KOPERASI

Summary

This video by Dewi Nani introduces the concept of cooperatives (Koperasi) in Indonesia, highlighting its historical roots, goals, and the role it plays in the economy. It explores the development of cooperatives from their inception in 1896 to their current legal and structural frameworks. The video covers various cooperative types, their functions, and the principles that guide them. Additionally, it explains how cooperatives contribute to the welfare of their members and the broader community, stressing the importance of unity, democracy, and mutual assistance in cooperative operations.

Takeaways

• 😀 Cooperatives in Indonesia began in 1896 with the establishment of a bank by Patih R Arya Wiriatmaja to help government employees.
• 😀 The first cooperative congress in Indonesia was held in 1947 in Tasikmalaya, and Muhammad Hatta is recognized as the 'Father of Cooperatives.'
• 😀 Cooperatives in Indonesia focus on mutual aid, economic welfare for members, and community prosperity rather than making profits.
• 😀 There are three types of cooperatives in Indonesia: consumer, producer, and service cooperatives, with savings and credit cooperatives as another specific category.
• 😀 The principles of cooperatives include voluntary membership, democratic management, equitable profit-sharing, and mutual cooperation.
• 😀 The primary goal of cooperatives is to improve the economic welfare of their members and contribute to the national economy's stability.
• 😀 The legal framework for cooperatives in Indonesia is guided by the 1992 Cooperative Law (Undang-Undang No. 25 Tahun 1992).
• 😀 Cooperatives operate based on family-like values, emphasizing solidarity and mutual assistance among members.
• 😀 Establishing a cooperative involves three main stages: preparation, holding founding meetings, and legal registration to obtain official status as a legal entity.
• 😀 Cooperatives are funded through member contributions (such as mandatory savings), loans, external donations, and other lawful financial sources.
• 😀 The governance structure of cooperatives includes a general assembly, board of directors, and supervisory board to ensure decision-making, financial management, and oversight.

Q & A

What is the origin of cooperatives in Indonesia?

Cooperatives in Indonesia began in 1896 when Patih R Arya Wiriatmaja, a civil servant in Purwokerto, established a bank for government employees to help them with high-interest loans. This effort was continued by the Dutch assistant resident, The Wolfan Westerot, who visited Germany and proposed renaming the bank to a cooperative and developing it further.

Why is Muhammad Hatta called the 'Father of Cooperatives' in Indonesia?

Muhammad Hatta is called the 'Father of Cooperatives' in Indonesia because, during the first cooperative congress held in 1947 in Tasikmalaya, he introduced important concepts about cooperatives, including consumer, production, and credit cooperatives. His ideas emphasized that cooperatives should not focus on profits, but on meeting the shared needs of its members.

What are the three types of cooperatives according to Muhammad Hatta?

According to Muhammad Hatta, the three types of cooperatives are: 1) Consumer cooperatives, which serve the needs of workers and employees. 2) Production cooperatives, which support farmers, ranchers, and fishermen. 3) Credit cooperatives, which assist small traders and entrepreneurs with capital.

What is the main goal of a cooperative according to the law?

The main goal of a cooperative, according to Indonesian law (Law No. 25 of 1992), is to improve the welfare of its members, not to seek profit. It aims to fulfill the collective needs of its members through shared cooperation and mutual benefit.

What are some unique characteristics of cooperatives in Indonesia?

Some unique characteristics of cooperatives in Indonesia include: 1) They are allowed to seek profits but this is not the main objective. 2) They are composed of individual members or legal entities. 3) Cooperatives operate based on the principle of cooperation, with an emphasis on family-like relationships and mutual support.

What are the principles that guide cooperatives in Indonesia?

The principles that guide cooperatives in Indonesia include: 1) Voluntary and open membership. 2) Democratic management. 3) Fair distribution of surplus or profits. 4) Limited payment on capital. 5) Emphasis on independence. 6) Provision of cooperative education. 7) Cooperation among cooperatives.

What does the 'family principle' in cooperatives mean?

The 'family principle' in cooperatives refers to the understanding that all members cooperate with a sense of solidarity and mutual responsibility. It emphasizes the importance of working together for the collective benefit of all members, not for individual profit.

What are the four foundations necessary for the establishment of a cooperative in Indonesia?

The four foundations necessary for establishing a cooperative in Indonesia are: 1) Ideal foundation (Pancasila as the guiding principle for justice and prosperity). 2) Structural foundation (The 1945 Constitution, positioning cooperatives as the backbone of the national economy). 3) Mental foundation (Solidarity and individual responsibility). 4) Operational foundation (Law No. 25 of 1992, along with cooperative bylaws and regulations).

What are the different types of cooperatives based on their fields of business?

Cooperatives can be classified into several types based on their business activities: 1) Consumer cooperatives, which provide goods for members. 2) Producer cooperatives, which support production and marketing for members, such as farmers or fishermen. 3) Service cooperatives, which provide services other than savings and loans, like tool rental. 4) Savings and loan cooperatives, which provide financial services to members.

What is the process for establishing a cooperative in Indonesia?

The process for establishing a cooperative in Indonesia consists of three stages: 1) Preparation stage, where a committee is formed. 2) Implementation stage, where a founding meeting is held with all prospective members and relevant officials. 3) Submission for legal recognition, where the cooperative applies for formal approval as a legal entity and is announced in the Official Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia.