Perform Venipuncture Collect a Venous Blood Sample Using the Syringe Method
Summary
TLDRThis video script offers a detailed walkthrough of the venipuncture procedure, emphasizing the importance of preparation, patient interaction, and accuracy. From verifying patient identity and explaining the process to selecting the puncture site and safely drawing blood, the script guides viewers through each step with care. It also covers post-procedure actions, including securing the sample, disposing of materials, and documenting the process, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of safe and effective blood collection.
Takeaways
- 📝 Verify the requisition form to understand the tests required and gather the necessary supplies, including a syringe, vacuum tubes, and safety equipment.
- 🔬 Use a 21 or 22 gauge safety needle for venipuncture to ensure patient safety and comfort.
- 🧑⚕️ Introduce yourself to the patient and confirm their identity using two identifiers to ensure the correct patient is being treated.
- 🙌 Explain the procedure to the patient, obtain their consent, and ensure they understand the purpose of the blood draw.
- 💉 Prepare the syringe and needle properly, ensuring the plunger is loosened and the needle is securely attached.
- 🩹 Apply the tourniquet correctly, avoiding restriction of arterial blood flow, and ask the patient to make a fist to help veins become more visible.
- 🔍 Select the appropriate venipuncture site by palpating the antecubital space and tracing the vein's path.
- 🧪 Clean the venipuncture site with an alcohol pad, working from the center outward, and allow the area to dry before proceeding.
- 💉 Insert the needle at a 15-degree angle, ensuring a flash of blood in the hub indicates successful entry into the vein.
- 🩸 After obtaining blood, release the tourniquet before withdrawing the needle and apply sterile gauze to the puncture site with firm pressure.
- 🌡️ Transfer the blood to the required tubes using a safety transfer device without pushing the syringe plunger to maintain sample quality.
- 🗑️ Dispose of the used syringe and contaminated items properly, and disinfect the work area to maintain hygiene.
Q & A
What is the first step in the venipuncture procedure as described in the script?
-The first step is to check the requisition form to determine the tests ordered.
What are the essential supplies typically needed for venipuncture according to the script?
-The essential supplies include a syringe with a 21 or 22 gauge safety needle, vacuum tubes, isopropyl alcohol pads, gauze pads, a tourniquet, a safety transfer device, hypoallergenic tape, a permanent marking pen or labels, a fluid impermeable lab coat, and disposable gloves.
How should the medical assistant introduce themselves to the patient?
-The medical assistant should introduce themselves by name and their role, for example, 'My name is Claudia, I'm a medical assistant.'
What is the purpose of verifying the patient's identity using two identifiers?
-Verifying the patient's identity using two identifiers ensures that the correct patient is being treated, reducing the risk of medical errors.
Why is it important to explain the procedure to the patient before starting venipuncture?
-Explaining the procedure helps the patient understand what will happen, which can reduce anxiety and obtain their permission for the venipuncture.
What should the patient do when asked to make a fist during venipuncture?
-The patient should make a fist to help the veins become more prominent and easier to locate for the needle insertion.
Why is it necessary to clean the venipuncture site with an alcohol pad?
-Cleaning the venipuncture site with an alcohol pad is crucial for disinfection to prevent infection at the injection site.
What angle should be used when inserting the needle for venipuncture?
-The needle should be inserted at a 15-degree angle to the skin.
Why is it important to release the tourniquet before withdrawing the needle?
-Releasing the tourniquet before withdrawing the needle helps to prevent excessive blood flow once the needle is out and ensures the sample is not overly diluted.
What should be done with the blood sample after it is collected?
-The blood sample should be immediately transferred to the required tubes using a safety transfer device, without pushing on the syringe plunger to avoid affecting sample quality.
How should the puncture site be managed after the needle is withdrawn?
-Sterile gauze should be placed over the puncture site, and gentle firm pressure should be applied. The patient should also apply direct pressure with the sterile gauze, and the arm should be kept elevated but not bent.
Outlines
💉 Venipuncture Procedure Overview
This paragraph outlines the essential steps of the venipuncture procedure. It begins with a checklist of supplies needed, including a syringe, safety needle, vacuum tubes, alcohol pads, gauze, a tourniquet, and a safety transfer device. The script then describes the importance of introducing oneself, verifying the patient's identity, and explaining the procedure to obtain consent. It also covers the preparation of the patient's arm, including the application of the tourniquet and the selection of the puncture site. The paragraph concludes with the initial steps of the actual venipuncture, including needle insertion and the collection of the first drop of blood.
🔍 Detailed Steps of Venipuncture
This section provides a detailed account of the venipuncture process, emphasizing the technical aspects of drawing blood. It describes how to prepare the syringe, apply the tourniquet, and locate a suitable vein. The script instructs on the proper technique for needle insertion, including the angle and the importance of a flash of blood as confirmation of successful venipuncture. It also explains the process of filling the syringe with the correct volume of blood, releasing the tourniquet, and safely withdrawing the needle. The paragraph further details the immediate post-venipuncture actions, such as applying pressure to the puncture site and activating the needle safety device.
🛡️ Safety and Post-Procedure Care
The final paragraph focuses on safety measures and post-procedure care following venipuncture. It instructs on the proper disposal of the used syringe and the transfer of blood to the required tubes without affecting sample quality. The script emphasizes the importance of inverting the tubes to mix the anticoagulant and inspecting the puncture site for bleeding or hematoma. It also covers the application of a hypoallergenic pressure bandage and the disposal of contaminated items. The paragraph concludes with the administrative tasks of completing the laboratory requisition form, documenting the procedure, and thorough disinfection of the work area.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Venipuncture
💡Requisition Form
💡Safety Needle
💡Vacuum Tubes
💡Tourniquet
💡Vena Puncture Site
💡Antiseptic
💡Needle Safety Device
💡Blood Sample
💡Hypoallergenic Tape
💡Laboratory Requisition Form
Highlights
Venipuncture involves several important steps for accurate blood collection.
Check the requisition form to determine the tests ordered for proper preparation.
Gather essential supplies including syringe, safety needle, vacuum tubes, and alcohol pads.
Introduce yourself and greet the patient to establish rapport and trust.
Verify patient identity using two identifiers to ensure correct specimen collection.
Explain the procedure and obtain patient's permission for venipuncture.
Inspect patient's arms and ask for preference to respect patient comfort.
Proper patient positioning is crucial for successful venipuncture.
Assemble needle and syringe correctly to ensure smooth operation.
Apply tourniquet correctly without restricting arterial blood flow.
Palpate the antecubital space to select the best vena puncture site.
Clean the venipuncture site thoroughly with an alcohol pad and allow it to dry.
Insert the needle at a 15-degree angle for optimal vein access.
Look for a flash of blood in the hub to confirm proper needle placement.
Pull back on the plunger to fill the syringe with the correct volume of blood.
Release the tourniquet before withdrawing the needle to prevent blood vessel damage.
Apply sterile gauze and pressure to the puncture site to stop bleeding.
Activate the needle safety device to prevent needlestick injuries.
Transfer blood to required tubes using a safety transfer device without affecting sample quality.
Dispose of the syringe unit and contaminated items properly to maintain hygiene.
Invert vacuum tubes to mix anticoagulant with blood and prevent clotting.
Inspect the puncture site for bleeding or hematoma and apply a hypoallergenic bandage if needed.
Complete documentation and route the specimen to the laboratory for testing.
Thoroughly disinfect the work area and sanitize hands to prevent cross-contamination.
Transcripts
[Music]
venipuncture involves several
important steps thoroughly understanding
these steps
will give you the confidence to perform
this procedure quickly and accurately
check the requisition form to determine
the tests ordered
gather your tubes and supplies typically
you'll need a syringe of appropriate
size with a 21
or 22 gauge safety needle vacuum tubes
for the tests
ordered 70 isopropyl alcohol pads
gauze pads a tourniquet a safety
transfer device
hypoallergenic tape a permanent marking
pen
or printed labels and a fluid
impermeable lab coat and disposable
gloves
introduce yourself and greet the patient
my name is claudia i'm a medical
assistant
put on a fluid impermeable lab coat
sanitize your hands
and put on disposable gloves to make
sure you have the right patient
verify his identity using two
identifiers can you confirm your name
and date of birth
yes it's rick explain the procedure and
obtain permission for the venipuncture
looks like the doctor wants to send some
studies for your cholesterol and glucose
so i'll have to draw some blood for
today inspect both of your patients arms
and ask your patient if he has a
preference do you have a preference
which
arm we use i prefer the right okay help
your patient
sit with his arm well supported and
straight in a slightly downward position
assemble the needle and syringe attach
the needle firmly to the syringe
pull and depress the plunger several
times to loosen it in the barrel while
keeping the cover on
the needle the plunger must be pushed in
completely after it has been loosened
apply the tourniquet around the
patient's arm three to four inches above
the elbow
the tourniquet should never be tied so
tightly that it restricts blood flow
in the artery next
ask your patient to make a fist can you
make a fist for me
select the vena puncture site by
palpating the antecubital space
once you've found a vein use your index
finger to trace the path of the vein
and judge its depth clean the
venipuncture site with an alcohol pad
begin in the center of the area and work
outward in a circular pattern
give the area time to dry before you
proceed
pick up the syringe with your dominant
hand your thumb should be on top of the
syringe
and your fingers beneath it remove the
needle cover
grasp your patient's arm with your
non-dominant hand
and anchor the vein you can do this by
gently stretching the skin downward
below the venipuncture site
with the bevel up and the needle aligned
parallel to the vein
insert the needle quickly and smoothly
at a 15 degree angle to the skin
look for a flash of blood in the hub of
the syringe
this tells you that the needle is in the
vein make sure you don't move the needle
after entering the vein
ask the patient to release his fist hey
release your fist for me
now slowly pull back on the plunger of
the syringe with your non-dominant hand
don't allow more than one milliliter of
head space between the blood
and the top of the plunger fill the
barrel of the syringe to the correct
volume
once you have the proper volume of blood
in the syringe release the tourniquet
the tourniquet must be released before
you withdraw the needle from the
patient's arm
the tourniquet should only remain in
place for one minute
with your non-dominant hand place
sterile gauze over the puncture site as
you withdraw the needle
apply gentle firm pressure to the site
using your dominant hand immediately
activate the needle safety device
ask your patient to apply direct
pressure on the site with the sterile
gauze
the patient can elevate his arm but he
shouldn't bend it
okay let's keep your arm elevated remove
the syringe safety needle
and use the safety transfer device to
transfer the blood immediately to the
required tubes
do not push on the syringe plunger
during transfer
doing so can affect the sample quality
when you're finished transferring the
blood throw away the entire syringe unit
in the sharps container
blood begins to clock quickly after
collection so you'll need to invert the
vacuum tubes to gently mix the
anticoagulant with the blood sample
inspect the puncture site for bleeding
or a hematoma
apply a hypoallergenic pressure bandage
to the site
to prevent bleeding or bruising properly
dispose of any blood contaminated items
like the gauze and your gloves disinfect
the work area thoroughly
remove your lab coat and sanitize your
hands
complete the laboratory requisition form
and route it
with the specimen to the proper place
document the procedure in the patient's
record
[Music]
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