Quellen und Darstellungen

ObeytheSchnabeltier

5 Jun 201604:53

Summary

TLDRThis script discusses the difference between past events and history, emphasizing the role of historians in uncovering the past through sources like artifacts and documents. It explains that sources are original materials created during or immediately after an event, while representations are created later and can also serve as sources, reflecting contemporary perspectives. The script challenges viewers to find their own sources and representations, highlighting the importance of considering the creator's viewpoint.

Takeaways

🕵️‍♂️ Historians study the past by examining various sources to understand history.
🔍 Sources are objects, texts, images, films, or audio recordings that provide knowledge about the past and were created at or near the time of the events they describe.
📚 Examples of sources include paintings, ceramics, documents, records, and speeches.
📍 Sources are location-bound, meaning they depict events from the perspective of the creator's viewpoint.
📖 Representations are created at a time after the event they describe, such as a historian's book or a group reenacting medieval life to make it more understandable.
🏰 Representations can also be sources, especially if they reflect contemporary views or interpretations of past events.
📅 The perspective of the creator or the time in which a representation is made can significantly influence how history is understood.
🗂️ It's important to distinguish between sources and representations as they can provide different insights into historical events.
🧐 Modern tools and research methods allow for a deeper understanding of the past compared to older sources.
📚 Books about historical events written in different eras can contain vastly different amounts of information due to advancements in research.
🔑 The assignment for the audience is to find a source and a representation to bring to the next session, highlighting the importance of engaging with historical materials.

Q & A

What is the primary way historians gather knowledge about the past?
-Historians primarily gather knowledge about the past through the study of historical sources, which include objects, texts, images, films, and audio recordings that provide insights into past events.
What is meant by the term 'source' in the context of historical research?
-In historical research, a 'source' refers to any object, text, image, film, or audio recording that provides information about the past and was created at the time of or shortly after the event being described.
Why are sources considered location-bound?
-Sources are considered location-bound because they depict events from the perspective of the creator's location, reflecting the viewpoint and context of the time and place where they were created.
How do representations differ from sources?
-Representations are created at a point in time after the event they describe, whereas sources are created at the time of or shortly after the event. Representations can include books, documentaries, or reenactments that interpret past events from a modern perspective.
What is an example of a source mentioned in the script?
-An example of a source mentioned is 'Speerspitzen oder äxt aus der Steinzeit' (stone age spear tips or axes), which are physical objects that provide direct evidence of past events.
Why are representations also considered a type of source?
-Representations can be considered a type of source because they reflect how people at a certain time perceive and understand past events, even though they are not direct evidence of the events themselves.
How can a book written in 2016 about the French Revolution be considered a source?
-A book written in 2016 about the French Revolution can be considered a source if it provides insights into how the revolution is perceived or understood in the year 2016, rather than being a direct account of the events of the revolution itself.
What is the difference between a source and a representation according to the script?
-A source is a direct account or evidence created at the time of the event, while a representation is an interpretation or depiction created after the event, often reflecting the perspective of the time it was created.
What is the significance of the location-bound nature of sources and representations?
-The location-bound nature of sources and representations is significant because it emphasizes that historical accounts are influenced by the context in which they were created, including the creator's location, time period, and cultural background.
What is the task assigned to the learners at the end of the script?
-The learners are tasked with finding a source and a representation at home and bringing them to the next class to enhance their understanding of historical research.
Why is it important to distinguish between sources and representations in historical research?
-It is important to distinguish between sources and representations to understand the difference between direct evidence of past events and interpretations or depictions of those events, which can be influenced by the creator's perspective and the time period in which they were created.

Outlines

00:00

📚 Understanding History and Sources

The script discusses the difference between past events and history, emphasizing the role of historians in uncovering knowledge about the past. It explains that historians often rely on 'sources' which are objects, texts, images, films, or audio recordings that provide insights into past events. These sources are created at or near the time of the events they describe. The script also differentiates between sources and 'representations', which are created after the event and reflect the perspective of the creator. It gives examples of how the same event might be described differently based on the viewpoint of the observer, such as a fan's diary entry versus that of a supporter of the opposing team. The script concludes by noting that while sources are straightforward, representations can also serve as sources, especially when they reflect contemporary perspectives on past events.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Vergangenheit

The term 'Vergangenheit' translates to 'past' in English. In the context of the video, it refers to the events and time periods that have already occurred. The video discusses how historians study the past to understand history. For example, the script mentions 'wie sich Vergangenheit vom Geschicht' which translates to 'how the past differs from history', highlighting the distinction between the actual events and their interpretations.

💡Geschichte

The German word 'Geschichte' corresponds to 'history' in English. It is the subject matter of the video, focusing on how we learn about past events. The script discusses that history is derived from various sources like artifacts and written records, which are analyzed by historians to draw conclusions about the past.

💡Historiker

The term 'Historiker' means 'historian' in English. The video emphasizes the role of historians in uncovering knowledge about the past. They are individuals who study various sources to understand and interpret historical events, as illustrated by the script mentioning historians wanting to 'etwas herausfinden' (find out something) about a certain time in the past.

💡Quellen

In this context, 'Quellen' translates to 'sources'. The video explains that sources are objects, texts, images, films, or audio recordings that provide knowledge about the past and were created at or near the time of the events they describe. The script gives examples such as 'Speerspitzen oder X' (spearheads or something) from the Stone Age.

💡Standortgebunden

The term 'Standortgebunden' means 'location-bound' or 'site-specific'. It is used in the video to describe how sources and representations are tied to the location or perspective from which they were created. For instance, the script mentions that sources are 'Standortgebunden', meaning they depict events from the viewpoint of the creator's location or perspective.

💡Darstellung

The word 'Darstellung' translates to 'representation' in English. The video distinguishes between sources and representations by stating that while sources are created at the time of the event, representations are created after the event. An example from the script is a book written in 2016 about the French Revolution, which is a representation of how the event is understood in that time period.

💡Zeitnah

'Zeitnah' translates to 'contemporary' or 'timely'. In the video, it is used to describe sources that were created close to the time of the events they describe, providing a more direct account of history. The script mentions that sources are 'zeitnah oder zeitgleich zum geschilderten Ereignis entstanden', meaning they were created at the same time or near the event.

💡Bewertet

The term 'Bewertet' means 'evaluated' or 'assessed'. It is used in the context of historians evaluating sources and representations to understand past events. The script uses this term when discussing how a book from 2016 evaluates the French Revolution, which is an example of a historian's assessment of historical events.

💡Blickwinkel

'Blickwinkel' translates to 'perspective' or 'viewpoint'. The video emphasizes the importance of considering the perspective from which sources and representations are created. It is mentioned in the context of how different people might describe the same event differently based on their viewpoint, such as a diary entry about a football match from the perspective of a fan versus a player.

💡Verändern

The term 'Verändern' means 'change' or 'transform'. It is used in the video to discuss how representations can reflect changes in thinking or perspectives over time. An example given is how a book from the 1970s about Roman life might differ significantly from a book on the same topic written today due to advancements in research and technology.

💡Expertengruppe

The term 'Expertengruppe' translates to 'expert group'. It is used in the video to refer to the audience or participants who are expected to have a certain level of expertise or interest in history. The script encourages the 'Expertengruppe' to engage with the content and find sources and representations to bring to the next session, indicating an interactive approach to learning about history.

Highlights

The difference between past and history is explained.

Historians are individuals who discover information about the past.

Historians often rely on old objects like spear tips or writings to draw conclusions about the past.

Sources are defined as objects, texts, images, films, or audio recordings that provide knowledge about the past.

Sources are bound by location and represent the perspective of the creator.

Examples of sources include paintings, ceramics, documents, and records of speeches.

Representations are created at a time after the event they depict.

A historian's book written in 2016 about the French Revolution is an example of a representation.

Representations are also location-bound and reflect the perspective of the author or performer.

Modern representations can provide more information about the past due to advanced research methods.

Sources and representations are both created at different times, impacting their perspective on the same event.

Sometimes, representations can also serve as sources, such as a book evaluating the French Revolution.

The book from 2016 is a source for how the French Revolution is thought of in that year, not the event itself.

Understanding how representations can be sources helps in studying changes in population thought.

The importance of the historian's perspective in historical research is emphasized.

The first task for the audience is to test their knowledge in the learning lab.

The second task is to find a source and a representation to bring to the next session.

The session aims to make the audience real history experts.