RED FORT Delhi History(in Hindi) | लाल किला दिल्ली का इतिहास | Tour Guide & Inside View of Lal Qila

Anirudh Singh

15 Feb 202217:39

Summary

TLDRJoin host Aniruddh as he explores the historical Red Fort in Delhi, India. Built with red sandstone, this royal fort was not only the political center for Mughal emperors but also a symbol of their reign. Constructed under Shah Jahan by architect Ustad Ahmad Lahori, the fort narrates tales of deep struggles against the British. Aniruddh delves into the fort's rich history, architectural marvels, and its significance during India's fight for independence. From the Lahore Gate to the Diwan-e-Khas, each structure bears witness to the grandeur of the Mughal era, making the Red Fort a proud emblem of India's heritage.

Takeaways

🏰 The Red Fort in Delhi, made of red sandstone, was the political center of the Mughal emperors and a symbol of Mughal rule.
👑 Shah Jahan, the fifth Mughal emperor, chose Ustad Ahmad Lahori, also the architect of the Taj Mahal, to build the fort.
🏛 The construction of the Red Fort began in 1639 and took nearly a decade to complete, with the fort spreading over an area of about 1.5 square kilometers.
🚪 The fort has four gates: Delhi Gate, Salimgate, Lahore Gate, and the unnamed 'Lahore Gate', which faces the direction of Lahore, now in Pakistan.
🌳 The 'Lahore Gate' is named so because it faces the direction of Lahore, indicating its historical significance as a gateway to that region.
🛍️ The fort housed a market that catered to the ladies of the royal family, offering luxury items such as jewelry and precious stones.
🎉 The fort was not only a political center but also a place of celebration, with events like Shah Jahan's birthday being celebrated with great pomp.
🏰 The architecture of the Red Fort is a blend of Hindu and Muslim styles, showcasing the cultural synthesis of the Mughal era.
🔨 The British rulers caused significant damage to the fort, converting some of its structures into barracks and causing the destruction of its marble work.
⏳ The Red Fort has witnessed many historical events, including the Indian Rebellion of 1857 and the announcement of India's independence.

Q & A

Who is the narrator of the video script?
-The narrator is Aniruddh, who is welcoming viewers to his channel and taking them on a tour of Delhi's historic Red Fort.
What is the Red Fort made of?
-The Red Fort is made of red sandstone, which is why it is also known as Lal Quila.
Who was the architect of the Taj Mahal and also involved in the construction of the Red Fort?
-Ustad Ahmad Lahori, the architect of the Taj Mahal, was chosen by Shah Jahan for the construction of the Red Fort.
How many years did Shah Jahan rule as the Mughal Emperor?
-Shah Jahan ruled as the Mughal Emperor for 30 years.
What is the perimeter of the Red Fort?
-The perimeter of the Red Fort is approximately 2.41 kilometers or 2.1 miles.
How many gates are there in the Red Fort?
-There are four gates in the Red Fort, known as Delhi Gate, Salimgate, Lahore Gate, and the unnamed gate which is referred to as Lahore Gate due to its direction towards Lahore, Pakistan.
What is the significance of the Lahori Gate?
-The Lahori Gate is named so because it faces the direction of Lahore, Pakistan. It is also the site where the first Prime Minister of India, Jawaharlal Nehru, gave his first speech after independence in 1947, and subsequent Prime Ministers have continued the tradition of giving speeches from this location.
What is the Chhatta Chowk or the covered bazaar?
-Chhatta Chowk is a covered market area within the Red Fort complex, which was built during the reign of Shah Jahan for his two daughters, Roshan Ara and Jahan Ara. It was a marketplace where ladies' items such as jewelry and diamond-studded utensils were sold.
What is the Diwan-e-Aam and its historical significance?
-Diwan-e-Aam, also known as the Hall of Public Audiences, is where the Mughal Emperors would address the public and hear their grievances. It symbolizes the Mughal system of justice and governance.
What is the Mumtaz Mahal and its purpose?
-Mumtaz Mahal is a building within the Red Fort complex that was initially used as a museum. It housed items like cradles, toys, and utensils related to children.
What is the significance of the孔雀 throne (Peacock Throne) mentioned in the script?
-The孔雀 throne, or 'Takht-e-Tavous,' was the throne of the Mughal Emperors, and it was adorned with precious stones, including the Koh-i-Noor diamond. It symbolized the wealth and power of the Mughal Empire.
What happened to the Red Fort during the British rule in India?
-During the British rule, the Red Fort suffered significant damage. Many structures were destroyed or converted for other uses, such as turning parts of the fort into a cantonment for the British army.

Outlines

00:00

🏰 History and Architecture of the Red Fort, Delhi

The paragraph delves into the historical significance and architectural marvels of the Red Fort in Delhi. Built by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan, the fort is renowned for its intricate design made with red sandstone. It served as the political center of the Mughals and a testament to their reign. The fort's construction was overseen by architect Ustad Ahmad Lahori, who also designed the Taj Mahal. Spanning an area of about 1.5 square kilometers, the fort is surrounded by a perimeter wall with four gates, each having historical importance. The Lahori Gate, named after its direction towards Lahore, was the site of India's first Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru's speech in 1947, and it continues to be the site for speeches by subsequent Prime Ministers. The Red Fort also houses the Chhatta Chowk market, which was once a hub for ladies' items and jewelry. The complex includes the Diwan-e-Aam, where the emperor would address public grievances, and the Diwan-e-Khas, which was used for private audiences and council meetings. The fort is a blend of Indian and Islamic architectural styles, with various structures adorned with gold and marble, reflecting the opulence of the Mughal era.

05:01

🎭 Cultural and Military Aspects of the Red Fort

This paragraph explores the cultural and military facets of the Red Fort. It discusses the fort's role as a cultural center, with its gardens and buildings like the Rang Mahal, where royal births were celebrated, and the Khas Mahal, which was used for royal residence. The paragraph also touches upon the military history, including the fort's conversion into a jail after the 1857 rebellion against the British. It mentions the War Memorial Museum, which was established post-1857 and the destruction of many palaces by the British. The narrative also includes the story of the last Mughal Emperor, Bahadur Shah Zafar, who was exiled after the rebellion. The paragraph provides insights into the daily life within the fort, the use of water bodies for cooling, and the architectural details of various buildings, reflecting the blend of Hindu and Muslim architectural elements in the Indo-Islamic style.

10:01

💎 The Kohinoor Diamond and the Fall of the Mughal Empire

The paragraph narrates the tale of the Kohinoor diamond and the decline of the Mughal Empire. It discusses how the diamond, once a symbol of the empire's wealth and power, changed hands multiple times due to political turmoil and invasions. The narrative includes the story of how the diamond was hidden by Emperor Muhammad Shah Rangeela and eventually fell into the possession of Nadir Shah, who invaded Delhi and carried out a massacre. The paragraph also covers the diamond's journey to Iran and its eventual return to India, where it was displayed in various exhibitions. The story reflects the tumultuous history of the Mughal Empire and the significance of the Kohinoor diamond as a historical artifact.

15:04

🏛️ Restoration and Modern-Day Significance of the Red Fort

This paragraph focuses on the restoration efforts and the contemporary relevance of the Red Fort. It highlights the government's initiatives to preserve the historical site, including the installation of new stones and the maintenance of the fort's walls and paintings. The paragraph also discusses the cultural events and military history associated with the Red Fort, such as the Indian Army's presence and the terrorist attack in 2000. It mentions the fort's gardens, which were used for recreational activities and the production of herbal medicines. The narrative concludes with a tribute to the Indian Army and a reflection on the fort's enduring legacy as a symbol of India's rich history and cultural heritage.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Red Fort

The Red Fort, also known as Lal Qila, is a historic fort in Delhi, India. It was the main residence of the Mughal emperors and served as the political and symbolic center of the Mughal Empire. The video script discusses the Red Fort's construction from 1639 to 1648 and its significance as a symbol of Indian history and the struggle for independence. The fort's architecture and its various gates, such as Delhi Gate and Lahore Gate, are highlighted, showcasing its grandeur and historical importance.

💡Mughal Emperors

Mughal Emperors were the rulers of the Mughal Empire, which was one of the most powerful empires in Indian history. The script mentions several emperors, including Shah Jahan, who was the fifth Mughal emperor and responsible for the construction of the Red Fort. The video also refers to other emperors like Babur, who was the first Mughal emperor, and Aurangzeb, who succeeded Shah Jahan. The Mughal emperors played a crucial role in shaping the architectural and cultural heritage of India.

💡Shahjahanabad

Shahjahanabad was the name given to Delhi by the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan when he decided to shift his capital from Agra to Delhi. The video script describes how Shah Jahan renamed the city and made it his imperial capital, signifying the city's transformation and growth during his reign. The term is used to illustrate the expansion and the architectural legacy left behind by the emperor, including the Red Fort.

💡Uprising of 1857

The Uprising of 1857, also known as India's First War of Independence, was a significant rebellion against British rule in India. The script refers to the impact of this uprising on the Red Fort and the Mughal Empire, particularly the last Mughal Emperor, Bahadur Shah Zafar, who was exiled after the British suppressed the rebellion. The video discusses the fort's role during this period and the subsequent decline of the Mughal Empire.

💡British Raj

The British Raj refers to the period of British rule in India, which lasted from 1858 to 1947. The video script mentions the changes and damages the British inflicted on the Red Fort and its structures, such as the removal of marble and the conversion of certain buildings into military use. The term 'British Raj' is used to describe the period of colonial rule that led to significant alterations in the architectural and cultural landscape of India.

💡Architectural Heritage

Architectural heritage refers to the physical remains of past civilizations, such as buildings, monuments, and structures that reflect the cultural and historical identity of a place. The video script emphasizes the Red Fort's architectural heritage, highlighting its blend of Indian and Islamic architectural styles, the use of red sandstone, and the intricate details that make it a symbol of India's rich history.

💡Diwan-e-Khas

Diwan-e-Khas, also known as the Hall of Private Audiences, is a significant part of the Red Fort complex. It was where the Mughal Emperor would meet with important officials and dignitaries. The script describes the hall's marble throne and the architectural details that reflect the emperor's power and wealth. The term is used to illustrate the functioning of the Mughal court and the emperor's interactions with his subjects.

💡Mumtaz Mahal

Mumtaz Mahal was a museum within the Red Fort complex, named after Mumtaz Mahal, the wife of Emperor Shah Jahan. The video script mentions that it was the first museum in India, established in the 19th century. It housed various artifacts and relics from the Mughal period, showcasing the cultural and artistic achievements of the empire. The term is used to highlight the preservation of the Mughal legacy and the transition of the Red Fort into a space for cultural education.

💡Kohinoor

The Kohinoor is one of the most famous diamonds in the world, which was part of the Mughal royal treasury and later became part of the British Crown Jewels. The video script recounts the history of the Kohinoor, its association with the Mughal emperors, and its eventual transfer to the British. The term is used to illustrate the wealth and opulence of the Mughal court and the subsequent loss of cultural treasures during colonial rule.

💡Indian Independence

Indian Independence refers to the event on August 15, 1947, when India gained independence from British rule. The video script mentions the historical significance of the Red Fort as the site where the first Prime Minister of India, Jawaharlal Nehru, delivered his famous 'Tryst with Destiny' speech marking India's independence. The term is used to emphasize the Red Fort's role as a symbol of national pride and the struggle for freedom.

💡Cultural Significance

Cultural significance refers to the importance of a place, object, or event in representing the values, beliefs, and history of a society. The video script discusses the Red Fort's cultural significance, highlighting its role as a center for art, architecture, and the celebration of important events during the Mughal era. The term is used to convey the fort's enduring impact on Indian culture and its status as a national monument.

Highlights

Delhi's historic Red Fort is made of red sandstone and was the political center of the Mughal Empire.

The Red Fort was constructed under the reign of Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan by architect Ustad Ahmad Lahori.

The fort is spread over an area of about 50 acres and has a perimeter wall of 2.41 kilometers.

The fort has four gates, including the Delhi Gate, Salimgate, and the Lahore Gate, which is named after the direction it faces towards Lahore, Pakistan.

The Red Fort is a testament to the deep struggles against the Mughal Raj and the British, and is a symbol of India's struggle for freedom.

The fort is a fine example of Indian craftsmanship and architecture, showcasing the grandeur and opulence of the Mughal era.

The Diwan-e-Aam, or Hall of Public Audiences, was the seat of the Mughal emperors and a symbol of justice and governance.

The fort's gardens, such as the Rang Mahal and the Naubat Khana, reflect the Mughal's love for nature and their architectural prowess.

The Mumtaz Mahal, built in the 17th century, was one of the first museums in India and housed various artifacts and relics.

The fort's architecture is a blend of Hindu and Muslim styles, showcasing the cultural synthesis during the Mughal period.

The British Raj caused significant damage to the Red Fort, including the destruction of its marble structures.

The last Mughal emperor, Bahadur Shah Zafar, was arrested and exiled from the fort, marking the end of the Mughal rule in India.

The Red Fort has been a site of national importance, with the first Prime Minister of India, Jawaharlal Nehru, delivering his first speech here.

The fort has been a witness to many historical events, including the Indian Rebellion of 1857 and the subsequent British response.

The fort's architecture includes intricate details such as the use of five different metals in its rings to deter theft.

The fort's design and construction techniques reflect the advanced knowledge of the Mughal era in areas such as water management and temperature control.

The Red Fort is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and continues to be a significant cultural and historical landmark.