Hakikat Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia - PPKn Kelas 12

Summary

This video explains the concept of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI), focusing on its characteristics and historical context. It defines NKRI as a state with centralized power, though some local autonomy exists. The speaker references CF Strong's definition and outlines Indonesia's constitutional foundation and its commitment to unity, as reflected in key articles and figures like Soepomo and Muhammad Yamin. The video also explores Indonesia's archipelagic nature, emphasizing territorial, political, legal, and security unity, concluding with a promise to delve further into Indonesia's national unity in future content.

Takeaways

• 😀 The Republic of Indonesia is a unitary state where supreme legislative power is centralized in a national legislative body.
• 😀 A unitary state, as defined by CF Strong, means that the central government holds ultimate power over all regions, even though some powers may be delegated to local governments.
• 😀 Indonesia follows a decentralized system of governance, where regional governments are granted autonomy to manage local affairs, but the central government retains the highest authority.
• 😀 Indonesia's unitary state was established at its independence in 1945, as affirmed in the opening of the 1945 Constitution.
• 😀 The unity of Indonesia is enshrined in the national motto 'One Nation, One Language, One People,' as declared in the 1928 Youth Pledge.
• 😀 The Constitution of Indonesia clearly rejects any notion of a federal state, emphasizing that Indonesia will remain a unitary state.
• 😀 The 1945 Constitution solidified Indonesia as a unitary state through various articles, including Article 1, which states that Indonesia is a unitary republic.
• 😀 The territorial integrity of Indonesia is upheld in its status as an archipelagic state, with boundaries and rights defined by law.
• 😀 The country's unity is not just territorial but extends to political, legal, social, cultural, economic, defense, and security unity.
• 😀 The preservation of the unitary state principle is considered vital for uniting Indonesia's diverse population and vast archipelago.

Q & A

What is the meaning of a 'unitary state' as mentioned in the video?

A unitary state is a form of government where the highest legislative authority is concentrated in a single national legislative body, and power ultimately resides with the central government, even though some powers may be delegated to regional governments.

How does CF Strong define a unitary state in relation to Indonesia?

CF Strong defines a unitary state as a state where the central government holds the ultimate power, and any regional governments operate under the authority of the central government. This means Indonesia's government is centralized, with the central government holding full sovereignty over the country.

What are the two systems present in a unitary state as discussed in the video?

The two systems in a unitary state are centralization, where the central government controls all aspects of governance, and decentralization, where the regional governments have authority over certain local matters while the central government retains ultimate power.

What does decentralization in Indonesia's government entail?

In Indonesia, decentralization involves the central government granting certain powers to regional governments to manage local affairs under the system of regional autonomy, though some critical areas like foreign policy and defense remain under central government control.

What areas are excluded from decentralization in Indonesia according to the video?

The areas that are excluded from decentralization in Indonesia include foreign policy, religion, judiciary, defense, national security, fiscal policy, and monetary matters.

What does the Preamble of the 1945 Constitution of Indonesia affirm about the country's structure?

The Preamble of the 1945 Constitution of Indonesia affirms the commitment to maintaining Indonesia as a united, sovereign, just, and prosperous nation, with a strong central government structure.

What role did Soepomo and Muhammad Yamin play in shaping Indonesia's state structure?

Soepomo advocated for a unitary state based on integralistic ideology, while Muhammad Yamin emphasized the need for a unified state, reflecting the nation’s collective identity, which ultimately shaped Indonesia as a unitary state in the form of the Republic.

What is stated in Article 1, paragraph 1 of the 1945 Constitution regarding the form of Indonesia's state?

Article 1, paragraph 1 of the 1945 Constitution declares that Indonesia is a unitary state in the form of a republic, solidifying the country's commitment to a unitary state structure.

How does the Indonesian Constitution reinforce the unity of the nation?

The Indonesian Constitution reinforces the unity of the nation by emphasizing the importance of a unitary state through various articles, ensuring a single national government, a unified legal system, and consistent political, social, and cultural integration.

What is the significance of Indonesia being defined as an archipelagic state in the Constitution?

The Constitution defines Indonesia as an archipelagic state, meaning it is a country made up of numerous islands, with territorial waters and boundaries defined by law. This highlights the importance of territorial unity despite Indonesia's vast geographical expanse.