening object. Regression is reverting to childlike patterns in response to stress. Identification is adopting the characteristics of others to reduce anxiety, compensation is overperforming in one area to make up for perceived lack in another, and sublimation is converting unacceptable impulses into socially acceptable behavior.
Mindmap
Keywords
π‘Psychological Perspective of the Self
π‘Sigmund Freud
π‘Unconscious Mind
π‘Psychosexual Stages
π‘Defense Mechanisms
π‘Ego
π‘Superego
π‘Id
π‘Regression
π‘Sublimation
π‘Albert Bandura
Highlights
Introduction to lesson three of chapter one focusing on the psychological perspective of the self.
Discussion on Sigmund Freud's focus on the importance of the unconscious mind.
Analogy of the mind as an iceberg, with the unconscious being the larger part.
Identification of Freud's three structures of personality: id, ego, and superego.
Explanation of the id as the source of instinctual drives.
Description of the superego as the moral component that guides behavior.
Clarification of the ego's role in mediating between the id and superego.
Introduction to Freud's psychosexual stages of development.
Details of the oral stage from birth to one year.
Explanation of the anal stage from one to three years.
Description of the phallic stage and its significance in the development of the superego.
Mention of the latent stage and its period from six to puberty.
Discussion of the genital stage as the final stage of psychosexual development.
Introduction to the concept of psychological defense mechanisms.
Definition of denial as a defense mechanism.
Explanation of repression and its role in pushing threatening situations out of conscious memory.
Discussion of rationalization as creating acceptable excuses for unacceptable behavior.
Introduction to projection as attributing one's own unacceptable thoughts to others.
Description of reaction formation as converting unacceptable impulses into their opposite.
Explanation of displacement as transferring emotions or behaviors to less threatening objects.
Discussion of regression as reverting to childlike behaviors in response to stress.
Introduction to identification as a defense mechanism where one tries to become like someone else.
Description of compensation as attempting to excel in one area to make up for perceived lack in another.
Explanation of sublimation as turning unacceptable urges into socially acceptable behaviors.
Anticipation of the next video discussing Albert Bandura's concept of the self as proactive agency.
Transcripts
hello students and welcome back to our
class
in today's video we will continue our
discussion
of lesson three of chapter one
psychological perspective of the self
psychologist is probably one of the most
popular
psychologists sigmund freud
focused on working is more of the
importance of
the unconscious the mind is like an
iceberg
it floats with one seventh of its bulk
above
water you mind nothing
unconscious is just around one seven
at most part nung my nathan is composed
of
the unconscious freud identified
three structures of personality atom
so the eid the ego and the supreme
at a
if we give an example
juno says i want it and i want it now
my name is super ego sabina you can't
have it it's not riot it's not the right
thing to do in itamayan
perez
you have to be respectful of the people
you meet of the people
so that's how it works kisama dance at
the discussion sigmund freud
psychosexual seizures there are five
psychosexual aesthesias according to
sigmund freud
is the oral stage or birth to one year
a original zone
okay the next stage after that is the
anal stage
three to six
specifically with our genitals okay
and then the fourth one is the uh latent
stage
sex to puberty inactive individual
we are focused on a lot of things okay
you know focus
usually we learn sports
again there are five ecosexual stages
the oral enal phallic latent and genital
your ego they develop during the oral
stages
imagine
starting from birth okay super ego
develops
during the phallic stage okay say super
ego
is more of young social expectations
in absorbing chambray we have to learn
those expectations first
can develop during the phallic stage
path
i it'll favorite kato shamanito galen
foreign development
i just saw this internet i i don't
really recall a specifically
where i just find it funny and really
birth to two years old
three to eight years old para mihanan
toys
nine to eighteen years old patas and
grades
19 to 25 years old pada mini
26 to 35 years old pagan dahinawa
36 to 45
46 to 55
56 to 70
and 70 above
okay so i just inserted this because
i find it funny now let's proceed with
the psychological defense mechanisms
these are strategies that we use
unconsciously
to protect ourselves from anxiety
arising from unacceptable thoughts
or feelings
causes anxiety our mind works
amazing ways different ways for us to
avoid such situations okay so
put them into the internet actually
there are different numbers of
psychological defense mechanism
vincent 12 15 20 but in our class we
will only
focus on the 10 psychological defense
mechanism
so now we have is
refusal to recognize a threatening
situation
actually this is
okay next we have repression repression
sabidito is pushing
threatening situations out of conscious
memory
an example of this would be uh people
in the rape especially at the young
at a young age right the rape is at a
young age
that boys when they grow old they don't
have a recollection
that they were actually raped when they
were a child
[Music]
that your mind actually repressed
that experience of your conscious memory
unconscious part of your mind
okay and the third one we have is
rationalization
we make up acceptable excuses for
unacceptable behavior halimbawa
okay so we have denial repression
rationalization as our first
three psychological defense mechanism
the next two defense a psychological
defense mechanism that we will discuss
are projection
and
another example would be if you are
cheating and healing is a cheating
example
[Music]
thoughts mo don't support normal so
that's projection
on the other hand we have reaction
information and a manual reaction for me
showing
reaction for me showing condemn
something that has an unconscious appeal
so something
into something that feeling moments
acceptable for other people
okay reaction or
opinion next we have
displacement and in displacement you
transfer
emotions or behavior to another less
threatening
stuff
okay next we have regression falling
back on child's leg patterns as a way of
coping with stressful situations
your most common example not regression
as far as i know is
kids
they will fall back to their child-like
pattern
or they are threatened by the new babies
family the last three that we have
are identification compensation
and subdivision identification and
omaron
you try to become someone like someone
else to deal with one's anxiety usually
with high school students you want to
belong i almost exclude
so you try to be someone else
to belong to the group okay you try to
identify
with the group next we have compensation
okay trying to make up for areas in
which a lack is perceived by becoming
superior
in some area chambering dina mantayu
magaling salahat
sports performing arts
so i'm jaguar most compensation for
example you're not good academically
you will try to focus and exceed from
catalina which is for example sports
so your new compensation try to
compensate the feeling
by focusing on another magalinka
lastly we have sublimation
sublimation is probably something
interesting for me
turning socially unacceptable urges into
socially acceptable behavior
much interesting sublimation
so those are five or five or ten
psychological defense mechanism
on our next video we will discuss our
sixth
psychologist albert bandura he proposed
the self as proactive
and agency
that's the end of our discussion thank
you for your time
and thank you for listening bye class
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