Animasi Letusan Krakatau 1883

Summary

The Earth’s tectonic plates are responsible for volcanic activity, with the Pacific Ring of Fire being the most famous volcanic zone. Krakatoa, located in the Sunda Strait, Indonesia, erupted in 416 AD, causing massive destruction. The eruption left three islands: Rakata, Sertung, and Panjang. In 1883, a devastating eruption occurred, resulting in a caldera and a death toll of over 36,000 people. The eruption continued to shape the region, with volcanic activity forming the Anak Krakatau island, a growing landmass in the ocean.

Takeaways

• 😀 Earth is divided into tectonic plates, and most volcanic activity occurs along these plates.
• 🌍 The 'Ring of Fire' is one of the most famous volcanic zones, stretching from the west coast of the Americas, across the Aleutian Islands in Alaska, and down the east coast of Asia.
• 🌋 Krakatau is an island located in the Sunda Strait and is part of an island cluster.
• ⛰ Krakatau's volcanic peak reached an elevation of 2000 meters, with an eruption in 416 AD that destroyed and submerged over two-thirds of the island.
• 🌊 The eruption left behind three smaller islands: Rakata, Sertung, and Panjang.
• 🧱 Lava flow from within the Rakata caldera created two new volcanic islands, Danan and Perbuatan.
• 🔥 A major eruption occurred on August 27, 1883, which destroyed about 60% of the central body of Krakatau.
• 🌪 The eruption created a caldera with a diameter of about 7 km.
• 💥 The eruption released the force equivalent to 21,574 atomic bombs.
• 💔 The tsunami caused by the eruption led to 36,417 fatalities.
• 🌊 Volcanic activity continued below the sea surface, and in the period between 1927-1929, a new island formed from volcanic growth, known as Anak Krakatau.

Q & A

How is the Earth's surface divided?

The Earth's surface is divided into tectonic plates, which are large sections of the Earth's lithosphere that float on the semi-fluid asthenosphere beneath them.

What is the 'Ring of Fire' and why is it significant?

The 'Ring of Fire' is a zone of active volcanic activity that stretches from the western coast of the Americas, through the Aleutian Islands in Alaska, and down the eastern coast of Asia. It is significant due to its high volcanic and seismic activity.

What is Krakatau and where is it located?

Krakatau is an island located in the Sunda Strait, which lies between the islands of Java and Sumatra in Indonesia. It is part of an archipelago in the region.

What happened during the eruption of Krakatau in 416 AD?

The eruption of Krakatau in 416 AD was catastrophic, destroying and submerging over two-thirds of the island. It left behind three small islands: Rakata, Sertung, and Panjang.

How did the volcanic activity change the landscape of Krakatau?

Volcanic activity in Krakatau formed new volcanic islands. Lava growth within the caldera of Rakata formed two new islands: Danan and Perbuatan.

What happened during the 1883 eruption of Krakatau?

The 1883 eruption of Krakatau was an immense explosion, destroying approximately 60% of the island's central part and creating a caldera with a diameter of about 7 kilometers. The eruption was extremely violent, equating to 21,574 atomic bomb explosions, and caused widespread tsunamis, killing around 36,417 people.

What is the significance of the tsunami caused by the 1883 eruption?

The tsunami caused by the 1883 eruption was one of the deadliest in history, leading to the deaths of over 36,000 people due to the immense waves that affected nearby coastal regions.

How has volcanic activity continued to shape Krakatau after the 1883 eruption?

Volcanic activity has continued to shape Krakatau through the ongoing formation of new land. From 1927 onwards, a new volcanic island emerged from the sea, known as Anak Krakatau (Child of Krakatau), as a result of eruptions and lava growth.

What caused the formation of Anak Krakatau?

Anak Krakatau was formed from volcanic eruptions that took place between 1927 and 1929, where lava pushed up from the caldera's remaining cavity, eventually growing into a new island.

What was the scale of the 1883 eruption of Krakatau?

The 1883 eruption of Krakatau was of a massive scale, with an explosive force equivalent to 21,574 atomic bombs. The eruption caused global climatic effects, including a drop in temperatures and spectacular sunsets around the world.