WILAYAH NEGARA KESATUAN REPUBLIK INDONESIA (BAB V - BUKU PENDIDIKAN PANCASILA EDISI 2023)

Summary

This video provides an in-depth exploration of Indonesia’s national structure, starting with the meaning and elements of a state. It discusses the historical and legal formation of Indonesia, its territorial boundaries, and the principles behind its unification. The script delves into the significance of maintaining the integrity of the NKRI (Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia), including the attitudes and actions required to preserve national unity. It also examines Indonesia's government, the role of its citizens, and the importance of supporting the nation's sovereignty through cooperation, tolerance, and love for the country.

Takeaways

• 😀 Subscribing to the Seputar PPKN channel helps support educational content, offering benefits like early access to videos and digital learning materials.
• 😀 The definition of a country includes both an organization with supreme authority over a territory and a social group living within a defined area governed by an effective political system.
• 😀 Several experts provide definitions of a country, such as Roger Henry Soltau, Harold Josep Laski, and Max Weber, who emphasize the role of governance and authority in a country.
• 😀 According to the Montevideo Convention, the essential elements for a country’s formation include having territory, population, sovereignty, and recognition by other states.
• 😀 The territorial boundaries of a country are critical, with Indonesia's region including land, air, and sea, encompassing its archipelago and territorial waters.
• 😀 Indonesia's borders were shaped by discussions among national leaders like Muhammad Yamin, Mohammad Hatta, and Ir. Soekarno during the 1945 BPUPKI meetings, with the final borders determined through voting.
• 😀 The characteristics of a unitary state include a single central government, one constitution, one head of state, and a unified legislative body, all of which apply to Indonesia.
• 😀 The National Congress and historical discussions highlighted Indonesia’s form of governance, leading to the choice of a unitary republic over a federal model.
• 😀 The formation of Indonesia as a unitary republic was formally affirmed in 1945, followed by legal actions and amendments, especially after the Indonesian independence declaration on August 17, 1945.
• 😀 Efforts to maintain the integrity of Indonesia's territorial boundaries include fostering national unity through promoting values such as love for the country, tolerance, cooperation, and community involvement.

Q & A

What is the meaning of 'negara' (state) according to the Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI)?

According to the KBBI, 'negara' refers to an organization that has the highest authority within a specific territory and is recognized by the people within that territory. Alternatively, it can be described as a social group inhabiting a specific area under a political institution or government with a shared national goal.

What are the key elements that form a state according to the Montevideo Convention of 1933?

The Montevideo Convention outlines two types of requirements for forming a state: constitutive requirements (territory, population, and sovereignty) and declarative requirements (recognition from other states).

How does Harold Joseph Laski define the state?

Harold Joseph Laski defines the state as a society that is integrated and has the authority to impose its will, which is legally superior to that of individuals or groups within the society.

What is the significance of the 'de facto' and 'de jure' recognition of a state?

'De facto' recognition refers to the acknowledgment of a state based on the factual situation that it exists and meets the essential state criteria. 'De jure' recognition, on the other hand, is the formal recognition based on legal or constitutional agreements between states.

What does the term 'wilayah NKRI' (territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia) refer to?

The 'wilayah NKRI' encompasses all areas under Indonesia's jurisdiction, including land, internal waters, territorial seas, and airspace. It also includes all resources contained within these areas, ensuring a unified territorial integrity.

How was Indonesia's territorial boundaries discussed during the BPU PKI sessions in 1945?

During the 1945 BPU PKI sessions, various figures proposed different territorial boundaries for Indonesia, including Muhammad Yamin's suggestion to include all Dutch East Indies territories, Muhammad Hatta's preference to exclude Papua, and Soekarno's view based on historical claims like the Majapahit Empire's influence.

What was the result of the BPU PKI's vote on Indonesia's territorial boundaries in 1945?

The majority of the BPU PKI members voted for the second option, which included the entire Dutch East Indies along with territories like Malaya and Borneo, excluding Papua. This decision ultimately shaped Indonesia's territorial boundaries.

What are the four main characteristics of a unitary state?

The four main characteristics of a unitary state include: 1) a centralized government; 2) a single constitution (in Indonesia's case, the UUD 1945); 3) a single head of state (the President); and 4) a unified body of representation (the MPR, DPR, and DPD).

What was the primary argument in favor of a unitary state for Indonesia during the BPU PKI discussions?

The primary argument for adopting a unitary state was to maintain national unity and prevent the fragmentation of the nation, as the country had a diverse population with numerous cultures and ethnicities.

How did the Proclamation of Independence of Indonesia on August 17, 1945, affect the formation of the state?

The Proclamation of Independence on August 17, 1945, marked the formal declaration of Indonesia as an independent state. Following this, on August 18, 1945, the PPKI established the UUD 1945, which defined Indonesia as a unitary state and solidified its sovereignty.