FILM DOKUMENTER - YOGYA IBUKOTA REPUBLIK

Summary

This transcript chronicles Indonesia's pivotal historical moment when Yogyakarta served as the temporary capital of the Republic in 1946. Amidst political instability and military threats, figures like Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX and Pakualaman offered their support to protect the government by relocating the capital to Yogyakarta. This act was not only a physical relocation but also a symbol of Yogyakarta’s critical role in safeguarding Indonesia's sovereignty and ensuring the continuation of the republic's governance. The script also highlights the importance of preserving this history, especially for younger generations, through archives and educational initiatives.

Takeaways

• 😀 Yogyakarta played a crucial role in the Indonesian independence struggle, serving as the temporary capital during a time of political and military turmoil.
• 😀 After Japan's surrender in World War II, the Dutch attempted to reassert control over Indonesia, which led to increased security threats in Jakarta.
• 😀 In December 1945, Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX and Pakualaman VIII proposed moving the capital to Yogyakarta for the safety of the government and its leaders.
• 😀 On January 3, 1946, President Sukarno, Vice President Hatta, and key ministers traveled from Jakarta to Yogyakarta by a special train to relocate the government.
• 😀 The move to Yogyakarta was not just a physical relocation but a demonstration of Yogyakarta's support for the newly declared Republic of Indonesia and its sovereignty.
• 😀 The proposal to move the capital was a practical step in response to the security risks, ensuring that the Indonesian government could continue functioning.
• 😀 Yogyakarta's political leadership and its people were instrumental in supporting the Republic, providing essential resources and facilities for the functioning of the government.
• 😀 The transfer of the capital to Yogyakarta marked a concrete commitment from the city’s leadership to defend the independence of Indonesia, aligning with the 'Amanat 5 September 1945.'
• 😀 Yogyakarta’s position as a kingdom, recognized both by the Dutch and Japanese, allowed it to offer crucial administrative and logistical support to the Republic during its early struggles.
• 😀 The importance of Yogyakarta's role is further recognized through initiatives like the Diorama Arsip Jogja, a public exhibition that educates visitors, especially the youth, about this pivotal historical period.

Q & A

What historical event prompted the relocation of Indonesia's capital to Yogyakarta?

The relocation of Indonesia's capital to Yogyakarta was prompted by the chaotic security situation in Jakarta after the Japanese surrender in 1945. This allowed the Dutch military to re-enter Indonesia with the intention of reasserting colonial control, creating a dangerous environment for the leaders of the Indonesian Republic.

How did the leaders in Yogyakarta respond to the threat to the Republic's government?

The leaders in Yogyakarta, specifically Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX and Adipati Pakualaman VIII, offered to temporarily move the capital to Yogyakarta to ensure the continuity of the government, as Jakarta became too unstable for the Indonesian leadership.

What was the significance of Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX and Adipati Pakualaman VIII's offer to move the capital?

Their offer was a significant demonstration of support for the Republic of Indonesia and its sovereignty. It was not just a symbolic gesture but a concrete action in line with the 5th September 1945 proclamation, integrating Yogyakarta into the Republic and actively supporting its government during a critical time.

What role did the people of Yogyakarta play in supporting the Republic of Indonesia?

The people of Yogyakarta played a crucial role in supporting the Republic, especially during the General Offensive of 1 March, where not only the military but also local civilians participated. They provided essential logistical support and were deeply involved in sustaining the independence struggle.

Why was Yogyakarta chosen as the capital during Indonesia’s struggle for independence?

Yogyakarta was chosen as the capital due to its long history as a sovereign kingdom, recognized both by the Dutch and the Japanese. The royal family provided vital support, including facilities and resources, for the Indonesian government, helping it function in a time of crisis.

What is the significance of the 5th September 1945 proclamation related to Yogyakarta?

The 5th September 1945 proclamation marked the formal integration of Yogyakarta into the Republic of Indonesia. The support from the royal family and the people of Yogyakarta was a concrete follow-up to this proclamation, reinforcing Yogyakarta's role in the nation’s independence.

What is the role of the Dinas Perpustakaan dan Arsip Daerah (Library and Archives Service) in preserving the history of Yogyakarta's role as the capital?

The Dinas Perpustakaan dan Arsip Daerah has played a vital role in preserving and promoting the history of Yogyakarta as the capital during Indonesia’s early years. They have cataloged and registered important historical archives with the National Archives of Indonesia to ensure the events are remembered and studied as part of the nation’s collective memory.

How does the Diorama Arsip Jogja contribute to educating the public about Yogyakarta's historical significance?

The Diorama Arsip Jogja provides an interactive and visual experience of Yogyakarta’s history, showcasing 18 rooms that cover the city’s journey from its establishment to its unique role in Indonesia’s independence struggle. It has become an important educational tool, especially for young people.

What has been the public response to the Diorama Arsip Jogja?

The Diorama Arsip Jogja has received an enthusiastic response, attracting nearly 50,000 visitors, with 80% being young people. Despite their initial disinterest in history, many have become engaged and even shared their experiences on social media.

Why is it important to continue discussing and preserving the history of Yogyakarta as the capital?

Preserving and discussing the history of Yogyakarta as the capital is crucial for educating future generations about Indonesia’s struggle for independence. It helps ensure that the contributions of local communities, such as the people of Yogyakarta, are recognized and appreciated in the context of national history.