Animasi Geoheritage DIY - Proses Terbentuknya Pulau Jawa dalam 5 Periode Kejayaan Geologi

Summary

The script explores the geological history of Yogyakarta, revealing its unique natural beauty and geological evidence of Java's formation. It traces the island's creation 60 million years ago through continental collision and the emergence of volcanic mountains shaping Java's backbone. The region's geology includes sedimentary layers, marine fossils, and volcanic formations, showcasing its rich geological heritage with sites like Gamping Eocene and Candi Ijo, reflecting past marine environments and volcanic activities. The script also discusses modern volcanic activity, emphasizing the ongoing geological processes shaping Yogyakarta's landscape.

Takeaways

• 🏞️ Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta is rich in geological uniqueness and history, offering insights into the geological periods of Java.
• 🌋 The formation of Java Island began around 60 million years ago with the collision of tectonic plates, resulting in the merging of smaller landmasses.
• 📜 The geological evidence of this event is seen in the metamorphic rocks along the collision zone, marking the beginning of Java's geological story.
• 🏖️ Between 36 and 6 million years ago, Yogyakarta was a shallow sea with sedimentation processes forming various rock types, including conglomerates and sandstone.
• 🔍 The Gamping Eocene monument in Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta, is a site that shows geological processes from this period, with nummulites indicating shallow marine sedimentation.
• 🌋 The period of ancient volcanic activity in Java occurred between 36 and 10.2 million years ago, forming the backbone of the island with volcanic mountains.
• 🔥 The Berbah lava pillow is a geological formation that indicates volcanic activity originating from under the sea, showcasing the dynamic geological past.
• 🌄 The Candi Ijo area in Prambanan is known for its volcanic sedimentary deposits, marking the aftermath of a super-eruption in the region's geological history.
• 🐚 During the late volcanic period, around 2 to 16 million years ago, the shallow and clear seawater of Java supported the rapid growth of marine life, including coral colonies.
• 🏡 Bioturbated rocks in the Kalianget area, Gedangsari, Gunung Kidul, show traces of marine organisms' activities, indicating a rich marine ecosystem of the past.
• 🗻 Modern volcanic activity, such as that of Mount Merapi, continues to shape the landscape of Yogyakarta, with volcanic materials contributing to the region's geological heritage.

Q & A

What is the geological significance of Yogyakarta?

Yogyakarta holds unique geological evidence that tells the story of Java's geological history from its early formation to modern volcanic activity, consisting of five periods of geological prosperity.

What was the process that led to the formation of the Java Island 60 million years ago?

The formation of Java Island began with the movement of tectonic plates. About 60 million years ago, the smaller landmass known as East Java moved westward and collided with the southeastern edge of the Asian continent, resulting in the formation of metamorphic rocks as evidence of this collision.

What geological processes occurred between 36 to 6 million years ago in Yogyakarta?

During this period, Yogyakarta was a shallow sea area due to tectonic plate movements. Small and large basins formed where sedimentation processes occurred, leading to the formation of conglomerates, sandstone, and coal.

What is the Gamping Eocene Monument and its significance?

The Gamping Eocene Monument in Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta, is a geological heritage site that provides evidence of sedimentation processes around 55 million years ago. It is known as the Gamping nummulites site, indicating that the sediments were deposited in a shallow sea.

How did the volcanic activity shape the landscape of Southern Java?

Volcanic activity, occurring between 36 and 10.2 million years ago, led to the formation of scattered volcanoes across Southern Java. These volcanoes became the backbone of the island, formed by the collision of the already united Java Island with the Indo-Australian Plate.

What is the Berbah Lava Pillow and its geological importance?

The Berbah Lava Pillow is a geological area designated as a heritage site, characterized by its pillow-like lava structures. It is evidence that the volcanoes originated from under the sea, with the lava cooling suddenly as it erupted.

What geological evidence can be found in the Sambirejo area of Prambanan?

In the Sambirejo area, there are layers of white and black volcanic sediments, known as the Candi Ijo area. This is a geological heritage site that shows the traces of volcanic activity from super eruptions.

What is the significance of the Ngelanggeran Volcano in Yogyakarta's geological history?

The Ngelanggeran Volcano is one of the geological evidences of ancient volcanic activity. It is located in the Patuk area and is known for the discovery of the Gambier volcanic rock fragments, indicating its formation in the sea after a series of super eruptions.

How did the conditions around 2 to 16 million years ago contribute to the development of coral colonies in Java?

During this period, most of Java was submerged under a shallow sea with calm and clear water conditions. The abundant sunlight and food sources led to the rapid development of marine biota, resulting in the formation of large coral colonies.

What are the Kalang Desa and Kisingendo Geoheritage sites, and what do they represent?

The Kalang Desa and Kisingendo Geoheritage sites are areas where traces of past marine life can be seen in the form of bioturbation on the rocks. These sites represent the geological history of the area and the activities of marine organisms that lived in the shallow seas.

What is the Wediombo Geoheritage site, and how was it formed?

The Wediombo Geoheritage site is characterized by karst formations that sit atop a series of volcanoes in the Gunung Kidul region. It was formed less than 2 million years ago and represents the geological transition from the past to the present volcanic activity in the area.

How do the modern volcanic activities, such as Mount Merapi, impact the geological landscape of Yogyakarta?

Modern volcanic activities, exemplified by Mount Merapi, release volcanic materials such as hot ash clouds, hot lahars, and cold lahars, which flow into rivers and accumulate, forming alluvial areas and contributing to the geological diversity of Yogyakarta.

What is the significance of the geological heritage sites in understanding the history of mining in Yogyakarta?

The geological heritage sites, such as the ancient mining areas, provide a crucial record of the region's mining history, reflecting the geological processes and the potential for natural disasters like volcanic eruptions and earthquakes.