SCIENCE 4 || QUARTER 1 WEEK 3 - 4 | CHANGES IN SOLID MATERIALS | MELC-BASED

Summary

In this educational video, Teacher Frail introduces children to the topic of changes in solid materials. The lesson explains how materials can be bent, pressed, hammered, or cut to change their size, shape, texture, and color, but without forming new materials. The video covers concepts like ductility (materials that can bend or stretch without breaking) and brittleness (materials that easily break or crack). Examples of materials and tools are provided, such as slippers, sponges, paperclips, and more. The lesson concludes with a learning test, reinforcing the concepts of physical changes in materials.

Takeaways

• 😀 Solid materials have their own properties and characteristics, such as shape, size, color, and texture.
• 😀 Changes in solid materials can occur when they are bent, pressed, hammered, cut, torn, colored, twisted, crumpled, folded, or stretched.
• 😀 Physical changes in solid materials, such as bending or cutting, do not result in new materials but alter their appearance or properties.
• 😀 Ductility is the ability of materials to be bent, stretched, or hammered without breaking (e.g., slippers, sponges, paper clips).
• 😀 Brittleness refers to materials that can easily break, crack, or snap (e.g., ceramics, mirrors, crayons).
• 😀 Bending involves forcing an object into a curved shape using force. Common materials that bend include wire, rubber mats, and paper clips.
• 😀 Pressing applies weight or force to materials, such as clay, dough, or pillows, to change their shape.
• 😀 Hammering involves striking materials with force to shape them, often used in construction and carpentry.
• 😀 Cutting means dividing materials using sharp tools, like scissors, knives, or cutters (e.g., cutting paper, fruit, or cardboard).
• 😀 Students tested their understanding of material changes through a quiz, categorizing materials based on how they can be changed (e.g., bending, cutting, hammering).

Q & A

What are solid materials?

Solid materials are objects that have a definite shape, size, color, texture, weight, and volume. They do not change shape or size easily unless physical force is applied.

How can solid materials be changed?

Solid materials can be changed in many ways, including bending, pressing, hammering, cutting, tearing, coloring, twisting, crumpling, folding, and stretching.

What is ductility?

Ductility is the ability of a material to be hammered, tinned, bent, or stretched without breaking. Examples include slippers, sponges, and paper clips.

Can you provide an example of a material that is brittle?

Ceramics, mirrors, and crayons are brittle materials, meaning they can be easily broken, cracked, or snapped.

What happens when a material is bent?

Bending means forcing a material, especially a long, thin one, from a straight form into a curved or angular one. It changes the shape of the material but not its basic structure.

What is pressing and when is it used?

Pressing is applying pressure to a material, such as clay, dough, or fabric, to change its shape. This can be done with hands or tools like an iron.

What does hammering do to a solid material?

Hammering is the process of beating or striking a material with a hammer, often to bend, shape, or break it. It's commonly used in construction and metalworking.

How do cutting tools work?

Cutting tools like scissors, knives, or cutters divide materials by applying a sharp edge to the object. This alters the material's shape or size by slicing through it.

How can you change the characteristics of a stone?

A stone can only be changed by hammering. It is too rigid to be bent, pressed, or cut easily.

What happens to materials when they are bent, pressed, hammered, or cut?

When solid materials are bent, pressed, hammered, or cut, their size, shape, texture, and color may change, but no new material is formed. The physical appearance changes, not the substance.