LAMBANG KEPALANGMERAHAN
Summary
TLDRThe video script explains the history and significance of the Red Cross emblem, starting from its adoption in 1864 to protect military medical units. It details how Turkey and Iran adopted different symbols like the Red Crescent and the Red Lion and Sun, and introduces the Red Crystal added in 2005. The Indonesian Red Cross (PMI) was established in 1945 and recognized internationally in 1950. The script emphasizes the legal protections for the Red Cross emblem in Indonesia, including penalties for misuse, while affirming the public's ability to engage in humanitarian activities.
Takeaways
- 🏥 The Red Cross emblem is a symbol with a specific meaning and function, representing medical military unity.
- 📜 In the mid-18th century, medical military units lacked a common emblem, often becoming targets on the battlefield.
- 📍 The 1864 Geneva diplomatic conference adopted the Red Cross emblem on a white background to distinguish medical military units and ensure their neutrality.
- 🌙 In 1876, the Ottoman Empire used the Red Crescent emblem as an alternative to the Red Cross.
- 📝 In 1929, a diplomatic conference adopted the Red Lion and Sun as an additional emblem at the request of Turkey, Persia, and Egypt.
- 🔄 After the establishment of the Islamic Republic of Iran in 1980, the Red Crescent replaced the Red Lion and Sun as its emblem.
- 🔺 In 2005, a protocol was ratified to recognize the Red Crystal as an emblem with equal status to the Red Cross and Red Crescent.
- 🌍 Currently, 157 countries use the Red Cross emblem, 34 countries use the Red Crescent, and one country uses the Red Crystal.
- 🇮🇩 The Indonesian Red Cross, known as PMI, was established on September 17, 1945, and is recognized internationally by the ICRC and IFRC since 1950.
- 📜 The Indonesian Red Cross is legally established as the only national society in Indonesia through Law No. 1 of 2018, which also affirms Indonesia's official choice of the Red Cross emblem used by military health units and PMI.
- 🛡 The Red Cross emblem serves as a protective and identification symbol, used exclusively by the national society, PMI, and can be used by military medical units and civilian health facilities with permission from the military commander.
- 🚫 The misuse of the Red Cross emblem by individuals, groups, organizations, or corporations for profit is punishable by up to 10 years in prison and a maximum fine of Rp10 billion under Indonesian law.
Q & A
What is the significance of the Red Cross emblem?
-The Red Cross emblem is a symbol that represents neutrality and protection for medical military units, adopted to distinguish them during conflicts and to ensure their safety.
When was the Red Cross emblem first adopted?
-The Red Cross emblem was first adopted in 1864 during a diplomatic conference in Geneva, Switzerland.
Why did the Ottoman Empire use a different emblem?
-In 1876, the Ottoman Empire used the Red Crescent emblem as an alternative to the Red Cross to align with their cultural and religious identity.
What emblems were adopted at the 1929 diplomatic conference?
-The 1929 diplomatic conference adopted the Red Crescent and the Red Lion and Sun as additional emblems to accommodate the requests of Turkey, Iran, and Egypt.
When did Iran change its emblem from the Red Lion and Sun to the Red Crescent?
-After becoming the Islamic Republic of Iran in 1980, the Red Crescent emblem replaced the Red Lion and Sun as its official emblem.
What is the status of the Crystal Red emblem?
-The Crystal Red emblem, adopted in 2005, has equal status with the Red Cross and Red Crescent emblems, providing an additional option for national societies.
How many countries use the Red Cross emblem?
-As of the script's information, 157 countries use the Red Cross emblem.
How many countries use the Red Crescent emblem?
-34 countries use the Red Crescent emblem.
What is the history of the Indonesian Red Cross, known as PMI?
-The Indonesian Red Cross, or PMI, was established on September 17, 1945, with the first chairman being Dres Muhammad Hatta, and it was recognized internationally by the ICRC and IFRC in 1950.
What is the legal status of PMI in Indonesia?
-PMI's legal status in Indonesia is reinforced as the only national society through Law No. 1 of 2018 concerning the Red Cross and Red Crescent emblems.
What are the functions of the Red Cross emblem in Indonesia?
-In Indonesia, the Red Cross emblem serves as a protective and identification symbol for the national society PMI and is used exclusively by them, including during armed conflicts and for identifying personnel, vehicles, and facilities involved in humanitarian aid.
What are the penalties for misuse of the Red Cross emblem in Indonesia?
-The misuse of the Red Cross emblem by individuals, groups, organizations, or corporations for profit can result in a maximum prison sentence of 10 years and a maximum fine of Rp10 billion.
Does the Red Cross and Red Crescent law in Indonesia restrict humanitarian activities by the public?
-No, the law does not prohibit or limit the public from conducting humanitarian activities; it specifically regulates the operation of the Red Cross and Red Crescent emblems by PMI in collaboration with the community.
Outlines
🏥 Origin and Significance of the Red Cross Emblem
This paragraph discusses the historical development and importance of the Red Cross emblem. It explains that before the 18th century, military medical units lacked a common emblem, making them vulnerable to attacks. The 1864 Geneva Convention adopted the Red Cross on a white background as a protective symbol for these units. The Ottoman Empire later used a red crescent moon emblem, which was officially recognized in 1929. The red lion and sun were also adopted as an alternative emblem upon the request of Turkey, Persia, and Egypt. The emblems underwent further changes, with Iran adopting the red crescent in place of the red lion and sun in 1980. The Red Crystal emblem was recognized in 2005 as an additional emblem with equal status. Presently, 157 countries use the Red Cross emblem, 34 use the red crescent moon, and one uses the Red Crystal.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Emblem
💡Red Cross
💡Geneva Convention
💡Neutrality
💡Red Crescent
💡Red Lion and Sun
💡Red Crystal
💡Indonesian Red Cross (PMI)
💡Protection and Identification
💡Legislation
💡Humanitarian Activities
Highlights
A symbol or emblem is a sign with meaning and function, such as the Red Cross emblem.
In the mid-18th century, military medical units lacked a common emblem, often becoming targets on the battlefield.
The 1864 Geneva diplomatic conference adopted the Red Cross emblem on a white background to represent military medical units.
The emblem reflects neutrality and ensures protection for the units.
In 1876, the Ottoman Empire used the Red Crescent emblem as an alternative to the Red Cross.
The 1929 diplomatic conference adopted the Red Crescent and Red Lion and Sun as distinguishing emblems at the request of Turkey, Persia, and Egypt.
After Persia became the Republic of Iran in 1980, the Red Lion and Sun emblem was replaced by the Red Crescent.
The 2005 emblem proposal was approved, adding the Red Crystal emblem with equal status to the previous two emblems.
Currently, 157 countries use the Red Cross emblem, 34 countries use the Red Crescent, and one country uses the Red Crystal.
In Indonesia, the Indonesian Red Cross (PMI) was established on September 17, 1945, with the first chairman being Dres Muhammad Hatta.
PMI was formed by order of President Soekarno and recognized internationally by the ICRC and IFRC in 1950.
PMI's legal status as the only national society in Indonesia was strengthened through Law No. 1 of 2018 on the Red Cross and Red Crescent emblems.
The Red Cross emblem serves as a protective and identification symbol, used only by the national PMI organization.
The protective symbol is used by military medical units during armed conflict and can also be used by hospital medical staff and civilian transport with permission from the TNI Commander.
The identification symbol serves as a marker for personnel, vehicles, and facilities of official institutions providing assistance during riots and security disturbances.
Use of the emblem by others besides PMI requires written permission from the PMI central management.
The emblem regulation in law provides broader protection and access for PMI or others participating in humanitarian activities.
Misuse of the Red Cross emblem by individuals, groups, organizations, or corporations for profit can result in a maximum 10-year prison sentence and a maximum fine of Rp10 billion.
The Red Cross and Red Crescent law does not prohibit or limit the public from conducting humanitarian activities but specifically regulates the management of the emblems by PMI in collaboration with the community.
Transcripts
lambang kepalang merahan lambang adalah
tanda atau simbol yang mempunyai makna
dan fungsi begitu juga lambang Palang
Merah Tahukah kamu mengapa lambang
Palang Merah bisa seperti itu Yuk kita
simak videonya pertengahan abad ke-18
kesatuan medis militer belum memiliki
lambang yang sama mereka seringkiali
menjadi sasaran penyerangan pihak lawan
di medan perang tahun 1864 konferensi
diplomatik di genewa Swiss mengadopsi
lambang Palang Merah dengan latar
belakang putih sebagai Ang pembeda bagi
kesatuan medis militer lambang ini untuk
merefleksikan kenetralan dan menjamin
perlindungan terhadap kesatuan
tersebut tahun 1876 kerajaan Ottoman
Turki menggunakan lambang bulan sabit
merah sebagai pengganti lambang Palang
Merah tahun 1929 konferensi diplomatik
mengadopsi bulan sabit merah dan singa
matahari merah sebagai tanda pembeda
atas permintaan Turki Persia dan Mesir
namun sejak persia menjadi Republik Iran
pada tahun 1980 lambang bulan sabit
merah digunakan sebagai pengganti singa
dan matahari merah sebagai penutup
usulan lambang tahun 2005 disahkan
protokol tambahan tig tentang lambang
kristal merah yang berstatus sama dengan
dua lambang sebelumnya sejauh ini ada
157 negara menggunakan lambang Palang
Merah 34 negara menggunakan bulan sabit
merah dan satu negara menggunakan
kristal merah di Indonesia badan Palang
Merah dibentuk pada 17 september 1945
dengan nama Palang Merah Indonesia atau
PMI dengan Ketua pertama Dres Muhammad
Hatta PMI dibentuk atas perintah
Presiden Soekarno pada Menteri Kesehatan
kabinet 1 dr Buntaran Marto Atmojo PMI
diakui secara internasional oleh icrc
dan ifrc pada tahun
1950 saat ini PMI diperkuat legalitasnya
sebagai satu-satunya perhimpunan
nasional di Indonesia melalui
undang-undang nomor 1 tahun 2018 tentang
kepalang merahan yang juga mendegaskan
kan bahwa Indonesia resmi memilih
lambang Palang Merah yang digunakan oleh
satuan kesehatan TNI dan
PMI sesuai dengan undang-undang tersebut
lambang Palang Merah berfungsi sebagai
tanda pelindung dan tanda pengenal serta
lambang PMI yang digunakan hanya oleh
perhimpunan nasional
PMI tanda pelindung digunakan saat
konflik bersenjata oleh satuan kesehatan
TNI dapat juga digunakan oleh tenaga
kesehatan rumah sakit dan sarana
transportasi sipil setelah mendapat izin
dari Panglima
TNI sedangkan tanda pengenal berfungsi
sebagai penanda personel kendaraan dan
tempat dari Lembaga resmi yang melakukan
pertolongan dan bantuan pada saat
kerusuhan dan gangguan
keamanan pengguna selain PMI harus
seizin tertulis dari pengurus pusat
PMI pengaturan lambang dalam
undang-undang memberikan perlindungan
dan akses yang lebih luas dalam
memberikan bantuan pada masyarakat bagi
PMI atau pihak lain yang
berpartisipasi penyalahgunaan lambang
Palang Merah oleh individu kelompok
lembaga organisasi dan korporasi untuk
mencari keuntungan dapat dikenakan
sanksi penjara maksimal 10 tahun dan
denda pidana maksimal Rp10
miliar undang-undang kepalang merahan
ini tidak melarang atau membatasi
masyarakat dalam melakukan kegiatan
kemanusiaan undang-undang ini khusus
untuk mengatur penyelenggaraan kepalang
merahan yang dilakukan oleh PMI bersama
masyarakat
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