All Bus Bar Schemes in Substation | Electrical power system | With Advantages and Disadvantages

Summary

This informative video script delves into various busbar arrangements in electrical substations, discussing their advantages and disadvantages. It covers single bus, transfer bus, double bus with single and double breakers, ring bus, and breaker and a half schemes. The script explains how each configuration affects maintenance, operation, and system flexibility, providing insights into the practical implications of different substation designs for power supply reliability.

Takeaways

• 😀 The video discusses various busbar configuration schemes in substations, including their advantages and disadvantages.
• 🔌 The Single Bus Scheme is simple, cost-effective, and easy to operate, but it lacks redundancy and can lead to a complete shutdown if the bus or circuit breaker fails.
• 🔄 The Main and Transfer Bus Scheme adds redundancy with a tie breaker, allowing for maintenance without power disruption, but requires an extra breaker.
• 🚀 The Double Bus Double Breaker Scheme provides flexibility and allows for maintenance without circuit outages, but is more expensive and can still result in a total shutdown if both breakers fail.
• 🔄 The Double Bus Single Breaker Scheme offers the ability to shift feeders between buses and isolates faults effectively, but requires additional breakers and switchgear.
• 🔄 The Ring Bus Scheme provides operational flexibility and high reliability, with the ability to isolate faults without affecting other feeders, but is not easily expandable.
• 🔄 The Breaker and a Half Scheme uses three breakers to control two circuits, offering flexibility and high availability, but requires complex operation and maintenance.
• 🔄 The video emphasizes the importance of choosing the right busbar scheme based on the specific needs of the power system, considering factors like cost, reliability, and maintenance.
• 🛠 Maintenance in different schemes can be facilitated without complete power shutdown, highlighting the importance of system design for operational efficiency.
• 🔒 Each scheme has its own set of advantages and disadvantages, affecting the overall reliability and flexibility of the power substation.
• 👨‍🏫 The video serves as an educational resource for understanding the complexities of power substation design and the trade-offs involved in choosing different busbar schemes.

Q & A

What is a single bus scheme in substation configuration?

A single bus scheme is a substation configuration where all circuits are connected to a single bus. It is characterized by simplicity in design, cost-effectiveness, convenience in operation, and requires less installation area.

What are the advantages of the single bus scheme?

The advantages of the single bus scheme include its simplicity in design, cost-effectiveness, convenience in operation, and the ability to be easily expanded. It also requires less installation area.

What are the disadvantages of the single bus scheme?

The disadvantages include the risk of a complete shutdown of the substation in case of a failure in the bus or any circuit breaker. Maintenance of any circuit breaker requires a shutdown of the entire bus, which can be disruptive.

What is a main and transfer bus scheme and how does it differ from a single bus scheme?

A main and transfer bus scheme adds one or more buses to the single bus station configuration. It includes a main bus and a transfer bus connected by a tie breaker, allowing for more flexibility and the ability to perform maintenance on one bus without disrupting power supply.

What is the purpose of a tie breaker in a main and transfer bus scheme?

The tie breaker in a main and transfer bus scheme connects the main bus and the transfer bus, allowing for the shifting of feeders between the two buses for maintenance purposes without affecting the power supply.

What are the advantages of the double bus double breaker scheme?

The advantages include having two dedicated breakers per circuit, providing flexibility in connecting feeders to each other, and the ability to take a breaker out of service for maintenance without causing an outage of the circuit.

What is the main disadvantage of the double bus double breaker scheme?

The main disadvantage is that it is more expensive to implement and if a breaker fails, it can result in the loss of half the circuits if they are not connected to both buses.

What is a double bus single breaker scheme and how does it function?

A double bus single breaker scheme has two buses connected by a bus tie breaker. Each feeder is connected to both bus bars through individual isolators, allowing for flexibility in connecting feeders to either bus and transferring them without interruption.

What are the advantages of the ring bus scheme?

The ring bus scheme provides operational flexibility and high reliability. It allows for the isolation of a fault by tripping breakers on both sides of the circuit, ensuring that other circuits remain in service.

What are the disadvantages of the ring bus scheme?

The disadvantages include the difficulty of extending the system in the future due to its closed nature, and the potential for a significant loss of system ability if a breaker in the ring loop is switched off.

What is a breaker and a half scheme and what are its advantages?

A breaker and a half scheme uses three circuit breakers to control two circuits, with each circuit connected between two busbars. The advantages include highly flexible operation, high reliability, simple operation without the need for disconnect switching for normal operations, and the ability to take either main bus out of service for maintenance without removing any feeder circuits from service.