langkah AJAIB Soeharto Atasi kekacauan. #sejarahindonesia #sejarah #video #masukberanda #fypシ゚ #news

Summary

This video discusses the political and security measures implemented by President Soeharto during the New Order era in Indonesia. Key topics include the restoration of Indonesia's foreign policy of being 'free and active', the re-establishment of relations with Malaysia, rejoining the United Nations, founding ASEAN, the simplification of political parties, and the organization of elections. The video also covers the Pancasila ideology through the P4 program and the dual function of the Indonesian military (ABRI) in national development and security. These measures played a significant role in shaping Indonesia's political landscape and its global standing during Soeharto's leadership.

Takeaways

• 😀 Restoration of Indonesia's foreign policy of 'free and active' diplomacy through key decrees and actions.
• 😀 Rebuilding of Indonesia's relations with Malaysia, marked by the 1966 Bangkok negotiations and the Jakarta agreement.
• 😀 Indonesia's reentry into the United Nations (UN) on September 28, 1966, and the election of Adam Malik as UN General Assembly President in 1974.
• 😀 Indonesia's pivotal role in the formation of ASEAN in 1967, aimed at regional cooperation in economics and culture.
• 😀 Simplification of political parties under the New Order by merging them into three main forces: PPP, PDI, and Golkar.
• 😀 Six successful general elections held during the New Order (1971, 1977, 1982, 1987, 1992, 1997), with Golkar securing consistent victories.
• 😀 Introduction of the 'Pedoman Penghayatan dan Pengamalan Pancasila' (P4) in 1976 to promote Pancasila understanding and practice.
• 😀 The dual function of the Indonesian National Military (ABRI), serving both as a military force and a driving force in national development.
• 😀 ABRI's significant role in stabilizing the country, particularly in rural areas, through its involvement in development programs.
• 😀 The New Order's policies aimed at fostering national unity, stabilizing the political landscape, and integrating the military into civilian sectors.

Q & A

What were the key steps taken by Soeharto’s government to restore Indonesia’s foreign policy?

Soeharto’s government restored Indonesia’s foreign policy through measures such as re-establishing the 'free and active' foreign policy, rejoining the United Nations in 1966, and initiating the formation of ASEAN in 1967.

How did Indonesia restore its diplomatic relations with Malaysia under Soeharto’s leadership?

Indonesia restored relations with Malaysia by holding negotiations in Bangkok in May and June 1966, which led to the signing of the Bangkok Agreement in August 1966, between Indonesia and Malaysia.

What was the significance of Indonesia rejoining the United Nations in 1966?

Rejoining the United Nations allowed Indonesia to regain its international standing and benefits, such as Indonesia’s election of Adam Malik as the Chairman of the UN General Assembly in 1974.

What role did Soeharto play in the formation of ASEAN?

Soeharto played a pivotal role in the formation of ASEAN by signing the Bangkok Declaration in 1967 alongside other Southeast Asian leaders, aiming to promote regional cooperation, particularly in the areas of economics and culture.

Why did Soeharto’s government streamline the political parties in Indonesia during the New Order?

The government simplified the political landscape by merging and streamlining parties into three main political entities to reduce political competition, foster stability, and avoid internal conflicts within the parties.

What was the result of the general elections held during Soeharto’s rule?

During Soeharto’s rule, Golkar consistently won the majority in every general election, largely due to support from government officials, civil servants, and the military.

What was the purpose of the P4 program introduced by Soeharto?

The P4 program, introduced in 1976, aimed to promote a unified understanding and practice of Pancasila (the national ideology) and the 1945 Constitution across all levels of Indonesian society.

What was the dual function of the Indonesian National Armed Forces (ABRI) during the New Order?

ABRI’s dual function involved serving as both the military force protecting the nation and as an active participant in national development, including governance and societal engagement.

How did the dual function of ABRI impact Indonesian society and politics?

The dual function of ABRI allowed it to have significant influence in both governance and national development, but it also led to increased military presence in civilian sectors and governance, which resulted in some societal tensions and jealousy.

What were the long-term effects of Soeharto’s policies on Indonesia's political structure?

Soeharto’s policies led to the centralization of power, political stability under Golkar’s dominance, and a significant role for the military in both politics and national development, but it also stifled political competition and caused some resentment in the civilian sector.