Penataran P4 (pedoman penghayatan dan pengamalan pancasila)

Summary

The video discusses the history and purpose of P4 (Pedoman Penghayatan dan Pengamalan Pancasila), a program introduced during Indonesia's New Order regime. Created in 1978, P4 aimed to instill a uniform understanding of Pancasila, the national ideology, to promote national unity and support for the government. The program involved lectures, discussions, and presentations for all citizens, from students to government employees. Over time, P4 faced criticism for being repetitive and ineffective, culminating in its abolition in 1998 during the Indonesian reform period.

Takeaways

• 😀 P4 (Pedoman Penghayatan dan Pengamalan Pancasila) was created during Indonesia's New Order era to promote the practice and understanding of Pancasila, the state's official ideology.
• 😀 The program was officially established with MPR Decree No. 2/1978 and aimed to teach citizens how to embody the principles of Pancasila in everyday life.
• 😀 P4 activities included lectures, discussions, and presentations, with all segments of society, including government employees, students, and civilians, required to participate.
• 😀 The primary goal of P4 was to strengthen national unity and prevent communism by ensuring that Pancasila was the guiding ideology for all citizens.
• 😀 The program was designed to address perceived deviations from Pancasila values, particularly following the G30S PKI rebellion, which was seen as a major violation of these principles.
• 😀 P4 was enforced strictly, with penalties for non-compliance, including mandatory repetition for those who failed to attend or engage properly in the training.
• 😀 By 1990, over 33 million Indonesians had received Pancasila education through P4, while another 40 million had gained knowledge through other means.
• 😀 Despite its widespread implementation, P4 faced criticism for being repetitive, as it often overlapped with the PMP (Pendidikan Moral Pancasila) curriculum taught in schools.
• 😀 The program was also criticized for becoming a tool of political control, especially during Soeharto’s regime, which was marked by corruption and abuses of power.
• 😀 P4 was officially abolished in 1998 following Indonesia’s reform movement, with the revocation of MPR Decree No. 2/1978, marking the end of its role as an ideological tool for the New Order government.

Q & A

What is P4, and what does it stand for?

P4 stands for 'Pedoman Penghayatan dan Pengamalan Pancasila,' which translates to 'Guidelines for the Internalization and Practice of Pancasila.' It was a program designed to promote the ideology of Pancasila in Indonesia, particularly during the New Order regime.

Who introduced P4 and when was it established?

P4 was introduced by the Indonesian government under President Soeharto, and it was officially established on March 21, 1978, through a decree by the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR).

What was the primary goal of the P4 program?

The main goal of the P4 program was to foster a unified understanding of Pancasila across Indonesian society. This was intended to strengthen national unity and prevent ideological deviations, particularly those associated with communism, following the 1965 G30S PKI incident.

How was P4 implemented in Indonesian society?

P4 was implemented through mandatory training sessions for various groups, including government employees, military personnel, and students. The program involved lectures, discussions, and seminars, and required participants to prepare written reports. Strict attendance and behavior rules were enforced.

Why was P4 established in response to historical events?

P4 was created in response to the perceived threat of communism and the 1965 G30S PKI rebellion, which was seen as a significant ideological deviation from Pancasila. The government aimed to prevent such an event from happening again by reinforcing the values of Pancasila in society.

What criticism did P4 face over the years?

P4 faced criticism because many viewed it as repetitive, especially since Pancasila had already been taught in schools through subjects like PMP (Pendidikan Moral Pancasila) or PKN (Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan). Additionally, the program became associated with political manipulation and control by the New Order regime.

What was the political context surrounding the implementation of P4?

P4 was implemented during the New Order era under President Soeharto, which was a period marked by strict political control. The government used P4 as a tool to enforce ideological conformity and national unity, often linking it with state propaganda and control over dissenting ideologies.

How many people participated in P4 training, according to official reports?

According to official reports, more than 33 million people had participated in P4 training by 1990, and over 40 million had gained knowledge about Pancasila through other channels.

What led to the eventual abolition of P4?

The abolition of P4 was a result of growing public dissatisfaction with the program, particularly its perceived ineffectiveness and its association with the New Order regime's authoritarian practices. In 1998, following the Reformasi movement, P4 was officially abolished through MPR Decree No. 18/1998.

What happened after P4 was abolished?

After the abolition of P4, Pancasila was reaffirmed as the foundational philosophy of the state, but without the mandatory Penataran P4 program. The focus shifted to restoring Pancasila's role as a national ideology without the controversial indoctrination methods of the New Order period.