Pronomes Relativos [Prof. Noslen]

Summary

This lesson dives into relative pronouns in Portuguese, explaining the difference between variable and invariable pronouns. It covers the usage of 'que,' 'o qual,' 'whose,' and 'who' in various contexts, with a focus on their forms and how they relate to people and things. Practical examples illustrate key concepts like possession with 'whose' and how pronouns work with verbs like 'go.' The video maintains an engaging, conversational tone, inviting viewers to interact with the content while deepening their understanding of grammar rules.

Takeaways

• 😀 Relative pronouns are categorized into two types: variable and invariable.
• 😀 Variable pronouns can have different forms based on number and gender, such as 'which', 'whose', and 'how many'.
• 😀 Invariable pronouns, like 'que' and 'o qual', do not change for gender or number and are used for both people and things.
• 😀 'Que' refers back to the previous term (e.g., magazine in 'I bought a magazine that has my friend on the cover').
• 😀 'Que' can be replaced with 'o qual' or 'a qual', especially when referring to things, but not people.
• 😀 'Whose' is used to show possession and appears between two nouns (e.g., 'the writer whose book is widely read').
• 😀 After 'whose', you should not use any article (e.g., 'whose book' instead of 'whose the book').
• 😀 Relative pronouns like 'who' are used when referring to people, and 'whose' shows possession between the possessor and the possessed.
• 😀 'O' can be accompanied by indefinite pronouns like 'everything' (tudo) or 'all' (todo) in specific contexts.
• 😀 'Onde' is used for locations or places, while 'aonde' is used with verbs that imply movement, like 'go'.
• 😀 It’s important to understand when 'where' refers back to an antecedent (location) versus when it's used as a general concept (e.g., 'Where I feel I should stay').

Q & A

What are the two types of relative pronouns discussed in the video?

The two types of relative pronouns discussed are variable and invariable pronouns.

What are variable relative pronouns, and can you give examples?

Variable relative pronouns have singular, plural, masculine, and feminine forms. Examples include 'which,' 'whose,' and 'how many.'

What is the key difference between variable and invariable relative pronouns?

Variable pronouns change based on gender and number, while invariable pronouns do not change and are used in a single form for both singular and plural, masculine and feminine.

How is 'que' used as a relative pronoun in the video?

'Que' is used to refer back to a previous noun, both for things and people when the thing is personified. For example, 'I bought a magazine that has my friend on the cover.'

What does 'whose' indicate in the context of relative pronouns?

'Whose' is used to indicate possession, often appearing between two nouns. For example, 'This is the writer whose book is widely read.'

Can 'whose' be used with articles, and why?

'Whose' should not be used with an article because the idea of possession is already embedded in the word 'whose.' For instance, 'the book whose' is incorrect.

What is the distinction between 'que' and 'o qual' in relation to relative pronouns?

'Que' can refer to both people and things, while 'o qual' or 'a qual' is used more specifically for things. For example, 'I bought a magazine that has my friend on the cover' uses 'que' for a thing.

How do the relative pronouns 'que' and 'o qual' differ in usage when referring to people versus things?

'Que' is generally used for both people and things, but 'o qual' is more specific to things. For example, 'que' would refer to a personified object or a person, while 'o qual' would strictly refer to a thing.

What is the importance of using 'quanto' and 'tudo' with relative pronouns?

'Quanto' and 'tudo' are often used together with relative pronouns to express quantity or extent, as in 'tudo quanto era' (everything that was) or 'quanto quanto' (everything).

What is the difference between 'onde' and 'aonde' in the video?

'Onde' is used for locations in general, while 'aonde' is used when there is a movement toward a location, often with verbs like 'go.' For example, 'Where are you going?' would use 'aonde.'