Simbolismo Brasil [Prof. Noslen]

Summary

This video lecture explores the Symbolism literary movement in Brazil, discussing its emergence in 1893 with works like 'Missal' and 'Broquéis.' Key figures such as Cruz e Sousa and Alphonsus de Guimaraens are highlighted, with emphasis on their works characterized by themes of spirituality, mysticism, and sensuality. The lecture contrasts Symbolism with earlier movements like Realism and Naturalism, noting its focus on subjective and transcendental experiences. The discussion also touches on the influence of Symbolism on later literary movements, particularly Pre-Modernism. A musical segment is included to reinforce the movement's key features and themes, offering an engaging and creative way to remember them.

Takeaways

• 😀 Symbolism in Brazil began in 1893 with the publication of *Missal* by Cruz e Sousa.
• 😀 Cruz e Sousa and Alphonsus de Guimarães are key figures in Brazilian Symbolism.
• 😀 Symbolism in literature focuses on spirituality, subjectivity, and transcendental experiences.
• 😀 The movement rejects Rationalism, Realism, and Naturalism, emphasizing emotion over reason.
• 😀 Symbolist poetry often uses symbolism, mysticism, and sensual themes to convey deep emotions.
• 😀 Cruz e Sousa’s works like *Missal* and *Broquéis* feature musicality, individualism, and spiritual themes.
• 😀 Alphonsus de Guimarães’ poetry explores themes of death, suffering, solitude, and love.
• 😀 Augusto dos Anjos, while a Symbolist, influenced the Pre-Modernist movement with his focus on existential themes.
• 😀 Symbolism is characterized by its rejection of rational thought in favor of emotional and sensory experiences.
• 😀 Symbolism's use of oniric, mystical, and fluid language creates an atmosphere of mystery and spirituality.
• 😀 The movement’s key features include musicality, individualism, subjectivity, and an exploration of the subconscious.

Q & A

What year did the Brazilian Symbolism movement begin?

The Brazilian Symbolism movement began in 1893 with the publication of *Missal* and *Broquéis* by Cruz e Sousa.

Who are the two most prominent figures in Brazilian Symbolism mentioned in the script?

The two most prominent figures in Brazilian Symbolism mentioned are Cruz e Sousa and Alphonsus de Guimarães.

What are the main themes explored in Cruz e Sousa's works?

Cruz e Sousa's works focus on musicality, spirituality, individualism, suffering, and even satanic themes, reflecting the Symbolist movement's emphasis on the transcendental and the emotional.

What major works are attributed to Cruz e Sousa?

Some of the major works of Cruz e Sousa include *Missal*, *Broquéis*, *Tropas e Fantasias*, and *Faróis*.

What are the distinctive characteristics of the Brazilian Symbolism movement?

The distinctive characteristics of the Brazilian Symbolism movement include subjectivity, spiritual themes, focus on the subconscious and unconscious, musicality, mysticism, and the use of synesthesia, alliteration, and poetic emphasis on certain words.

How does Alphonsus de Guimarães' work differ from Cruz e Sousa's?

Alphonsus de Guimarães' work focuses more on themes of death, suffering, loneliness, and love, with a strong emphasis on sensitivity, spirituality, and mysticism, while Cruz e Sousa's works include more satanic and individualistic elements.

What is the significance of the figure Augusto dos Anjos in the context of Brazilian literature?

Augusto dos Anjos is significant because he bridges the gap between Symbolism and Pre-modernism, often blending elements of both movements in his works, particularly in his exploration of death and his poetic style.

What was the title of Augusto dos Anjos' major work, and why is he referred to as 'The Poet of Death'?

Augusto dos Anjos' major work is *Eu*, and he is referred to as 'The Poet of Death' because of the central role that death plays in his poetry, reflecting a dark and existential view of life.

How did Symbolism contrast with earlier literary movements like Realism and Naturalism?

Symbolism contrasted with Realism and Naturalism by rejecting the emphasis on external reality and objectivity. Instead, Symbolism focused on the inner world, dreams, spirituality, and subjective emotional experiences.

How did the Symbolism movement impact later literary movements like Pre-modernism?

The Symbolism movement set the stage for Pre-modernism by introducing themes like existentialism and individualism, and its influence can be seen in the works of poets like Augusto dos Anjos, who blended Symbolist elements with emerging modernist ideas.