SEJARAH KONAWE ❗ Mengenal Sistem Pemerintahan Kerajaan Konawe | SEJARAH INDONESIA

Summary

The video delves into the history of the Islamic Kingdom of Konawe, located in modern-day Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. The kingdom was founded by the Tolaki people and reached its peak under the reign of Mokole Tebawo. Its governance system, known as Siwole Matohu, divided the kingdom into four regions, each managed by local leaders. Initially, the people practiced animism and dynamism, but they later adopted Islam, influenced by the Buton Sultanate. The kingdom fell in 1916 after its last king, Larambe, passed away, leading to its annexation by the Dutch-backed Laiwoi Kingdom.

Takeaways

• 🌍 The Konawe Kingdom was divided into four parts: West, East, North, and South.
• 🏰 The western part of Konawe was called Tamboi Tepuli, led by a leader titled Sabandara with its center in Latoma.
• 👑 Konawe was an Islamic kingdom located in present-day Konawe Regency and ruled by Tolaki kings titled 'Mokole.'
• ⚔️ The kingdom reached its peak during the reign of Mokole Tebawo, with its government centered in Unaaha.
• 🌾 The economy of the Konawe Kingdom was based on rice farming, buffalo herding, and fishing.
• 🔄 Konawe’s original belief system was animism and dynamism, but it transitioned to Islam in the 16th century.
• 🛡️ The kingdom was governed using the Siwole Matohu and Pitu Dula Batu systems, dividing regions and roles among nobles.
• 📜 The land was owned by the king but distributed evenly among the people for farming and raising livestock.
• 🤝 In 1906, collaboration with the Dutch led to the fall of Konawe, and it was absorbed into the Laiwoi Kingdom.
• 📖 Islam became the official religion during Mokole Lakinande's reign, replacing previous religious practices.

Q & A

What does 'Konawe' refer to in the script?

Konawe refers to a historical Islamic kingdom that once existed in the Konawe region, with its people being the Tolaki ethnic group.

What was the significance of the 'mokole' in the Kingdom of Konawe?

The 'mokole' was a title for the rulers of the Kingdom of Konawe, and the script mentions 'mokole tebawo' as a significant ruler during the kingdom's golden age.

What was the administrative system used by the Kingdom of Konawe?

The Kingdom of Konawe used an administrative system known as 'siwoem batohu' and 'Pitu dula batu', which divided the kingdom into four parts for efficient governance.

What were the four parts that the Kingdom of Konawe was divided into?

The kingdom was divided into the Western, Eastern, Northern, and Southern parts, with each part having its own leader and administrative center.

What was the role of the 'Pitu dula batu' in the Kingdom of Konawe?

The 'Pitu dula batu' was the cabinet of the kingdom, working directly with the ruler, and consisted of various officials responsible for different aspects of governance.

How did the Kingdom of Konawe's governance extend to the local level?

The governance extended to the local level through 'putobu', which were administrative divisions at the kecamatan (district) level, managed by noble descendants.

What were the main activities of the people in the Kingdom of Konawe?

The main activities of the people were farming, fishing, cattle breeding, and gardening, with land fully managed by the rulers and distributed for agricultural and fishing purposes.

What was the initial religious belief of the people in the Kingdom of Konawe?

Initially, the people of the Kingdom of Konawe practiced animism and dynamism, but later they converted to Islam.

How did Islam spread in the Kingdom of Konawe?

Islam began to be known in the kingdom during the 16th century under the rule of 'mokole tebawo'. It was further spread by merchants from the Sultanate of Buton, Ternate, and Bone, and eventually became the official religion during the rule of 'laki dende'.

What changes were implemented in the Kingdom of Konawe after the adoption of Islam?

After Islam became the official religion, the kingdom implemented Sharia law, built mosques, and prohibited practices contrary to Islamic teachings.

What led to the downfall of the Kingdom of Konawe?

The downfall was due to internal conflicts among the nobles and external pressures, particularly after 'larambe', the last ruler, died in 1916. The kingdom was then absorbed into the Dutch East Indies.