AI is terrifying, but not for the reasons you think!
Summary
TLDRThis script explores the rapid evolution of AI and its potential to replace human jobs, causing anxiety among workers. It discusses the environmental impact of AI's energy consumption, copyright issues in AI training, and the ethical concerns surrounding AI biases and content moderation. The narrative emphasizes the need for a sustainable, ethical AI development path.
Takeaways
- 🤖 The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) has sparked fears of robots taking over and replacing human jobs, with some estimates suggesting AI could replace 300 million full-time jobs.
- 🌐 Generative AI is increasingly accessible, leading to anxiety among workers about their roles being automated, as highlighted by a Price Waterhouse Cooper survey showing nearly one-third of respondents were concerned about job displacement by technology within three years.
- 🎨 Creatives worldwide are worried about the impact of AI on the authenticity of art, questioning whether human creativity will still be necessary in a world dominated by AI-generated content.
- 🚀 Concerns about AI reaching a point of uncontrollable self-improvement are prevalent, with the fear that advanced AI could surpass human intelligence and become autonomous, leading to unpredictable consequences.
- 🌳 The environmental impact of AI is significant, with large AI models like Bloom consuming as much energy as 30 homes in a year and emitting substantial carbon dioxide, highlighting the need for sustainable AI development.
- 🌞 Solar Slice is a startup aiming to mitigate the environmental impact of AI by allowing individuals to fund the construction of large-scale solar farms, supporting the transition to clean energy and reducing carbon emissions.
- 📚 Copyright issues surrounding AI training data have become a major concern, with companies like Open AI facing legal challenges for using copyrighted content from sources like YouTube without permission.
- 📈 The growth of large language models has been exponential, increasing 2,000 times in size over the last five years, which raises questions about the environmental and ethical implications of such massive data consumption.
- 🖼️ Artists, musicians, and writers are increasingly concerned about their work being used in AI training without consent or compensation, leading to legal disputes and calls for clearer regulations on AI data use.
- 🔍 AI biases can perpetuate societal prejudices, with discriminatory data leading to unfair outcomes in applications like law enforcement, healthcare, and job recruitment, emphasizing the need for unbiased AI training data.
Q & A
What is the primary concern regarding the evolution of artificial intelligence?
-The primary concern is that artificial intelligence might evolve at an incomprehensibly fast pace, potentially leading to AI systems that are uncontrollable and could replace human jobs.
What did Goldman Sachs report about AI's impact on employment?
-Goldman Sachs published a report stating that AI could replace the equivalent of 300 million full-time jobs.
What did a Price Waterhouse Cooper survey from May 2022 reveal about workers' concerns?
-The survey found that almost one-third of respondents were worried about their employment roles being replaced by technology in the next three years.
How does the proliferation of AI affect creatives worldwide?
-Creatives worldwide are fearful that art as they know it faces an existential threat with the proliferation of AI, questioning whether human authenticity is necessary in the world anymore.
What is the environmental impact of AI models like Bloom?
-Bloom, an AI model focused on ethics, transparency, and consent, was found to use as much energy as 30 homes in one year and emit 20 tons of carbon dioxide, highlighting the environmental impact of AI.
What is the significance of the AI model Bloom's energy consumption in comparison to larger models?
-Bloom's energy consumption is relatively small compared to larger models like GPT, which are assumed to use at least 20 times more energy, indicating a significant environmental cost.
What is Solar Slice and how does it aim to address the climate crisis?
-Solar Slice is a startup that allows individuals to fund the construction of large-scale solar farms, accelerating the transition to clean energy. Users can sponsor a slice of a solar farm, track its energy production and carbon savings, and earn eco points for further environmental contributions.
What are the copyright issues surrounding AI model training?
-AI models require massive amounts of data to work effectively, often scraping content from platforms like YouTube without permission. This raises ethical and legal questions about the use of copyrighted material in AI training.
How did the New York Times respond to AI companies using their content for training?
-The New York Times sued AI companies like Open AI for copyright infringement, demanding the destruction of chatbot models and training data that include copyrighted material.
What are the implications of AI biases in various sectors?
-AI biases can lead to tangible damage in sectors like law enforcement, healthcare, and job applicant tracking. These biases perpetuate societal prejudices and can result in lower accuracy results for certain demographics.
What is the role of Sama in AI content moderation and what were the reported issues?
-Sama provided laborers to Open AI for content moderation, sifting through extremist, sexual, and violent content. However, employees reportedly suffered from post-traumatic stress disorder and were paid less than $2 an hour, highlighting the human cost of AI development.
What are some potential solutions to the ethical and legal issues in AI development?
-Tools like Spawning and Code Carbon are being developed to help artists control their work's use in AI training and measure AI's environmental impact, respectively. These tools could lead to better understanding and regulation of AI's social, legal, and environmental impacts.
Outlines
🤖 AI's Impact on Jobs and the Environment
The first paragraph discusses the widespread fear of AI replacing human jobs, citing a Goldman Sachs report that suggests AI could displace 300 million full-time jobs. It also touches on the anxiety among creatives about AI's potential to disrupt the art world and questions the necessity of human authenticity. The environmental impact of AI is highlighted, with the creation of the AI model Bloom, which emphasizes ethics and sustainability but still consumes significant energy. The paragraph also mentions the energy consumption of large AI models like GPT and the lack of transparency from tech companies about their energy use. Finally, it introduces Solar Slice, a startup that allows individuals to fund solar farms and contribute to clean energy.
📚 AI and Copyright Law: A Complex Relationship
This paragraph delves into the legal and ethical issues surrounding AI training, particularly in relation to copyright law. It describes how AI models like Open AI's Whisper transcribe YouTube videos to train chatbots, potentially violating copyright and YouTube's terms of service. The paragraph also covers the New York Times' lawsuit against AI companies for using their content in AI training, marking a significant legal challenge. The discussion extends to the broader implications for content creators, such as visual artists and musicians, whose work may be used in AI training without permission or compensation. The ethical and legal debates around AI training are highlighted, with no clear consensus on the right course of action.
🌐 AI Biases and the Real-World Consequences
The third paragraph addresses the issue of AI biases, which can perpetuate societal prejudices and lead to tangible harm, particularly in law enforcement and healthcare. It discusses how AI models trained on discriminatory data can result in misidentification and unfair treatment, such as in facial recognition systems. The paragraph also touches on the impact of AI on content moderation, where workers are exposed to traumatic content, leading to mental health issues. The ethical implications of AI training and use are explored, including the need for transparency and fair compensation for content creators. The paragraph concludes by suggesting that while AI is advancing rapidly, addressing its social, legal, and environmental impacts is crucial for creating a responsible AI ecosystem.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Artificial Intelligence (AI)
💡Generative AI
💡Ethics
💡Environmental Impact
💡Copyright Law
💡Data Scraping
💡Bias
💡Content Moderation
💡Sustainability
💡Transparency
💡Legal Implications
Highlights
The fear of robots taking over due to the rapid evolution of artificial intelligence is widespread.
AI is projected to replace 300 million full-time jobs, causing anxiety among workers.
Generative AI is accessible and poses an existential threat to creatives worldwide.
Concerns about human authenticity in a world increasingly dominated by AI are growing.
The potential for AI to become uncontrollable through self-improvement is a significant fear.
AI's environmental impact, such as energy consumption and carbon emissions, is a growing concern.
Bloom, an AI model focused on ethics and sustainability, still consumes significant energy.
Large language models like GPT and Gemini have grown exponentially, increasing environmental impacts.
The energy required for AI systems primarily comes from non-renewable sources, exacerbating the climate crisis.
Solar Slice is a startup aiming to accelerate clean energy transition through large-scale solar farms.
Copyright issues surrounding AI training data, such as using YouTube videos, are extensively discussed.
Open AI's use of YouTube videos for training models raises legal and ethical questions.
The New York Times sued Open AI for copyright infringement over the use of their content in AI training.
News Corp has a licensing deal with Open AI, contrasting with the New York Times' legal action.
AI training on human-created content raises questions about artists' rights and compensation.
AI models can perpetuate societal biases, leading to issues in law enforcement and healthcare.
Content moderation for AI training involves dealing with disturbing content, impacting workers' mental health.
Tools like Spawning and Code Carbon are emerging to help manage AI's social, legal, and environmental impacts.
The need for guardrails and new regulations on artificial intelligence is becoming increasingly apparent.
Transcripts
the robots are going to take over that's
the fear isn't it with the evolution of
artificial intelligence moving at an
almost incomprehensibly Fast Pace it's
easy to understand why we get
preoccupied with this idea everywhere we
turn there's headlines about AI stealing
human jobs golden Sachs even published a
report last year saying that AI could
replace the equivalent of 300 million
full-time jobs generative AI is more
accessible than ever and workers are
anxious a price Waterhouse Cooper survey
from May 2022 found that almost onethird
of respondents were worried about their
employment roles being replaced by
technology in the next 3 years creatives
worldwide are fearful that art as we
know it faces an existential threat with
the proliferation of AI and for the
first time we're seriously asking
whether human authenticity is a
necessary part of the world anymore of
course the worst fear is that artificial
intelligence will reach a point of
self-improvement so Advanced that it
will become uncontrollable if the AI can
teach itself and Achieve Superior
intelligence to us
mere mortals what will become of our
future these doomsday scenarios are an
important part of the conversation the
truth is nobody knows what will happen
in 10 or 20 years let alone 10 and 20
minutes we can try to predict the path
that AI will take but two short years
ago we were all playing around with the
first public release of chat GPT
completely enthralled with its mere
existence and now it's just a regular
part of many people's lives besides we
don't need to preoccupy ourselves with
being controlled by robots there's
plenty Happ happening right now that
should raise some red flags generally
speaking we think advanced technology is
synonymous with sustainability but
that's not often the case there are
always trade-offs the hope is that the
technology is beneficial enough to
society and the environment that the
trade-offs are worth it and it might
feel like AI exists out there in the
cloud pinging our computers and phones
when we need it and it's not wrong
however as we all know it the cloud
isn't just floating up in the sky ai's
cloud is built of metal and silicon it's
powered by energy and every AI query
that comes through is a cost to the
planet a team of 1,000 researchers
joined together to try and address this
growing concern they created an AI model
called Bloom which stands for
biologically localized and online
One-Shot multitask learning that
emphasize ethics transparency and
consent they discovered that training
this environmentally friendly model used
as much energy as 30 homes in one year
and emitted 20 tons of carbon dioxide in
comparison to a behemoth like chat gbt
Bloom is small potatoes so AI
researchers assume that bigger models
like GPT use at least 20 times more
energy the exact number remains a
mystery though because tech companies
aren't required to disclose information
on energy consumption and not to mention
that the current Trend in AI follows the
rule of bigger is better large language
models like chat GPT and Google's Gemini
grew 2,000 times in size Over The Last 5
Years with that growth comes inevitable
and often undiscussed environmental
impacts one of these environmental
impacts is the amount of energy that
computers need to process the large
volume of information required to run
these AI systems most of this energy is
gotten from non-renewable sources which
is only worsening our climate crisis if
you want to do something about the
climate crisis then you should check out
the sponsor of today's episode solar
slice solar slice is a startup that lets
you fund the construction of large-
scale solar Farms accelerating the
transition to clean energy all you need
to do is sponsor a slice of their large
scale solar farm a solar slice which
adds 50 W of solar to the grid and
reduces harmful emissions to measure
just how much impact you're making their
app allows you to track real-time data
on your slices energy production and
carbon savings as your slices generate
clean energy you earn Eco points which
you can then use to buy more slices
plant trees or fund other meaningful
climate friendly projects to make even
more impact you can share your progress
with others create group impact goals
with friends or send solar slices to
your eco-conscious friends as gifts to
learn more visit solar slice.com
there you'll find a link to their
Kickstarter Campaign which will help
fund the construction of their first
solar farm and the development of their
app back to our story on the other hand
the growing copyright issues surrounding
how these AI models are trained have
been discussed extensively simply stated
copyright law protects intellectual
property and content from being used or
sold without permission from the
copyright holder until recently the
implications were relatively easy to
Define and prosecute when necessary with
AI it's a different story recently open
AI was called out for using YouTube
videos to train its models these large
language models need massive amounts of
data to work effectively yes it's
important that they can answer simple
questions like what temperature to cook
chicken at but perhaps more importantly
they need to be able to generate
coherent human-like sentences but how do
they learn to talk like a human from
other humans of course but is it ethical
or legal for a company like open AI to
scrape online sources like YouTube that
might not approve of such scraping open
AI reportedly used its audio trans
description model whisper and an attempt
to get over the hump of hazy AI
copyright law the model transcribed
files from YouTube videos into plain
text documents creating the data sources
needed to train its AI chat Bots whisper
transcribed over a million hours of
YouTube videos uploaded by millions of
users some of whom derive part or all of
their income from creating content on
the platform open AI knew this was
legally questionable but believed they
could claim it was fair use of online
content open AI president Greg Brockman
was Hands-On in collecting videos used
in the training and the company
maintains that it uses publicly
available data to train its AI models
the scraping violated YouTube's rules
which ban the use of content for
applications independent of the site
interestingly Google which owns YouTube
knew about open ai's actions but didn't
report them because they are allegedly
doing some content scraping of their own
for the Gemini AI model YouTube isn't
the only company that's pushing back
against AI training in 2023 the New York
Times accused open AI of stealing
intellectual property ensued both it and
in Microsoft open ai's financial backer
for copyright
infringement with this move the times
became the first major American Media
organization to sue an artificial
intelligence company over its content
being used to train chat Bots the suit
called for companies like open AI to
destroy chatbot models and training data
that is copyrighted New York Times
material it's the first test of legal
issues around generative AI technology
and could have major implications for
training large language
models while the times understandably
has issues with his Catal of 13 billion
articles being used without permission
News Corp which owns the New York Post
and the Wall Street Journal has taken
the polar opposite approach as of May
2024 the company has a multi-year
licensing deal in place reportedly worth
$250 million that Grants open AI access
too much of its content open AI has also
Inked deals with Fox Media in the
Atlantic perhaps out of the harsh
reality artificial companies like it
will be facing moving forward all of the
major players creating these massive
language model AI programs are starting
to hit the limit of data available to
train them Google now has a deal with
Reddit to license content from the
website to train Gemini Meta Even
considered buying book publisher Simon
and Shuster and its 100 Years of
material outright so it could get access
to all of its content while these
companies fight it out over who gets
access to what there are real
implications for the people who create
this content visual artists musicians
and writers are watching their work show
up in AI texts and images this happens
when an AI is trained on certain texts
and images and learns to identify and
replicate patterns in the data when the
program is meant to generate music art
or text the data it trains on has to be
created by humans notable authors like
Jonathan Fran and George RR Martin and
John ginsum filed a lawsuit after
learning that AI had absorbed tens of
thousands of books actress and comedian
Sarah Silverman sued meta in open AI for
using her Memoir as a training text just
like chat Bots it's difficult to
identify what art has been used to train
these models because companies like open
AI which owns the popular image
generator
don't disclose their data sets others
like stability AI which owns the
generative AI model stable diffusion are
clear about which data they're using but
they are still taking artist's work
without permission or payment the legal
recourse for artists is difficult
experts are of two minds and some feel
that this type of AI training infringes
on copyright law but others feel it's
still above the board and that the
lawsuits will fail and the truth is that
nobody knows because we're in Uncharted
Territory that once seemed like merely
the subject of Science Fiction movies in
the 2013 Spike Jones movie her while
Keem Phoenix's character falls in love
with an AI virtual assistant voiced by
Scarlett Johansson 11 years later life
is imitating art after open AI announced
a new personal assistant called Sky it
was easy to notice that his voice
sounded a lot like Johansson's Sam Alman
the company's CEO has noted that her is
one of his favorite movies turns out
he'd been courting Johansson to voice
the new AI assistant but she declined
the offer after hearing Sky's voice jo
Johansson threatened a lawsuit against
open AI for actors politicians athletes
or anyone else in the public eye it's
easy to see how AI could completely
upend someone's life if their image
Voice or likeness is replicated that
upending is already happening right now
well it is clear that AI companies are
knowingly pushing the limits of
copyright law they're also inadvertently
causing even more harm whether the
companies are intentional about it AI
models are inevitably trained on the
discriminatory data littered across the
internet AI models and Cody patterns and
beliefs representing racism sexism and
other prejudices if these biases are
deployed in settings intended for use
specifically in law enforcement they can
lead to tangible damage to innocent
people for example if AI models are
shown more images of white faces than
darker skin tones they will have more
trouble identifying features of dark
skinned people if Police use AI to try
and catch criminals the odds are higher
that their systems will mistakenly
identify dark skinned individuals more
often or if AI is used to generate
friends ex sketch the model will take
all of the biases that's been fed and
spit them back out in the sketch prompts
like gang member or terrorist will
inevitably whip up a stereotype that
could totally be off the mark the
implications in law enforcement are easy
to see but they're also much further
reaching in healthcare computer aided
diagnosis systems have returned lower
accuracy results for black patients than
white patients in job applicant tracking
Amazon stopped using a highering
algorithm after it saw that the
algorithm favored words like executed
and captured which were more often found
on men's
resumés AI biases perpetuate human
societal biases and can come from
historical or current social inequality
if you ask an AI to generate an image of
a scientist it'll most likely show a
middle-aged white man with glasses what
does that say to young girls of color
who want to be
scientists these missteps Foster
mistrust among marginalized groups and
could lead to slower adoption of some AI
technology the ethical issues aren't
solely embedded in the training and use
of these models they're happening right
here in the physical world as well
content moderation is a famously
difficult job people sift through some
of the worst images descriptions and
sounds on social media platforms online
forms and Retail sites they ensure that
disturbing scenes don't wind up on our
screens or in our ears AI might be
getting smart but it doesn't self-
moderate Time Magazine did a deep dive
into a company called Sama in January
2023 Sama provided open AI with laborers
tasked with combing through some of the
worst extremist sexual and violent
content on the internet to ensure it
didn't end up in the AI training regimen
former s employees said they suffered
post-traumatic stress disorder while on
the job and after sifting through these
horrific things to make matters worse
employees mostly located in Kenya were
paid less than $2 an hour the company
claimed it was lifting people out of
poverty but the time article described
claims of the work being torture
individuals regularly had to work past
assigned hours and despite some Wellness
services offered to them many
experienced irreversible emotional
effects the narrative that AI can
eliminate workers is true but the
workers it takes to make AI possible are
still suffering so what's the solution
is there
one for artists a company called
spawning created a tool that can help
them better understand and control which
art ends up in training databases the
company stability AI does train its
models on existing text and images
available online but it's looking at
ways to ensure that creatives are paid
royalties for using their work another
tool called code carbon has emerged
which runs in parallel to AI training
and measures missions this might help
users make informed choices about which
AI model to use based on how sustainable
its operations are these are important
and worthy starts but no single tool can
solve such complex issues by creating
tools that can measure AI social legal
and environmental impacts we can start
to understand how bad these problems are
this hopefully can lead to creating
guardrails and Advising legislators on
how to develop new regulations on
artificial
intelligence it might feel like AI is
moving quickly and that's because as it
is the existential worry about robots
taking over is a fun and scary one to
entertain however we do have real issues
centered around our potential digital
overlords happening as we speak it's not
too late to find ways to create an
artificially intelligent world that we
all want to live in but users and
companies alike have to decide that path
together
[Music]
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