Sosiologi Kelas 10 - Pengertian, Ciri, Sifat dan Jenis Perilaku Menyimpang

Summary

This video lesson on sociology explores the concept of deviant behavior, highlighting its definition, characteristics, and types. It covers key perspectives from scholars such as James Tenderizer, Bruce J. Cohen, and Robert MZ Lawang, explaining how deviant behavior challenges societal norms and values. The video also delves into the difference between primary and secondary deviance, as well as individual versus group deviance. Lastly, it discusses the adaptive nature of deviant behavior in the context of societal change, providing insightful examples of both positive and negative deviance.

Takeaways

• 😀 Deviant behavior is any action that violates societal norms, including legal, moral, and social norms.
• 😀 The definition of deviant behavior depends on the majority opinion of a society, as described by James Tenderizer.
• 😀 Bruce J. Cohen suggests deviant behavior occurs when an individual fails to conform to the expectations and norms of society.
• 😀 Robert M.Z. Lawang defines deviant behavior as actions that violate societal norms and require intervention by authorities to correct.
• 😀 Deviant behavior can be categorized as either positive or negative, depending on whether it is socially accepted or rejected.
• 😀 Positive deviance is behavior that, while unusual, does not violate any laws and may be seen as a positive social change.
• 😀 Negative deviance refers to criminal behavior or actions that violate legal or moral codes and are widely condemned by society.
• 😀 Paul B. Orton outlines key characteristics of deviant behavior, such as being definable, acceptable or unacceptable, and relative or absolute.
• 😀 The concept of 'norm avoidance' is introduced, where groups create their own set of norms to justify deviant actions within their community.
• 😀 Deviant behavior can evolve over time from primary deviance (temporary and tolerable) to secondary deviance (habitual and less tolerable).

Q & A

What is the general definition of deviant behavior according to the video?

Deviant behavior is any behavior that does not conform to the norms of society, including religious, legal, moral, and etiquette norms. When someone violates these norms, their actions are considered deviant.

How does James Tendler define deviant behavior?

James Tendler defines deviant behavior as behavior that is considered blameworthy and beyond the tolerance of the majority of society. The key factor is that the majority perceives the behavior as unacceptable.

According to Bruce J. Cohen, what makes behavior deviant?

Behavior is deviant if it fails to align with the expectations and values of society or a particular social group. Deviance occurs when individuals cannot adapt their behavior to societal norms learned through socialization.

What is Robert M.Z. Lawang's perspective on deviant behavior?

Robert M.Z. Lawang sees deviant behavior as actions that deviate from societal norms and prompt efforts from authorities to correct such behavior, such as in the case of drug abuse where law enforcement and rehabilitation are involved.

What are the main characteristics of deviant behavior according to Paul B. Orton?

The characteristics include: behavior that can be defined with specific criteria, behavior that can be accepted or rejected, relative or absolute deviance, deviation from ideal culture, use of avoidance norms within groups, and adaptability to social change.

What is the difference between positive and negative deviance?

Positive deviance refers to behavior that deviates from norms but is beneficial or adaptive, like a woman working as a motorcycle taxi driver. Negative deviance involves criminal or socially unacceptable behavior that violates laws or societal norms, such as theft or murder.

What is the difference between primary and secondary deviance?

Primary deviance is temporary and generally tolerated by society, like occasional rule-breaking. Secondary deviance occurs continuously and is reinforced by societal labeling, leading to long-term deviant identity.

How can deviance be classified according to the actor?

Deviance can be individual, committed by a single person, or collective, organized by a group with defined roles, such as gangs or groups of thieves.

What are avoidance norms in the context of deviance?

Avoidance norms are rules within a subgroup that allow members to engage in deviant behavior secretly, avoiding detection by the wider society. For example, a group of youths drinking alcohol privately within their circle.

How can initially deviant behavior be socially adaptive?

Behavior that initially seems deviant may actually be a response to social changes and innovations, such as using technology in teaching methods, which may be seen as unusual at first but eventually becomes accepted.

Why is societal tolerance important in defining deviant behavior?

Societal tolerance helps distinguish between behavior that is temporarily or contextually deviant (primary deviance) and behavior that is persistently deviant and unacceptable (secondary deviance). It determines whether the deviance is punishable or socially manageable.