Lucro Real e Lucro Presumido

Summary

The script discusses the taxation of actual profit in Brazil, explaining that tax is applied to the net income after expenses. It introduces the concept of presumptive profit, a simplified taxation method for businesses with annual revenue up to 78 million reais, excluding certain sectors like banks and insurance companies. The speaker uses the example of a cup-selling business to compare the actual profit tax, which is 34% of the 100,000 reais net profit, with the presumptive profit tax, which calculates tax based on a percentage of total sales. The presumptive method is shown to potentially reduce tax liability, highlighting its benefits for small businesses.

Takeaways

• 💼 The script discusses the taxation of actual profit, which is calculated as the revenue minus expenses, exemplified by a profit of 100,000 reais subject to taxation.
• 📊 There's a general rule for companies to be taxed on actual profit, but taxpayers have the option to choose a simplified, presumed profit system.
• 🔢 For companies with a presumed profit system, the tax is calculated based on a percentage of the total revenue, not the actual profit.
• 🏢 The presumed profit system is available for companies with an annual turnover of up to 78 million reais, excluding certain sectors like banks and insurance companies.
• 💡 The speaker provides an example of a company selling cups with 500,000 reais in revenue and 300,000 reais in profit after expenses.
• 💵 In the actual profit scenario, the tax is calculated on the 300,000 reais profit, whereas in the presumed profit scenario, it's based on a percentage of the total revenue.
• 📈 The tax rate for actual profit is 15% for corporate income tax, with an additional 10% if the profit exceeds 240,000 reais per year, plus a 9% social contribution on profit.
• 📉 The presumed profit system offers a lower tax base by applying a percentage to the total revenue, which can result in lower tax payments.
• 💹 The speaker illustrates that for a company with 500,000 reais in revenue from selling cups, the presumed profit tax would be calculated as 8% of 500,000 reais, leading to a significantly lower tax base.
• 📝 The choice between actual and presumed profit taxation can significantly impact a company's tax liability, and companies should consider their financial situation and revenue type when making this decision.

Q & A

What is the definition of 'lucro real' in the context of the script?

In the context of the script, 'lucro real' refers to the actual profit obtained by a company, which is calculated as the revenue minus expenses. It is the net income that is subject to taxation.

What is the general rule for taxing corporate profits in Brazil as mentioned in the script?

The general rule for taxing corporate profits in Brazil, as mentioned in the script, is based on the 'lucro real' or actual profit. Companies are taxed on the net income they effectively earn.

What is the simplified taxation system referred to in the script?

The simplified taxation system referred to in the script is the 'lucro presumido' or presumed profit system. It is an alternative method where businesses can opt to be taxed based on a presumed profit rather than the actual profit.

What are the conditions for a company to opt for the 'lucro presumido' system in Brazil?

A company can opt for the 'lucro presumido' system if it has an annual turnover of up to 78 million reais and does not belong to certain sectors like banks and insurance companies.

How does the 'lucro presumido' system calculate the tax base?

In the 'lucro presumido' system, the tax base is determined by applying a percentage to the gross revenue or specific types of sales instead of the net profit. The percentages vary depending on the nature of the business activity.

What is the tax rate applied to the actual profit as per the script?

According to the script, the tax rate applied to the actual profit ('lucro real') is 15% for the income tax, with an additional 10% if the profit exceeds a certain threshold, and 9% for social contribution on profits.

What is an example given in the script to illustrate the difference between 'lucro real' and 'lucro presumido'?

The script provides an example of a company that sells cups. With 'lucro real', the tax is calculated on the actual profit of 100,000 reais. With 'lucro presumido', the tax is calculated on 40,000 reais, which is 8% of the 500,000 reais in sales revenue, resulting in a lower tax base.

Why might a company choose the 'lucro presumido' system over the 'lucro real' system?

A company might choose the 'lucro presumido' system over the 'lucro real' system because it can result in a lower tax base and potentially lower taxes, especially for businesses with high gross revenue but significant expenses.

What is the deadline for a company to choose its taxation system as per the script?

The script implies that the choice between 'lucro real' and 'lucro presumido' systems should be made at the beginning of the year, suggesting it is an annual decision.

Are there any additional taxes or contributions that a company must consider when calculating its tax liability?

Yes, in addition to the income tax, companies must also consider social contributions on profits, which are 9% as mentioned in the script.