Great leadership comes down to only two rules | Peter Anderton | TEDxDerby

TEDx Talks
25 Jul 201617:26

Summary

TLDR本视频通过巧克力饼干的比喻,探讨了领导力的真谛。演讲者指出,领导力并非职位或权力,而是个人内在品质的体现。他强调,真正的领导力基于两条简单而强大的原则:一是领导力不是关于你,而是关于激励他人;二是要实现改变,必须从自身做起。演讲者通过历史人物和现代理论,揭示了领导力的本质,并分享了自己在巧克力饼干工厂的失败经历,来强调理解并实践这些原则的重要性。

Takeaways

  • 🍫 巧克力饼干(巧克力霍布诺布)被用作一个隐喻,来探讨领导力的深层含义。
  • 📚 领导力并非关于职位,而是关于个人品质,每个人都能以某种方式成为领导者。
  • 🔍 网络上关于领导力的信息量巨大,但真正有价值的领导力原则往往被复杂性所掩盖。
  • 📉 很多人停止寻找领导力的本质,转而寻找快速解决方案,这反而增加了复杂性。
  • 🕰 历史上的领导力观念经历了从服务到统治的转变,但真正的领导力原则是古老且持久的。
  • 👥 领导力的第一条规则是:它不是关于你,而是关于你如何启发他人。
  • 🌟 伟大的领导者激励人们对自己有信心,而不仅仅是对领导者有信心。
  • 🔄 领导力的第二条规则是:如果你想创造变化,必须从自己做起。
  • 🤔 真正的领导者会反思自己的行为和态度,而不是仅仅指责他人。
  • 🌐 我们周围的环境是我们内心世界和行为的反映,领导者应该意识到这一点。
  • 🔑 我们可能在寻找领导力的“银弹”,但实际上,古代智慧已经提供了我们需要的所有答案。

Q & A

  • 巧克力饼干(巧克力霍布诺布)在视频中被用来比喻什么主题?

    -巧克力饼干在视频中被用来比喻领导力,讲述者通过巧克力饼干引出领导力的两个简单而强大的规则。

  • 视频中提到,领导力的真正含义是什么?

    -视频中提到,领导力的真正含义不是关于职位,而是关于你是谁,即领导力是关于服务,而不是统治。

  • 为什么说领导力不是关于你,而是关于人民?

    -因为伟大的领导者能够激发人们对自己的信心,而不是仅仅对领导者有信心,这体现了领导力的第一规则,即领导力是关于服务人民。

  • 视频中提到的两个领导力规则是什么?

    -视频中提到的两个领导力规则是:1) 领导力不是关于你,而是关于人民;2) 如果你想要创造变化,它只能从你自己开始,即只有关于你。

  • 视频中提到了哪些历史人物对领导力的看法?

    -视频中提到了孙子、孔子、西塞罗、耶稣、尼科洛·马基雅维利、托马斯·卡莱尔和弗雷德里克·泰勒等历史人物对领导力的看法。

  • 为什么说现代领导力理论造成了混乱?

    -因为现代领导力理论过于复杂,许多人停止寻找领导力的本质,而是寻找所谓的‘银弹’,即一种新的、能够一次性解决问题的方法,这反而增加了复杂性,使领导力的真正信息被埋没。

  • 视频中提到的‘巧克力霍布诺布工厂’的故事有什么寓意?

    -‘巧克力霍布诺布工厂’的故事寓意着领导者需要认识到问题可能源于自己,而不是他人,领导者需要从自身做起,改变自己的行为和态度来影响他人。

  • 视频中提到的‘仆人式领导’是什么?

    -‘仆人式领导’是罗伯特·格林里夫在70年代提出的概念,强调领导者应该像仆人一样服务他人,而不是仅仅追求权力和控制。

  • 如何理解视频中提到的‘真实领导力’?

    -‘真实领导力’强调领导者应该真实地展现自己,了解自己的优势和弱点,并以透明的方式行事,而不是试图成为别人或模仿他人。

  • 视频中提到的‘钥匙精灵’比喻了什么?

    -‘钥匙精灵’比喻了人们在寻找领导力的‘银弹’时,往往忽视了已经存在的答案和智慧,而应该学会倾听和寻找那些已经被记录和传承下来的知识。

Outlines

00:00

🍫 巧克力饼干与领导力

本段讲述了巧克力饼干(巧克力霍布诺布)如何与领导力相关。演讲者提出三个信息点,强调领导力与个人位置无关,每个人都可以成为领导者。同时指出,真正的领导力被复杂的理论所掩盖,而领导力的本质其实非常简单,可以归结为两条基本原则。演讲者分享了自己作为工程师对领导力简单性和一致性的热情,并以自己曾经制造巧克力霍布诺布的失败经历作为案例,引出了领导力的旅程。

05:01

📚 领导力的历史演变

这段内容回顾了从古代到现代的领导力理论的演变。从孙子、孔子、西塞罗到耶稣,他们认为领导力是关于服务而非统治。然而,随着时间的推移,出现了像马基雅维利这样的思想家,他们强调领导者需要不择手段地维持权力。19世纪和20世纪的领导力理论进一步复杂化,如泰勒的科学管理法,它忽视了工人的主动性。这些理论使得领导力的基本原则被埋藏得越来越深,演讲者呼吁回归领导力的本质。

10:01

🤔 领导力的两大原则

演讲者提出了领导力的两大原则:第一,领导力不是关于你,而是关于人民;第二,如果你想创造变化,它必须从你自己开始。他强调了真正的领导者不是创造更多追随者,而是培养更多领导者。演讲者通过自己的经历,说明了不理解这些原则会导致失败。他引用了罗伯特·格林里夫的仆人式领导和其他理论,强调了领导者应该真实地表现自己,并通过自己的行为来启发他人。

15:02

🔑 寻找领导力的钥匙

最后一段中,演讲者以钥匙地精的比喻结束了他的演讲,指出我们在寻找领导力的“银子弹”时,往往忽视了早已存在的答案。他建议我们应该倾听并学习古代智慧,而不是盲目追求新的理论。演讲者强调,领导力的真正意义在于理解并实践那些已经被时间检验的原则,而不是不断寻找新的、复杂的解决方案。

Mindmap

Keywords

💡领导力

领导力是指影响和指导他人的能力。视频中强调每个人都是某种意义上的领导者,因为领导力并不在于职位,而在于个人特质和行为。例如,演讲者提到无论你是否认为自己是领导者,你都可以影响他人。

💡服务型领导

服务型领导是一种领导理论,强调领导者应当服务他人,而不是追求个人权力。视频中提到罗伯特·格林利夫在20世纪70年代提出了这个概念,重新强调了领导力的核心原则。

💡自我反思

自我反思是指领导者需要审视和改善自己的行为。视频中提到,真正的领导者会在遇到问题时首先反思自己,而不是责怪他人。尼尔森·曼德拉的名言“我不能改变别人,直到我改变自己”很好地诠释了这一点。

💡权威

权威在视频中被讨论为一种误导性的领导观念,特别是在尼科洛·马基雅维利的《君主论》中。他主张领导者应不择手段地保持权力,然而这种观点导致了许多误解和问题。

💡简化

简化是视频中的一个核心主题,强调领导力的本质其实很简单,只是被过多的理论和复杂化掩盖了。演讲者认为真正的领导力可以归结为两个简单但强大的规则。

💡传统智慧

传统智慧指的是古代的领导力原则,这些原则至今仍然适用。视频中提到像老子、孙子、耶稣等历史人物的领导观念,这些观念强调服务和自我完善。

💡责任

责任是领导力的重要组成部分。视频中提到,领导者应该对团队的表现负责,而不是推卸责任。这种责任感是构建信任和有效领导的基础。

💡复杂性

复杂性在视频中指的是现代领导理论的繁多和复杂,使得领导力的本质被掩盖了。演讲者呼吁回归简单的原则,而不是寻找“银弹”式的解决方案。

💡授权

授权指的是领导者赋予他人责任和决策权。视频中提到好的领导者不是创造更多的追随者,而是培养更多的领导者,通过授权来激励和发展团队成员。

💡自信

自信在视频中被提及为领导力的一个关键因素。好的领导者能够激发团队成员对自己的信心,而不仅仅是对领导者的信心。埃莉诺·罗斯福的名言很好地说明了这一点。

Highlights

巧克力饼干可以教我们很多关于领导力的知识,领导力不关乎职位,而是关乎个人特质。

领导力的真正含义被埋藏多年,信息过载导致难以找到真正有用的领导力信息。

领导力其实非常简单,尽管不容易,但理解起来并不复杂。

领导力的爆炸性增长导致了理论的混乱,人们停止寻找领导力的本质,而开始寻找快速解决方案。

历史上的领导力观点强调服务而非统治,但现代理论往往忽视了这一点。

尼科洛·马基雅维利的观点将领导力的焦点转向了个人权力的维持。

20世纪的科学管理理论忽视了人的因素,导致了管理层与工人之间的隔阂。

领导力的特质研究未能找到决定性的特征,除了身高和智力略高于平均水平。

行为模型和名人CEO的自传未能提供有效的领导力复制途径。

真正的领导力是关于服务,而不是成为英雄或救世主。

领导力的第一规则是:领导力与你无关,而是关于你如何启发他人。

罗伯特·格林里夫的仆人式领导模型重新强调了领导力的第一规则。

真正的领导者创造更多的领导者,而不是追随者。

领导力的第二规则是:如果你想创造变化,必须从自己做起。

领导者的行为和态度是周围环境的反映,改变应从自我开始。

纳尔逊·曼德拉和古代智者都强调了自我改变的重要性。

我们今天对领导力的理解大多是对古代智慧的重新包装和分发。

领导者应该倾听并学习古代智慧,而不是盲目追求新的领导力理论。

生活中的“钥匙小精灵”比喻了我们在寻找领导力答案时的困惑和盲目。

最终信息是,我们应该倾听并学习那些已经被记录和验证的领导力原则。

Transcripts

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[Music]

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what i want to talk to you about today

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is chocolate knobs

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what can chocolate hobnobs teach us

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about leadership well a lot more than

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you might think i've got three messages

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that will apply to each one of us today

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whatever you think of chocolate hobnobs

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and whether you see yourself as a leader

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or not

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because you don't actually have to be a

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politician

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or a four-star general or some sort of

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chief executive to be a leader actually

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every single one of us can make a

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difference every single one of us is a

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leader in some way or another because

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leadership isn't actually about position

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leadership is about who you are

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but the real message of leadership has

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been buried deep over the years the last

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time i googled leadership i got 760

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million results

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in half a second

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it's impossible to find what we really

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want in all that information

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i don't if you know but the average

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person in the uk spends up to six months

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of their life searching for everyday

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things like keys

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and mobile phones

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six months and of course the more stuff

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we have the harder we have to search for

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the things that we're looking for

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imagine searching through 760 million

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things to find your case

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and that's the problem that we see today

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because thousands of different

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leadership models and concepts have all

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come together to form this complex

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tapestry like some sort of remarkable

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chemical formula that we assume any

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university professors can understand

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well i'm here to tell you today that

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leadership is actually very simple

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it's not easy

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but it is simple

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and everything you ever need to know

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about leadership comes down to one of

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two simple but very powerful rules

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and if you grasp these rules and put

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them into practice you cannot fail to

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inspire others be they teams

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organizations or communities

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so why this explosion in leadership

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theories that causes so much confusion

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well i think the problem is this too

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many of us have stopped searching for

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the keys of leadership

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and we've started looking for the silver

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bullet instead

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constantly on the lookout for something

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new this wonderful thing that once i

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understand this everything will change

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and fall into place

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if i can just take my shiny new silver

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bullet and load it into my barrel and

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fire all will be well

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and yet rather than producing simplicity

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it should produce more and more

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complexity more and more models have

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buried the true message of leadership

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deeper and deeper and deeper and these

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two rules are lost

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somewhere underneath all the stuff

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i'm going to let you into a secret

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people have been practicing leadership

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for a very long time

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and the essence of leadership goes back

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for centuries millennia even

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now i'm not actually a head of state

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i'm not a professor i'm not einstein i'm

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an engineer with a passion for

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leadership simplicity and alignment

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and i've seen leadership from all sorts

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of angles

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i've seen great successes and i've seen

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some monumental failures and because

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i've learned more from my failures than

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from my successes i'm going to share

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with you my ultimate failure today

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because i used to be the man who made

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chocolate hobnobs

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it was the problem child of a factory

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not so far from here

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and i was brought in as the young

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hotshot who would be able to save the

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day irrespective of what the line had

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done to my two predecessors

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how little we knew

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now before we join my worst ever shift

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we're going to go on a journey and the

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journey we're going to go on is the

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journey of leadership

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and it's a journey through time and

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space we're going to head back to the

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6th century bc

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and we're going to join out soon

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but on our way there let's just

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recognize it in under 15 minutes

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we're going to go through centuries of

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leadership thinking so the one thing we

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can be sure of is we're going to leave a

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lot out

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so like tsu believed that the leader was

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best when people barely knew he existed

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that when his job was done his aim

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fulfilled the people would say we did it

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ourselves

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not so far away sun tzu was writing the

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art of war a book that's on the

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recommended reading list for a lot of

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top executives today

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and he believed that the general who

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advances without coveting

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and who retreats without fearing

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disgrace whose only thought is to

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protect his country and do good service

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for his sovereign is the jewel of the

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kingdom

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the roman consul cicero in the first

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century bc absolutely understood that

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the leader could only deliver results

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through other people

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he had to focus his attention on others

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if anything was going to happen if

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anything was going to change

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jesus in the first century taught if

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anyone would be great amongst you

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let him be your servant his disciples

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liken the relationship between leaders

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and followers

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to the relationship between a shepherd

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caring for their flock all of these

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agreed that leadership wasn't actually

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about dominion leadership was about

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service

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until we come to the 16th century and

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our cunning italian nicolo machiavelli

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wrote his famous book the prince he

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believed it was all about the leader

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the leader had to maintain power at all

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costs the focus was entirely upon them

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they would maintain power by force or by

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deceit if necessary

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and in fact it needs to appear to be one

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thing whilst in reality being something

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else altogether

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and we're still clearing up his mess

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today

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because whilst he taught us some great

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insights in the perils of managing

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change

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what we also learned from machiavelli

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was how to lock up rule number one of

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leadership and throw away the

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key then we come to the 19th century the

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scott thomas carlisle believed that

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leaders were born not made you either

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had it or you didn't and if you had it

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then you would make great things happen

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if you didn't well tough

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you were either a leader or a follower

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you either a manager or a worker then

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into the 20th century frederick taylor

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comes along with scientific management

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he says forget people becoming their

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best just optimize the way their work is

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done

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the right way to do a job was defined

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and workers no longer had any

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responsibility for how they did their

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work it was all decided for them

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and whilst scientific management was

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parked by the 1940s the impact of his

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thinking still lingers on like a bad

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smell today

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with this massive gap between managers

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and workers

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all of this stuff unraveled

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the ancient wisdom on leadership

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all of it taking the principles the

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fundamental principles

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of rule number one of leadership turned

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inside out and placed it on its head

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so in that desperate attempt they find

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themselves looking for the traits of

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leaders the characteristics what if we

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were to study the best leaders and

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measure them and see what we can develop

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ourselves

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and then this study was put to one side

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when they recognized that actually the

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only statistically significant thing

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that they could come up with was that

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the best leaders were slightly taller

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and slightly above average intelligence

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and that was as good as it got

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so then finally they moved to what

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leaders did they said well let's look at

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this behavioral model surely we can copy

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the best leaders

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and then become great ourselves and this

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led to the birth of the celebrity chief

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exec

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this is where their books their

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autobiographies were

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written and read like leadership manuals

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the whole thinking was if you need to be

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brilliant you need to be like me you

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need to walk like me you need to talk

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like me you need to dress like me in

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fact the only way you can actually be

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brilliant is to have a frontal lobotomy

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and that was essentially the thinking

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that went forward

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it led to what professor richard jolly

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from the london business school called

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the heathrow airport school of

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leadership this is where your boss goes

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on holiday and gets to the airport

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realizing they've forgotten their book

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so they head to the airport bookshop and

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they end up in the business section

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clutching the latest celebrity chief

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exec autobiography and they go away and

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they devour it and they come back trying

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to be like them and of course it never

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works

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so the really enlightened employees

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learn to save a lot of pain by buying

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their boss a novel before they went away

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on holiday

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and all of this stuff just buries the

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principles of leadership deeper and

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deeper and deeper

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and so we get to the point that rule

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number one is buried and in amongst all

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of the

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stuff and yet rule number one is

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incredibly simple

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well number one is the starting point

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everything that you need to know about

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leadership starts from this one

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principle

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rule number one of leadership is that

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it's not about you

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or to misquote bill clinton it's about

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the people stupid

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everything starts here

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eleanor roosevelt put it like this she

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said a good leader can inspire people to

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have confidence in the leader

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a great leader inspires people to have

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confidence in themselves

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why because they get rule number one

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and a leader of course is only a leader

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when they've got followers so the

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temptation is to create more followers

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who need you for the answers that you

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can actually then provide but of course

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the best leaders don't create more

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followers they create more leaders they

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recognize that the idea of the hero

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flying in to save the day solving all of

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the problems answering everything just

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doesn't make sense the world is too

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complex for any one of us to have all of

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the answers

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and there i was

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with our problem child

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i was everywhere solving this problem

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solving that problem coming up with

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fabulous ideas working all hours

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convinced that i could sort it all out

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and terrified that i would let the side

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down terrified that i'd be some sort of

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failure

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but i got it all wrong

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because at the end of the day i didn't

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understand rule number one so the whole

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situation was unraveling around my ears

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because right then i thought it was all

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about me in my head it was my blood my

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sweat

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my tears and my

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ego you see whenever we find ourselves

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in a situation where we think everything

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is dependent upon us

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when we think we're the only one who

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cares we're the only one who gets it

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whether it's in our home whether it's in

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school whether it's at work whether it's

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in our community the secret is to get

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back to rule number one

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robert greenleaf in the 70s brought back

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the key to leadership with his model of

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servant leadership he brought back rule

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number one loud and clear but it was

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only part of the picture

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the other key was still missing and that

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key was rule number two

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so just before we come to rule number

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two we're going to check in with

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authentic leadership

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it's not the only leadership theory

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during the rounds at the moment but it's

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the one that brings us to rule number

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two because authentic leadership isn't

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about a great man it's not about a fixed

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set of characteristics it's about

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turning up at the top end of who we

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really are it's less about trying to be

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somebody else and it's more about trying

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to be ourself

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brilliantly because any one of us can be

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a leader it starts with having a clear

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understanding of who we are

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of what we stand for of what our

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strengths and weaknesses are

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and then behaving in a transparent way

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that draws all of these things together

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john maxwell talks about five levels of

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leadership he says people follow first

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of all because they have to that's level

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one leadership

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if you're the boss they have to do as

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adult

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that's where in the biscuit factory

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you've got a queue of people waiting at

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five minutes before the end of the shift

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all changed and ready to go just to

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slide their card to the clock machine as

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they head out the door they give you

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their minimum never their best

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level two is where they follow you

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because of how they feel about you as an

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individual

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level three is where they follow you

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because of what you've achieved

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level four is where they follow you

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because of what you have done for them

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and level five is where they follow you

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because of what you of who you are and

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what you represent

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you see each layer going deeper and

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deeper

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forms a deeper level of commitment and

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as you move from each layer to the next

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it's all about choice but not your

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choice their choice

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that's leadership rule number

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one so the change apparently much

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misquoted

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be the change that you want to see in

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the world brings us face-to-face with

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rule number two

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which is as simple and as powerful as

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rule number one it's only about you

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if ever you want to create change around

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you it starts with who you are

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and how you behave

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a whole range of theories from evolios

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to zeleznics takes us through to the

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point that ultimately if we want to

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inspire others it's about who we are

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so wrenches brings us back to our

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chocolate hobnob factory

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because i thought everybody else needed

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to change

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i didn't think the problem was me i was

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the only one who got it i was the only

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one who understood the problem i was the

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only one who cared they were the ones

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who needed to change

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but in reality what was going on around

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me and my team and the piles of

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chocolate hobnobs that we were crunching

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through

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they were just a reflection of me

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because leadership and life is a bit

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like that

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things can go a bit pear-shaped from

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time to time

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and it's easy to find ourselves blaming

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other people

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and pointing the finger elsewhere but

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the true leader looks themselves in the

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mirror and says if i want anything to be

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different

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it starts with me

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because the true leader recognizes

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that's what's going on around them is a

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reflection of who they are that's the

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power of rule number two

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we recognize there's no point waiting

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for everybody else to get their act

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together we need to start cleaning up

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our own act

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but if we want others to live up to our

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expectations then it starts with who we

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are and what we stand for and are we

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standing up for what we believe

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or are we just doing time

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nelson mandela absolutely nailed rule

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number two and he said

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i couldn't change others until i changed

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myself

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and don't think for a minute this is

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anything new

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ancient wisdom had this long ago

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lao tzu said mastering others is

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strength

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mastering yourself is true power

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cicero said the enemy is within the

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gates

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it is with our own luxury our own folly

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our own criminality that we must contend

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jesus said as you want others to do

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until you do so and to them

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his principles have been around for a

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very very long time because the rule

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number two of leadership recognizes that

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people around us don't come with remote

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controls

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they recognize that if we want to bring

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about change in those around us it

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starts with our behaviors it starts with

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who we are

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because the environment that we create

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around us is simply a reflection of our

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thinking and of our behavior

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so it's time for us to ask the question

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what environment are we creating

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is it like this

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or is it like this

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because all of us are leaders

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we all lead in one way or another we're

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all creating an environment around us

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so when it comes to leadership in

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reality all that we're doing in today's

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world

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is repackaging and redistributing what

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has been known for millennia

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and yet too many of us are sitting on

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the floor surrounded by wrapping paper

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playing with the boxes

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rather than focusing on the messages

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that are right at the core

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i'd love to say that the only mistakes i

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ever made in leadership involve

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chocolate hobnos but life's not quite

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like that

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life is a journey and sometimes we go

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around in circles

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and there's no such thing as the perfect

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leader

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but the next best thing is a leader who

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really gets rule number one

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and rule number two

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we live in a really complex world

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that is crying out for simplicity

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so let's just take the lead on these two

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simple rules because there isn't a

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single element of leadership that

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doesn't hinge on one of these two

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principles

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it's not about you

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and it's only about you

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so those are my first two messages i'm

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going to close with the third

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and i'm going to introduce you to my

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little friend here the key goblin i

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don't know if anybody else has key

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goblins in their house but whenever i'm

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about to head out the key goblin notices

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that i'm trying to get out the door and

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it takes my keys and it tucks them away

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somewhere safe

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you know sometimes it's hidden under a

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pile of stuff sometimes it's in plain

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view

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and the really devious ones will hide my

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mobile phone but only when it's on

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silent

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so there i am just picture the scene

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wandering around frantically trying to

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find my mobile phone until i recognize

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that actually although it's on silent

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it's set to vibrate

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so i call the number

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and i walk around

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listening carefully trying to identify

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and find what i think is lost

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and there it is tucked in my shoe for

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some unknown reason

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all i had to do was listen

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and that's really my final message today

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we can find ourselves spinning around in

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circles searching for the silver bullet

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something new that will magically let

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everything fall into place

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and my suggestion is that maybe

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everything that we need to know about

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leadership

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and life

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was written down a long time ago

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maybe it's simply time for us to start

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listening

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listening to what's already been said

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thank you

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you

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