Vozes Verbais [Prof Noslen]

Summary

This video provides an in-depth explanation of verbal voices in grammar, focusing on the relationship between the subject and the verb in a sentence. It covers four types of verbal voices: active, passive, reflexive, and reciprocal. The active voice highlights the subject performing the action, while the passive voice demonstrates the subject receiving the action. Reflexive voice involves the subject performing an action on itself, and reciprocal voice reflects a mutual action between subjects. The video breaks down each voice with clear examples, making it easy to understand and apply in daily use.

Takeaways

• 😀 Verbal voices refer to the relationship between the subject and the action of the verb in a sentence.
• 😀 There are three main verbal voices: active, passive, and reflexive, with the reflexive having a subcategory called reciprocal.
• 😀 In the active voice, the subject performs the action on the object (e.g., 'Noslen ate the marshmallow').
• 😀 In the passive voice, the object becomes the subject and the subject becomes the agent of the action (e.g., 'The marshmallow was eaten by Noslen').
• 😀 The passive voice has two forms: analytical (using a verb phrase) and synthetic (using the pronoun 'se').
• 😀 The synthetic passive voice is formed by using the pronoun 'se' to express the action (e.g., 'Old cars are bought').
• 😀 Reflexive voice occurs when the subject performs and receives the action on itself (e.g., 'Noslen cut himself').
• 😀 The reflexive voice is characterized by the subject acting upon itself, using reflexive pronouns like 'se'.
• 😀 The reciprocal voice is a subtype of reflexive, where two or more subjects engage in a mutual action (e.g., 'Noslen and Diego hugged each other').
• 😀 The main focus of the script is to explain how each verbal voice is formed and how the subject interacts with the action of the verb in each case.

Q & A

What is the main topic discussed in the transcript?

The main topic discussed in the transcript is 'vozes verbais' (verbal voices), which refers to the different ways the subject interacts with the verb in a sentence in Portuguese.

What does 'voz ativa' (active voice) mean?

In the active voice ('voz ativa'), the subject performs the action of the verb in the sentence. For example, in the sentence 'Noslen comeu o brigadeiro' (Noslen ate the brigadeiro), Noslen is the subject performing the action.

What is the 'voz passiva' (passive voice) and how is it formed?

In the passive voice ('voz passiva'), the subject receives the action of the verb rather than performing it. To form a passive voice, you take the object of the active sentence and make it the subject, while the original subject becomes the agent of the action, usually introduced by the preposition 'por' (by). For example, 'O brigadeiro foi comido pelo Noslen' (The brigadeiro was eaten by Noslen).

What is the difference between 'voz passiva analítica' (analytical passive voice) and 'voz passiva sintética' (synthetic passive voice)?

The analytical passive voice ('voz passiva analítica') uses a compound verb form, typically involving 'ser' or 'ir', and keeps the agent of the action, e.g., 'O brigadeiro foi comido pelo Noslen'. The synthetic passive voice ('voz passiva sintética') uses a single verb with the pronoun 'se' to express passivity, without mentioning the agent, e.g., 'Compram-se carros velhos' (Old cars are bought).

What is a 'voz reflexiva' (reflexive voice)?

In the reflexive voice ('voz reflexiva'), the subject both performs and receives the action of the verb. The action reflects back onto the subject, often with the help of a reflexive pronoun like 'se'. For example, 'Noslen cortou-se' (Noslen cut himself).

What does 'voz recíproca' (reciprocal voice) refer to?

The reciprocal voice ('voz recíproca') is a variation of the reflexive voice, used when the action is mutual between two or more subjects. For example, 'Noslen e Diego abraçaram-se' (Noslen and Diego hugged each other), where both subjects are performing and receiving the action mutually.

Can you provide an example of a sentence in the active voice?

Yes, an example of a sentence in the active voice would be 'Noslen comeu o brigadeiro' (Noslen ate the brigadeiro), where the subject 'Noslen' performs the action.

What happens when a sentence in the active voice is transformed into the passive voice?

When a sentence in the active voice is transformed into the passive voice, the object of the active sentence becomes the subject, and the original subject is either omitted or introduced as the agent of the action. For example, 'Noslen comeu o brigadeiro' becomes 'O brigadeiro foi comido pelo Noslen' (The brigadeiro was eaten by Noslen).

What role does the pronoun 'se' play in the synthetic passive voice?

In the synthetic passive voice ('voz passiva sintética'), the pronoun 'se' is used to form the passive construction. It helps to indicate that the subject is receiving the action, without explicitly mentioning the agent of the action. For example, 'Compram-se carros velhos' (Old cars are bought).

How does the use of a reflexive pronoun change the meaning of a sentence in the reflexive voice?

The reflexive pronoun indicates that the subject is both performing and receiving the action. For example, 'Noslen cortou-se' (Noslen cut himself), where the action of cutting is performed by Noslen and also returns to him.