Arts and Crafts in the Philippines (Part 2)

Summary

This video explores the rich tapestry of Philippine indigenous arts, focusing on graphic and plastic arts. It delves into folk writing, with the 'suyat' scripts, which vary across ethnolinguistic groups. The discussion moves to folk paintings, reflecting traditional life, and ornamental textile or fiber art, including hat making and mask making, both integral to cultural festivals. Pottery is highlighted, with artifacts like the 'banungul jar' and 'maitum anthropomorphic pottery' showcasing the ancient pottery culture. The video concludes with an assignment for viewers to research traditional accessories, emphasizing their origin, history, and significance.

Takeaways

• 🖋️ The Philippines has a rich history of indigenous scripts known as 'suyat', each with unique forms and styles of calligraphy.
• 🎨 Folk paintings in the Philippines often depict traditional life and culture, with a history of thousands of years.
• 👒 Ornament textile or fiber art includes a variety of crafts such as hat making, mask making, and accessory making, reflecting the country's diverse cultural practices.
• 🎭 Mask making is both an indigenous and imported tradition in the Philippines, with some practices dating back before colonization and others adapted from colonizers.
• 🏺 Pottery is an ancient art in the Philippines, with artifacts like the Banungul jar and Maitum anthropomorphic pottery indicating a pottery culture dating back 300 years.
• 🌟 The Manunggul jar is a significant artifact, representing the journey of the soul to the afterlife, and is even featured on the 1000-peso bill.
• 👗 Traditional accessories in the Philippines are often worn with specific garments and are part of the attire, sometimes used for houses, altars, and other objects.
• 🎭 The Moriones Festival and Mascara Festival are examples of celebrations where masks play a significant role, showcasing the ongoing tradition of mask-making.
• 📜 The script 'suyat' was used by various ethnolinguistic groups in the Philippines from pre-colonial times up to the 21st century.
• 📝 The video script encourages viewers to conduct research on traditional accessories, highlighting the importance of preserving and understanding these cultural elements.

Q & A

What are the fields under full graphic and plastic arts in the Philippines?

The fields under full graphic and plastic arts in the Philippines include tattooing, folk writing (suyat), folk drawings and paintings, ornament textile or fiber art, and pottery.

What is 'suyat' in the context of Philippine indigenous scripts?

Suyat refers to the various indigenous scripts of the Philippines, each with their own forms and styles of calligraphy, used by different ethnolinguistic groups prior to Spanish colonization.

Which four scripts survived the end of colonialism in the Philippines?

The Hanunó'o and Ibatan scripts are among the few that survived and continued to be used by certain communities in the Philippines after the end of colonialism.

What are some examples of folk paintings in the Philippines?

Folk paintings in the Philippines often depict the traditional life of Filipinos and folk culture. An example provided in the script is a painting showing the normal life of Filipinos in the farm.

What is the significance of hat making in Philippine culture?

Hat making is a fine art in many communities throughout the Philippines, with traditional Filipino hats like the Gourd Base Tabo being widely used in daily life until the 20th century.

How are masks used in Philippine festivals?

Masks in the Philippines are primarily used during festivals such as the Moriones Festival and the Mascara Festival, where they play a significant role in the celebration of local traditions and feasts.

What is the purpose of accessory making in the context of traditional Filipino attire?

Accessories in the Philippines are often worn with traditional garments and costumes, and they also serve as decorations for houses, altars, and other objects, enhancing the cultural attire and practices.

What is the history of pottery in the Philippines as mentioned in the script?

The art of pottery in the Philippines dates back around 300 years, with important artifacts like the Banungul jar and the Maitum anthropomorphic potteries indicating a long-standing tradition of pottery culture.

What do the human figures on the Banungul jar represent?

The human figures on the Banungul jar represent souls on a journey to the afterlife, as it is a burial jar, symbolizing the belief in an afterlife and the journey of the soul.

What is the assignment given to the viewers at the end of the video?

The viewers are tasked to research different traditional accessories in the Philippines, focusing on one, and create a journal spread about it, including its origin, history, function, significance, or symbolism.

What is an example of a traditional accessory discussed in the script?

The Pangalapang necklace is given as an example of a traditional accessory that one might focus on for the research assignment mentioned in the script.

Outlines

00:00

🖋️ Philippine Folk Writing and Painting

This paragraph introduces the realm of folk writing and painting in the Philippines. It discusses the various indigenous scripts known collectively as 'suyat,' which were used by different ethnolinguistic groups before Spanish colonization and continue to be used today, with four scripts being revived post-colonialism. The paragraph also delves into folk paintings, which depict traditional Filipino life and culture, using a wide array of pigments. Examples of folk paintings are provided, showcasing the everyday life of Filipinos in rural settings.

05:00

🎭 Philippine Fiber Art and Pottery

The second paragraph explores the diverse fields of fiber art, including hat making, mask making, and accessory making, which are integral parts of Filipino traditional attire and are used in various cultural events and rituals. It highlights the 'tabunga' hat, a prized craft made from gourd, and the art of mask making, which has both indigenous roots and influences from external trade. The paragraph also covers the art of pottery, with a focus on significant artifacts like the 'banungul jar' and 'maitum anthropomorphic pottery,' reflecting the long-standing tradition of pottery in the Philippines and its cultural significance.

10:01

📜 Research Task on Traditional Accessories

The final paragraph concludes the discussion by assigning a research task to the viewers on traditional accessories in the Philippines. It encourages an in-depth exploration of one particular accessory, including its origin, history, function, and symbolism. An example is provided, focusing on the 'pangalapang necklace,' which serves as a model for the expected research output. The paragraph ends with an announcement about an upcoming assessment related to the research task.

Keywords

💡Folk Writing or Calligraphy

Folk writing, also known as calligraphy, refers to the art of beautiful handwriting. In the context of the video, it is specifically about the indigenous scripts of the Philippines, collectively called 'suyat.' Each ethnolinguistic group in the Philippines has its own form and style of calligraphy, which has been used for centuries and continues to be used in certain communities for everyday life. The video mentions the Hanunuo and Ibaldo scripts as examples of scripts that have survived and are still in use.

💡Plastic Arts

Plastic arts, also known as visual arts, encompass a variety of artistic disciplines that involve creating physical or visual works. The video discusses plastic arts in relation to Philippine indigenous arts, including tattooing, folk writing, drawing, and painting. These art forms are integral to the cultural heritage of the Philippines and showcase the creativity and aesthetic sensibilities of its people.

💡Suyat

Suyat refers to the indigenous scripts of the Philippines. The term is used in the video to describe the various writing systems that were developed and used by different ethnolinguistic groups in the country prior to Spanish colonization. The video highlights the significance of these scripts as part of the country's cultural identity and their continued use in some communities.

💡Folk Paintings

Folk paintings are artworks that depict traditional life and culture. The video discusses how these paintings often showcase the daily life of Filipinos and their folk culture. They have been a part of the archipelago's artistic tradition for thousands of years, with pigments used ranging from gold, yellow, reddish-purple, green, white, blue, and more. These paintings serve as a visual record of the country's rich cultural heritage.

💡Ornament Textile or Fiber Art

Ornament textile or fiber art includes a range of crafts such as hat making, mask making, and accessory making. The video explains how these crafts are integral to Filipino culture, with hats like the Gourd Hat of Abra and Ilokos being prized examples. These items are not only used for daily wear but also during special occasions like festivals and rituals, reflecting the deep connection between art and tradition in the Philippines.

💡Hat Making

Hat making is highlighted in the video as a fine art in many communities throughout the Philippines. The Gourd Hat, for instance, is a traditional craft that has been widely used in daily life until the 20th century. The video mentions that these hats are now worn during festivals, rituals, or in theater, indicating their cultural significance and the preservation of traditional practices.

💡Mask Making

Mask making is described in the video as both an indigenous and imported tradition. Indigenous because it originated locally, and imported as it was adapted from colonizers. The video notes that mask-making practices existed prior to colonization, and some traditions were introduced through trade. Today, masks are worn during festivals like the Moriones Festival and the Mascara Festival, showcasing the continued importance of this art form in Filipino culture.

💡Accessory Making

Accessory making is discussed in the context of traditional Filipino attire. Accessories are often worn with specific garments or costumes and are used as part of an attire. The video mentions that these accessories are also used for houses, altars, and other objects, indicating their versatility and cultural significance in adornment and ritualistic practices.

💡Pottery

Pottery, including ceramic making and folk clay sculptures, is a long-standing part of Philippine culture. The video provides examples such as the Banungul jar and the Maitum anthropomorphic pottery, which are significant artifacts that date back centuries. These pottery pieces not only serve practical purposes but also have symbolic meanings, such as representing the journey of the soul to the afterlife, as seen in the Banungul jar.

💡Manunggul Jar

The Manunggul jar is a specific type of pottery artifact mentioned in the video, dating back to the early 1960s and found in the Manunggal Cave. It is a secondary burial jar, and its design is believed to represent the journey of the soul to the afterlife. The video describes the jar's imagery, which includes a boatman seated behind two human figures with their hands crossed on their chests, a traditional Filipino practice for arranging the deceased.

💡Maitum Potteries

Maitum potteries refer to the earthenware pots resembling human figures found in Ayub Cave in Sarangani Province. These pots, dated to the Metal Age, were used for secondary burials. The video describes how each jar had a head-shaped cover that portrayed different expressions, reflecting the long-standing tradition of pottery in the Philippines and the cultural significance of these artifacts.

Highlights

Introduction to the continuation of discussions on arts and crafts in the Philippines.

Exploration of the four graphic arts in plastic arts: tattooing, folk writing, drawing, and painting.

Discussion on folk writing or calligraphy, with a focus on indigenous scripts called 'suyat'.

Mention of the variety of ethnolinguistic groups in the Philippines and their unique calligraphic styles.

Historical context of the use of scripts from pre-colonial times to the 21st century.

Revival of four Soviet scripts post-colonialism: Hanunuo and Ibaldo.

Folk paintings and their depiction of traditional Filipino life and culture.

Use of natural pigments in folk paintings, such as gold, yellow, red, and blue.

Ornamental textile and fiber art, including hat making, mask making, and accessory making.

Significance of hat making in Philippine communities and the use of gourd in creating traditional hats.

Mask making as both an indigenous and imported tradition, with examples like the Moriones Festival.

Accessory making as an integral part of traditional Filipino attire and its use in various cultural practices.

Pottery as an ancient art form in the Philippines, with a history dating back 300 years.

Description of the Manunggul jar, an important pottery artifact representing the journey to the afterlife.

Maitum anthropomorphic pottery, showcasing the long-standing tradition of pottery in the Philippines.

Assignment for students to research and create a journal spread on traditional accessories.

Emphasis on the importance of understanding the origin, history, and significance of traditional accessories.

Example provided on researching the Pangalapang necklace for the journal assignment.

Transcripts

welcome to jack quantity to indigenous

creative craft

this video is a continuation of our past

past discussion on the arts and crafts

in the philippines

so let us proceed with the four graphics

in plastic arts

the fields under full graphic and

plastic plastic arts are tattooing folk

writing

for drawing and painting

so first we have the folk writing or

calligraphy

so the philippine has numerous

indigenous scripts

which which are collectively called as

suyat

so each of

which has their own forms and styles of

calligraphy

we have various ethnolinguistic groups

in the philippines

prior to spanish colonization in the

16th century up to the independence era

in the 21st

century so up until this 21st century

we have used the scripts

with various mediums so by the end of

the colonialism

there are only four of the soviet

scripts revived these are the

hanunu

and ibaldner scripts

so these for

surya

survived and continued to be used by

certain communities in the philippines

in their everyday life so

here we can see the different

uh

script indigenous script writing or the

suyat

that we have in the philippines

so there

next we have

the folk paintings so for paintings it

is like

uh folk drawings

so these are works of art that usually

include depictions of folk culture

so evidence suggests that the people of

the archipelago have been

painting and glazing their batteries for

thousands of years

pigments used in paintings range from

gold yellow reddish purple green

white blue green or

blue

so

for faux paintings these are paintings

which are or which is the usual subject

depicts or describes or shows or

illustrates

the

traditional

life of filipinos folk culture

depictions of folk culture example is

this

painting it shows the normal life of

filipinos in the farm

then next we have

the ornament textile or fiber art so

ornament textile or fiber art includes a

variety of fields it ranges from hat

making from mask making

accessory making

ornamental

crafts and many others

first we have the hat making

so hat making is a fine art in many

communities throughout the country

throughout the philippines so we have

the gourd beast taboo now

hat

of ambra and ilokas so it is it is one

of the most prized

had craft of the philippines

indigenous filipino hats were widely

used in the daily lives of the people

until the 20th century when they were

replaced by western style hats so up

until now some people use hats for their

daily life

they are currently wearing during

certain occasions such as festivals

rituals or

in theater

so this tabunga had here gourd base it

is actually a plant

gourd

that is used

or

creatively used to

make

a hat and it is common in abra and in a

locus

then we have

the mask making so the art of mask

creation is

both an indigenous imported tradition so

it is both indigenous because it began

locally in our country and at the same

time

imported meaning

adapted

from the colonizers that we have so

australian communities

have mask-making practices prior

colonization so while some mask-making

traditions were introduced

through

trade from parts of asia and the west

so today

these masks are worn mostly during

festivals festivals such as moriones

festival

and mascara festival actually even other

type of festival uses masks

when they celebrate

their

feasts

then we have

the accessory making so accessories in

the philippines are almost

almost always worn

with their respective combination of

garments so it is it always comes with

with their

clothes

or with the with the costume it is a

part of an attire so it's um being used

as accessories for houses

altars and other

objects so

even as in maya now culture we have

accessories that comes

with our traditional

traditional attire traditional clothing

then we have

pottery so the art of paterica digressed

into ceramic making

clay pot making and folk clay sculptures

it has long been a part of

various culture in the philippines with

evidence pointing to

pottery culture dating around 300 years

ago so important battery artifacts from

the philippines

includes

the banungul jar

and the maitum anthropomorphic battery

so first we have the manual

manual jar

so

manongo jar is a secondary boreal jar

from the early

1960s in manongal cave

[Music]

[Music]

[Music]

these two figures or human figures

represents

two souls

that is on a journey or on a voyage

to the afterlife so it is believed since

it is a burial jar

uh this

lead or this sculpture or design

represents

the journey of the soul

to the afterlife

so

as you can see the boatman is seated

behind the figures

both man

the new sahara the figure has

its hands crossed on the chest

so

position and combine is actually a

traditional filipino practice

now

we can observe when we arranging and

then body or a corpse no

so yeah it represents a dead body

that is traversing or traveling to the

afterlife

actually this manongoja is very

uh we can always see this in one

thousand peso bills

it's a liquid and onion

image or picture in a manual gold jar

then we have the maitom

pateris or maito anthropomorphic

potteries

so these are earthenware pots resembling

human

figures that were found in ayub gave in

pinol maetum sarangani provence

so these spots were dated to the metal

age pashanos and it is used as secondary

boreal same

so there were 29 jars

discovered

in the province of saryangani and each

of

these jars had head shaped covers for

trees which produce different kinds of

expressions

[Music]

and accordingly each cover portrays

different kind of expressions

so

those

heads

were either plain or some of them are

coated with red or

black paints

so

it's a philippines so it shows how

battery has been practiced or has been

done

for

for a long time

okay

so that ends our discussion

for your journal entry number three

so you if you have noticed in this small

in this module or in this video

we did not give much examples on the

traditional accessories so we had just

an

overview of our

uh traditional accessories or jewelries

or yuma headrest

it is because you are tasked to do a

research

on the different traditional accessories

that we have in our

country

so after doing your research

focus on one select from that

research select from the various

traditional access ratio research where

you have encountered in your search and

make a journal spread about it

so you may include in your journal the

origin history function

significance or symbolism of your chosen

traditional accessories

so we have here an example

so this example

have focused on

necklace pangalapang necklace and

he

researched about that and put

some information or details about that

certain traditional accessories

and that's it that ends this

video discussion

i will be posting the assessment on your

an hour in model class thank you for

watching and listening